Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2005; 21(3-4)

DÜZELTME

2005-12-01

Effect of Offspring Numbers and Different Methods on Estimation of Heritability for Body Weight in Japanese Quail

Tamer Çağlayan, Şeref İnal — 2005-12-01

The purpose of this study is to compare half-sib correlations, parent-offspring correlations, parent-offspring regression and REML methods for estimating heritability for 5-weeks body weight in Japanese quail. In this investigation, 1752 chicks at 5-weeks old were obtained from 21 male and 105 female quail and used as the animal material. Animals were reared at the Veterinary Faculty Farm of Selçuk University, Turkey. After correcting the 5-weeks body weights for sex effect, heritabilities were re-estimated. In addition; 945, 840, 735, 630 and 525 quails were selected from 1752 quails by using sensitive-separation (sampling) method, and heritabilities were estimated for each method. Heritabilities of 5-week body weights from the non-standardized and standardized data sets according to sex factor were estimated between 0.0890.610 and between 0.091-0.590 respectively. Differences between the heritability estimations from the standardized and non-standardized 5-week body weights were not statistically important (P>0.05). Heritabilities estimated by using half-sib correlations method were generally low. However, heritabilities estimated by parent-offspring correlations, parent-offspring regression and REML methods were moderate or high. Estimated heritabilities were increased while offspring numbers were gradually decreased in half-sib correlations, parent-offspring correlations and REML methods. On the other hand, we observed that the number of offspring had no significant effect on heritability estimation in parent-offspring regression method.

Investigation of Effect on Fertility of Different Oestrus Synchronization Methods in Cows in Field Conditions

Bülent Bülbül, Mehmet Bozkurt Ataman — 2005-12-01

In this study, the effect of PGF:o + PGF^, GnRH + PGF,U, PRID + PGF3(! and ear implant + PGF:„ applications on estrus synchronization and fertility in cows in lield conditions were investigaled. A totaî ol 125 Holsteın cows were used as material. Cows were randomly divided in to five groups. Two injections of PGF:„ was applied 11 days apart in the first group (n=25). GnRH (day 0) and PGF:„ (7 day later) was injected in the second group (n=25). PRID's were inserted to the anterior vagina of each cow lor 12 days and PGFi„ was injected before the day of PRID removal in the third group (n=25). Ear implants were inserted to the ear of each cow subcutaneousty tor 9 days and PGF;„ was injected before the day of implant removal in the fourth group (n=25). Cows in the group V (n=25) were served as control. Artificial inseminations were performed twice at 72-96 hours m the group i and 48-72 hours in the groups II. til and IV after the last application. Cows in the control group (n=25) were inseminated with regard o the spontaneous estrous Pregnani cows were determined by rectal palpation between 60-90 days after the second inse ination. Estrous and pregnancy rates were °e100.0'o96 00, %100, %100 and %100; %84 00. %62.50, %84.00, %72.00 an ı %52.00. respectively, in the groups I, II, 111. IV and V identical estrous rates were found in all groups (P>0 05) Pregnancy rates in the groups I and III were higher than group V (P<0.05). However pregnancy rates were similar in the groups I. II. Ill and IV (P>0.05), In conclusion, it was determined that two injections of PGF2q. GnRH + PGF:a and implant +■ PGF?U methods are more economic than PRID + PGF,„ method Looking the more advantegeous about application easiness and agreement of fanner, the injections pf PGF V, 11 days apart and GnRH + PGF2u is more advantageous. However, it was concluded that, all of the synchronization methods used in our study were determined as useful because of allowing fixed-time insemination without estrous detection. synchronising estrous and increasing of pregnancy rates in field conditions.

Oestrus Synchronisation in Cattle

Bülent Bülbül, Mehmet Bozkurt Ataman — 2005-12-01

Many trials are being made for oestrus detection and reducing the lime (or this. In recent years, oestrus synchronisation programs were developed which different hormones are used alone or together Because o I application easiness, providing the artificial insemination of cow with suboestrus and preventing the time and effort waste tor oestrus detection, oestrus synchronisation programs which used with fixed-time artificial insemination are prefered in field conditions. Explaining advantages and disadvantages and choosing the most suitable method of synchronisation programs which used with fixed-time artificial insemination is very important to benefit from cattle population

Evaluation of the effect of Dinoprost on Oestrus Synchronization and Pregnancy Rates in Purebred Arabian Mares in Sanliurfa Region

