Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2001; 17(3)

Effect of Millings Among Broiler Breeder Parent Groups of Different Body Weight on Broiler Performance: 11. Commercial broiler performance

Süleyman Dere, M.Ali Tekeş — 2001-04-01

The purpose ol (his study is to determine the effects of housing together male and female broiler parents with different body weight at 22 weeks old age during production period on progeny performance. As the research material. 778 Avian female and 116 Peterson male broiler breeders, and totally 459 chicks obtained from that broiler breeders were used. Parent male and female chickens were separately divided into three base body weight groups called low, middle and high at 22 weeks old age . Separately three body weight subgroups which have almost similar variance and average values were obtained from base body weight groups by using sensitive sampling method. Six male and 64 female broiler breeder parent chickens obtained from bodyweight subgroups were housed in 9 pens during production period, feed conversion, body weight and performance indices of progeny groups were determined. Performance indices for 49 days old progenies of Hh (Light male x light female), Ha. Ho, Ah. Aa (Heavy male x heavy female), Ao. Oh. Oa and Oo (Middle male x middle female) parent groups were estimated as 193.71, 181.54, 226.83, 211.40, 204.44, 188.23, 203.40, 201.14 and 202.40, respectively. As a result , it can be said that Body weight of Broiler breeders can influence Body weight of their own progenies. When average progeny (commercial broilers) bodyweights and performance index values were taken into consideration, it may be possible to say ıha! if light males and females with middle bodyweights at sexual maturity age are used in broiler breeder pareni matings, optimum performance in progenies of Broiler breeders will be able to be obtained.

The Investigation liffects of Selenium on Some Biochemical Parameters in Sheep

İbrahim Pirinçci, Ahmet Ateşşahin1 Bülent Elitok2 — 2001-04-01

This study was carried out to investigate the changes in the levels of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), g-glutamyl transpeptidase (g-GT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosfokinase (CPK), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB), total protein (TP), triglyceride, albumin and glucose in sheep experimentally poisoned with selenium. In this study. 18 sheep ai the weight of 50-55 kg were used. Selenium was given intramuscularly at the doses of 0.2 and 0.6 mg/kg. The blood samples were collected at 0.5. 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72. 120 and 240!h hours. These samples were analysed for the levels of AST, ALT, GGT. ALP. LDH, CPK, TB, DB. TP, triglyceride, albumin and glucose. In conclusion, selenium caused to increase the levels of AST. ALT, ALP, LDH, CPK, TB, DB and TP in serum of sheep with the experimentally induced selenium poisoning. In contrast, selenium decreased the levels of glucose in serum of sheep.

Effects of Fasciola Hepatica Invasions on Iron Copper and Zinc Levels in Liver and Kidney of Lambs

Zeki Kanay, Doğan Kurt, Bülent Elitok, Cihat Güzel, Orhan Denli — 2001-04-01

Fasciola hepatica is an important disease of livestock and wild ruminants (especially destroyed tiver and bile ducts), and causing significant morbidity with grave economic losses. Due to the fact that liver have important roles metabolic roles, the amounts of liver zinc, copper and iron concentrations may have altered in lambs during Fasciola hepatica invasion. The study materials were consisted 20 liver and kidney specimens belong to iambs with Fasciola hepatica slaughtered (infected group) in Diyarbakır Et ve Balık Kurumu Slaughterhouse and 20 liver and kidney specimens came from healthy lambs . We measured copper, iron and zinc levels in livers and kidneys by using Atomic Absorbtion Spectrometry. The data of trace elements were expressed in rng/g/wet weight. The value for liver copper (Cu) (441.514 mg/g} was not found a significant decreasing (p> 0.05) when compared the control group (42.473 mg/g). The values for liver ferrum (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentraions (respectively; 23.674 and 15.569 mg/g) was found a significant decreasing (respectively; p< 0,05 and p>0.001) when compared the control group (respectively: 31.785 and 22.730 mg/g ) . The values for kidney Cu, Fe and Zn was not found a significant decreasing (p> 0.05) when compared the control group The results of this study indicated thai Fasciola hepatica invasion might have had some effects on liver Fe and Zn concentrations, but not liver Cu concentration. Therefore, no significant differences were found in Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations when compared the control group.

Investigation of Persistant Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) Infection at the Pregnant Cows and Their Calves bv Immunoflourescence and Immunperoxidase Tests

Orhan Yapkıç, Sibel Yavru — 2001-04-01

Blood samples which were collected with and without EDTA were taken from 62 prenatal pregnant cows, from both cows and precolostral calves at the time of birth and, after approximately 3 months, from postnatal calves which were all present in a private management in this research. Direct immunoflourescence (DIF) and direct immunperoxidase (DPLA) tests were used for virus isolation from leucocyte samples, serum neutralisation test was used to detect antibodies against BVDV. Viral antigen wasn't delected in BVDV from first and second blood samples obtained both all pregnant cows and all calves. By SN testing which was used to detect antibodies against BVDV. while all the pregnant cows were found to be positive after both sampling, 7 precolostral calves were positive and 55 precolostral calves were negative all the calves, from which the second sampling was carried out approximately during 3 months after birth, were detected as positive. SN₅₀ titers of the pregnant cows from which sera samples were collected before birth were noted between 1/7,5 and 1/160≤ However, SN₅₀ titers of sera taken from cows just after giving birth were detected between 1/7,5 and 1/160≤ The sera samplss obtained from 7 precolostral - seropositive calves immediately following birth, SN₅₀ titers were lound to be between 1/20 and1/120. The samples taken from calves within 3 months after birth SN₅₀ tilers were detected between1/5 and 1/160.