Mehmet Osman Atlı, Hayrettin Çetin — 2005-12-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of single dose dinoprost on estrus synchronization and pregnancy rate in purebred Arabian mares during diestrous. Thirty-five purebred Arabian fertile mares, aged from 5 to 12 years were used between April and May. Animals were divided as treated with dinoprost group (n: 20) and control group (n: 15) Control group consisted of mares that had estrus spontaneously. Treated mares were divided into two groups according to their follicle size (^20 mm (n:9) and <20 mm (n:l 1)) detected by means of ultrasonography during dinoprost injection. The side effect score of dinoprost injection was evaluated clinically. The mares having estrus which were detected by means ol teaser stallion, endometnal edema and follicular growth were bred naturally every other day until ovulation. In the treated mares, estrus rate was 90%. The side effect score due to intramuscular dinoprost injection was 2,45± 0.95. Ovulation and pregnancy rates were 94%. 65%, and 86%, 54%, in treatment and control groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between treatment and control groups for ovulation and pregnancy rates. Dinoprost injection-estrus (day) and estrus-ovulation intervals (day) were 2.0+0.5, 4+1.2 and 4.6± 0,9, 5±1.06 in &20 mm and <20 mm follicle size groups on their ovary during dinoprost injection, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.0l) between two follicle size (*20 mm and <20 mm) groups for the mean interval between injection and estrus. As a result, dinoprost synchronized the estrous at a high rate. The side effects such as sweating, colic and ataxia due to dinoprost disappeared within a few hours However, variable ovulations times were obtained and lollicle on the ovaries affected estrus due to dinoprost injection. Fertility was not impaired by this treatment Dinoprost can öe used easily for estrus synchronization

Evaluation of Silage Quality of Wet Sugar Beet Pulp Prepared With Different Additives

Mehmet Avcı, Hakkı Akdeniz, Suphi Deniz — 2005-12-01

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ground wheat and molasses addition in to wet sugar beet pulp (WSBP) at different levels on the silage quality and in vitro digestibility. Molasses {0%. 2.5%, 5%) or ground wheat (0%, 2%. 4%) was added in to WSBP and then, silage dry matter was Increased up to 15%, 17% and 20% by addition of wood shaving a total ol 18 groups were prepared. Ninety silage samples were prepared as five replicates of each group in glass jars and the jars were opened after 90 days. Chemical composition, digestibility and pH analyses of silages were analyzed. Energy values and Flieg points were calculated. An increase in crude protein values was observed in parallel to molasses and ground wheat levels in silages. However, NDF and ADF ratios of silages were decreased due to these additives. pH values obtained from all silage samples were between 3.82 and 4 36 Fleig points of silages were between good and excellent. The highest Flieg points were obtained from molasses additives silages with 15% and 17% dry matter Organic matter digestibility decreased due to ngreasing silage dry matters and amount of wood shavings additions On groups wrth dry matter of 15%, 17% and 20%; 79.90%, 67.40% and 58%. respectively). Supplementation of molasses or wheat increased silage organic matter digestibility and energy levels. In conclusion; silages with 5% molasses and 4% ground wheat with 15% dry matter was high quality silages based on organic matter digestibility and energy contents.

The Determination of Yield Potantial, Digestibility and Energy Contents of Sainfoin Harvested at Different Maturities Using In Vivo and In Vitro Methods

Suphi Deniz, Hakkı Akdeniz, Mehmet Avcı, Muhammet Ali Kara — 2005-12-01

The objective ot this study was to determine the most proper harvesting stage for sainfoin harvested at five different maturities (budding, 25% blooming. 50% blooming, 100% blooming and seedling) using in vivo and in vitro digestibility. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergant fiber (NDF), acid detergant fiber (ADF) and acid de-tergant lignin (ADL) contents of sainfoin increased, but crude protein (CP) and ash contents decreased due to increased maturity (P<0.05) DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF and ADL concentrates were 11,65%, 17.39%, 23,49%. 28.96% and 30.59%; 90 75%, 92 19%, 93.13%, 94.04% and 93.76%; 21.62%, 16 06%, 12.35%, 12.31% and 11.60%; 4012%, 48.38% 52.31%. 52.03% and 55.38%; 29.72%, 37.92%, 41,71%, 40,39% and 44.22%; 6.69%, 7.15%, 8.04%, 9.48% and 9 31% for 1 2 3. 4 and 5th harvesting stages, respectively (P<0.05). DM yield, in vitro OM digestibility (IVOMD), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), net energy for lactation (NEL) levels of sainfoin were 333.5, 629.2. 815.2, 1112.6 and 1020.9 kg/da. 71 15%. 63 94, 62.69%, 56.63% and 58.36%;13 13, 11.80, 11.57, 10.45 and 10.77 MJ/kg DM; 10,76, 9 67, 9 48, 8.57 and 8.83 MJ/kg DM; 6.79, 6.05, 5.93, 5.30 ve 5 48 MJ/kg DM for 1. 2. 3. 4. and 5«ı harvesting stages, respectively (P<0.05). Coefficiencıes ot DM. OM, CP, NDF, ADF digestibilities determined in vivo were 69 95. 68.39%. 62 95%, 61 60% and 58 85%; 71.80%. 69.88%. 64,54%, 62.34% and 5961%: 78.04%, 76.63%, 71.11%. 65.22% and 72 28%; 47.91%, 4111%, 43.46%, 42.38% and 40,18%; 46.78%, 36.28%. 37.18%, 36.92% and 33.84% (or 1. 2. 3 4. and 5m harvesting stages, respectively (P<0.05). DE, ME and NEL levels determined in vivo were 13.25, 12.89, 11.91. 11.50 and 11 00 MJ/kg DM; 10.86, 10.57. 9.76, 9.43 and 9.02 MJ/kg DM; 6,86, 6.66, 6.11, 5 89 and 5 61 MJ/kg DM. Organic matter digestibilities and energy contents of samples were similar wnen in vitro ar>d in vivo techniques were compared except tor organic matter digestibilities at 2 and 4th harvesting stages. Even though IVOMD decreased, in vitro digestible OM yields increased with maturity because of increases in DM yields of sainfoin with maturity The highest in vitro digestible OM yield were observed at 3., 4.. and 5th harvesting stages (50% blooming, 100% bSooming and seedling). Similariy, the highest DE, ME and NEL values were observed at same harvesting stages (P<0.05).

Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Maraş Cheese Manufactured in K. Maraş

K. Kaan Tekinşen — 2005-12-01

The study was carried out to determine the microbiological and chemical quality of Maraş cheese manufactured in K Maraş A tola! of 50 samples were obtained randomly from retail outlets in K. Maraş and examined mic-robiologically for aerobic mesophiles. pyschrophiles, coliform bacteria, E.coli, fecaf streptococci and yeast and mould counts and chemically for moisture, dry matter, fat and saft in dry matter and titratable lactic acid content. The average aerobic mesophilic and psycrophilic, coliform, fecal streptococci and yeast and moutd logiO counts were 6.98, 5.73, 0.38, 5 40 and 5.75 cfu/g. respectively None of the samples contained E.coli. All of the 50 Maraş cheese samples for coliform bacteria and for E coli counts complied with the current Turkish Food Codex. The mean percentage values of moisture, fat and salt in dry matter and lactic acid content of the samples were 44.71, 44.16, 13.06. 0 43 percent respectively. None of the samples for moisture content were over the maximum limit in White Cheese Standard, while 98 % contained salt in dry matter over the legal limit. In conclusion, the results indicate that Maraş cheese can be taken for semi-hard, fat cheese kind and it has been manufactured under unhygienic conditions and not by a standard technique.

The degree of Endometrial Edema on the Days of Estrus and Ovulation in Purebred Arabian Mares

Mehmet Osman Atlı, Hayrettin Çetin, Ömer Korkmaz — 2005-12-01

The aim of study was to determine the degree of endometrial edema on the days of estrus and ovulation in cyclic Purebred Arabian mares. For this purpose, 20 purebred Arabian fertile mares, aged from 5 to 12 years were used between April and May. All of the mares were observed during at least one estrous cycle. The ovulation day was accepted as day 0 (dO). The mare were observed and examined for estrus from d 14 until detection. During the same period, the uterus of all mares was examined using ultrasound and the degree o( edema was graded. On the estrus day, edema scores were as following, grade 3 (20%, n=4), grade 2 (65%. n=13), grade 1 (15%, n=3). On the ovulation day edema score was grade 0 in 16 mares (%80) and other 4 mares (%20) had grade 1 edema. After the ovulation day, all of mare had no edema in uterus as seen during the diestrus. As a result, grading the edema in the uterus could be a useful method in predicting the day of estrus and ovulation along with the use other estrus detection methods (teaser stallion, vaginal examination and follicular growth) in purebred Arabian mares.

Isolation and Identification of Listeria monocytogenes From White Pickled Cheese Consumed in Niğde Region

Cemalettin Bağcı, Mahmut Çınar — 2005-12-01

This investigation was carried out to isolate and identify the L.monocytogenes from white pickled cheese consumed in Niğde region. In this study, between June-2005, July-2005 50 samples of pickled white cheese were examined in Niğde region. In isolation studies, Listeria Enrichment Broth Base (Oxoid, CM862) was used as enrichment broth and Listeria Selective Agar Base (Oxoid, CM856) was used to isolate the agent. Of 50 white pickled cheese samples, strains of L monocytogenes in 3 samples (6 %), L.innocula in 8 samples (16 %) and L.welshimeri in 2 samples (4 %) were isolated and identified. In conclusion, although what number of the bacteria through this route could infect the human is not known it is considered that there is a potential of Iransmission risk on the Public Health Issues, since L.monocytogenes was identified in white pickled cheese consumed in Niğde and its province.

The Changes of Some Serum Biochemical Parameters in Different Age Groups of Anatolian Buffalos

Turan Civelek, Fatih Mehmet Birdane, Mustafa Küçükkebabçı — 2005-12-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of some serum biochemical parameters in different age groups a total of 93 clinically healthy Anatolian Buffalos in either sex. Serum concentrations of BUN, TG. VLDL and GLU in newborns and 6 between 24 months age group; serum concentrations of CHOL, HDL and CREA in 6 between 24 months age group and ≥36 age group were similiar. On the other hand the serum concentrations of LDH and TP were different for ail groups.

Effect of Prostaglandin F_2α Injections during the Different Day of Oestrus on Injection-Oestrus, Injection-Ovulation Interval and Fertility in Ewes

M. Boz kurt Ataman, Mehmet Aköz — 2005-12-01

The objective of this trial was to determine the efficacy of prostaglandin injections on different days of estrous cycle 10 induce ovarian activity of ewes during the breeding season. Vaginal sponges containing 30 mg fluorogestene acetate (FGA) were inserted into the vagina of the ewes tor 12 days, 0,294 mg Tnaprost tromethamine, an analogue of PGF_2α . was intramuscularly injected to all ewes one day betore the withdrawal of sponges in three groups. Estrous of each ewes were followed using with teaser rams with the 6 hour interval and mean ovulation time were determined based on the completing of estrous Animals were divided into three groups according the time of end of estrus. 0.294 mg Triaprost tromethamine were injected on day 3 (Group I), 6 (Group 11} and 9 (Group III) after ovulation. Afterwards, PMSG at the dosage of 400 IU were injected to all of the ewes at the moment of prostaglandin injection. PGF_2α -estrus, PGF_2α -ovulation interval were significantly (P<0.05) shorter in the group I than in the groups II and III. Plasma progesterone level at the moment of PGF,(I injections was statistically (p<0.05) lower in the group l than in the group II. On the other hands, estrus response and pregnancy rates were not statistically different (p>0.05) among the groups. As a result of in this study, injection of PGF_2α on day 3 after ovulation was found to be effective to induce ovarian activity in ewes.

Macroanatomical Investigations on the Superficial and Deep Veins of the Head in Holstein Bovine

Hakan Yalçın, Kamil Beşoluk, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz — 2005-12-01

This study was carried out to determine drained regions of head superficial and deep veins in Holstein bovine. For this purpose, a total of sight heads of Holstein bovine of both sexes obtained from slaughterhouse in Konya were used. Following the conventional anatomical technics to heads, blue coloured latex were injected into the external jugular veins. After that, all the materials was dissected. The external jugular vein was formed by joining the maxillary and linguofacial veins at the caudal level of mandibular angle. The linguofacial vein was formed by joining the glandular, lingual and facial veins The intraorbital and descending palatine vein directly joined the deep facial vein. It was determined that the maxillary i/em formed by joining the caudal auricular, ventral masseteric, superficial temporal veins and pterygoid plexus at the medial level of parotid gland It was observed that the pterygoid plexus composed of the palatinal, pharyngeal, inferior alveolar, deep temporal, masseteric, temporomandibular articular, buccal and pterygoid veins.

Investigation of Possibilities Using of Ultrasonography in Cat and Bitch Reproduction

Deniz Nak, Yavuz Nak, Bilginer Tuna — 2005-12-01

In this study was aimed to demonstrate posibilities using of the ultrasonography in diagnosis of physiological and pathological cases be watched in brtch and cat reproduction. Total 264 bitch and 142 cat brought to our clinics for pro-estrus, follicular cyst, postpartum (acute) metritis, pyometra, retentio secundinarium. tumor, fetal mummification, dystocia, pseudopregnancy and pregnancy examinations was used as research materials Ultrasonographic examinations were performed transabdominal^ by using a B mode real-time 5 MHz linear transducer. Alt ultrasonographic examination results was indicated, ultrasonography was as a practical, sensitive and reliable method either diagnosis or direction of treatment and monitoring of treatment resullts in small animal reproduction.

Pulse Oximetry in the Determination of Bowel Viability

Cengiz Ceylan, Halil Selçuk Biricik, Musa Karaman, Ali Hayat, Nurettin Aydilek — 2005-12-01

Accurate evaluation of bowel viability remains one of important problems confronting the surgeon Pulse oximetry has been proposed as an appropriate and feasible technique in the assessment of bowel viability in recent years The aim of this study was to determine accurate of bowel viability using pulse oximetry. For this purpose, segmental isc-heamic model were performed in six dogs. To carry out segmental ischemia, the artery and vein of the jejunal segments were clamped completely with Bulldog clamps. The jejunal segments were ligated with penrose drains in its proximal and distal ends for luminal occlusion in all animals. Oxygen saturation was measured with probes applied to the antimesentric border of ischeamic jejunal segment. Moreover, intestinal mucosal damage was also determined histopathologicaiy In conclusion, pulse oximetry was found to be reliable and useful in the determination of bowel viability.

The Congenital Hydrocephalus and Arthrogryposis Cases in Two Calves

Hamit Yıldız, Ali Mükremin Apaydın, Derviş Ozdemir, Erdal Kaygusuzoğlu — 2005-12-01

Two calves that had hydrocephalus and arthrogryposis, calves were found to have anatomical similarities, but the first calf demonstrated kyphosis anomalies in addition to hydrocephalus and arthrogryposis.

Cytological Studies in Healthy Mouse

Ertan Oruç — 2005-12-01

In ihıs study, exfoliation and normal cytologic appearane of tongue, iung. kver. kidney, spleen, lymph node and testis were investigated in impnnt smears prepared from healthy Mouse

The Importance of Arterial Blood Gases in The Diagnosis of Experimentally Induced Respiratory Tract Diseases in Lambs

Mahmut Ok, Hasan Güzelbekteş, İsmail Şen, Alparslan Coşkun — 2005-12-01

The importance of arterial and venouse blood gas in the diagnosis of experimentally induced respiratory tract diseases in lambs and to the most reliable which parameters in the diagnosis of disaese were aimed to determine in this study The lambs divided to control ( 6 lambs) and experimental ( 7 lambs) groups. Pasteurella haemolytica (8x10⁸ CFU/ ml), Clebsiella pneumoniae (8x10⁸ CFU/ml) and Paraenfluenza 3 viruse were inoculated by intratracheal for induced respiratory tract diseases in the lambs (experimental groups). Blood samples were taken from the femoral arteria and the jugular vein once in the control group of lambs. Blood samples were taken Irom the femoral arteria and the jugular vein on days 1th , 2th. 3th, and 4th of the infection in the experimental group of lambs The WBC (p<0.00l), body temperature (p<0 001), respiratory rate (p<0.001), and heart rate (p<0.01) were significantly increased in the experimental group of lambs compared with the control group of iambs. pH (p<0.01), pCO2 (p<0.01), pO2 (p<0 05). and oxygen saturation (p<0.05) in venouse blood were significantly different in the the experimental group of lambs compared with the control group of lambs. pCO2 (p<0.01) In arterial blood was significantly different in the the experimental group of lambs compared with the control group of lambs. In the histopathologic examination, interstitial pneumonia and pneumonia with ab-cessation was determined in the lung of experimental group of the lambs. The results ot this study showed that, arterial blood gases did not influenced in acute respiratory enfection, but venouse blood gases did more influenced in acute respiratory disease, therefore, evaulation of venouse blood gases in the diagnosis of respiratory disease was found to more benifical.