The Seroepidemiologic Investigation of Bovine Adenovirus Typel, 2 and 3 (BAV-I, 2 and 3) Infections in Cattle

Sibel Yavru, Atilla Şimşek, Oya Levent — 2001-04-01

In this study, seroprevalence of BAV-1-2-3 infections was investigated in different regions of Turkey. A total of 986 blood sera from cattle in middle (567 blood sera), south (145 blood sera), southeast (176 blood sera) and east Anatolia regions (98 blood sera) were screened for presence of neutralizing antibodies and titers againsl BAV-1,2 and 3 by microneutralization test (mNT). The number of seropositive cattle were 263 (26.67 %) ol 986 for BAV-1, 197 (19,98 %) of 986 for BAV-2 and 190 (19.27 %) of 986 for BAV-3. BAV type 1, 2 and 3 antibodies were observed in 22.05 %, 16.93 % and 19.40 % of 567 blood sera from middle Anatolia; in 31.72 %, 21.38 % and 17.24 % of 145 blood sera from south Anatolia; in 31.25 %, 24.43 % and 20.45 % of 176 blood sera from south-east Anatolia; 37.76 %, 27.55 % and 19.39 % of 98 blood sera from east Anatolia, respectively. Titers of serum neutralizing antibodies were found 1/14.1-1/1260 for BAV-1,1/14.1-1/1060 for BAV-2 and 3. 35.90% of the cattle had antibodies to only one type of BAV. 10.64 % of sera had antibodies to two types of BAV and 2.83 % of sera had antibodies to BAV type 1, 2 and 3. However antibodies to BAV type 1, 2 and 3 were not detected in 50.60 % of 986 sera.

The Possibility Using of Turkey and Chicken Meats on the Traditional Pastrami Production

Yusuf Doğruer — 2001-04-01

In this resarch it was aimed to determine the chemical and microbiological qualities of pastrami produced lom turkey and chicken meat by traditional methods and to compare these properties with cattle meat pastrami. According to the chemical analysis results significant differences were found in protein, (at. ash and salt contets during all of Ihe period in the pastramies produced from turkey, chicken and cattle meat and also there were significant differences in pH values and moisture content in all periods except alter coating with çemen. The result of microbiological examinations showed that there were significantly differences on total mesophil aerob and Staphylococcus-Micrococcus number in all periods, a significantly difference was determined in the mold and yeast number in all periods excepl after salting and all the periods after coating with çemen a significant difference on Lactobacillus number was seen and also a difference was seen on Enterobactericeae number before salting. No growth was seen on coliform group and Salmonella species in pastrami samples. As a result, it was concluded pastrami should be produced from turkey and chicken meat having similar properties with cattle meat pastrami. While the pastrami produced from turkey and chicken meat was acceptable microbiologically, problems were determined on moisture and salt contetnt according to chemical analysis findings. New technological methods should be used to avoid the problems occured at salting and drying process.

Effects of Harvesting Corn Varieties at Varying Maturities on Silage Quality and Digestible Dry Matter yield of Corn Silages

Suphi Deniz, Hüseyin Nursoy, İbrahim Yılmaz, M. Akif Karslı — 2001-04-01

The objective ol this study was to evaluate the effects of harvesting corn varieties (Hx-947, 33-94. Frassino and Arifiye) at varying maturities on chemical composition, silage quality and digestible dry matter (DM) yields ol corn silages. Corn varieties were harvested at early-milk, milk, and dough stages and were ensiled in mini-silos (1L in volume) in triplicate tor each variety and maturity. Packing was accomplished by hand-power. After 60 d of incubation, silages were opened and analyzed for DM. organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF). acid detergent liber (ADF), pH, lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid concentrations, and in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD). In general, the concentrations of DM and OM increased, but NDF, ADF concentration decreased with increasing maturity in silages (P<0.05). The changes in concentration of CP were variable among corn varieties. Even though silage pH increased with increasing maturity, all silage pH were around recommended optimal pH value ol 3.5-4.5. Silage organic acid contents were generally in a desirable range (low in acetic and butyric acid and high in lactic acid content) and correlated with pH values. While IVDMD of 33-94 (77.16% and 76.80) and Frassino (79.18 and 78.48) were the highesl (P<0.05) at early-milk and milk stages, respectively, IVDMD of silages were similar at dough stage (P>0.05). 33-94 variely had the highest digestible DM yields ai early milk and milk stages (1142.4 and 1363,7 kg/da, respectively), but Arifiye variety had the highest digestible DM yield (1232.9 kg/da) at dough stage. In conclusion, while milk stage seemed to be the best harvesting stage for Rx-947, 33-94 and Frassino varieties, dough stage seemed to be the best harvesting stage for Arifiye variety based on digestible DM yields.

The Studies on Virus Isolation From Feces in Calves

Sibel Yavru, Atilla Şimşek — 2001-04-01

In this study, 100 feces samples from 0-1 old year calves with clinical sign of respiratory and digestive systems, fever and acut diarrhae symptom in eight private managements of Konya and its arround were used for virus isolation studies in sensitive cell cultures and checked for BAV 1,2 and 3. As a result of inoculation of 100 feces samples onto foetal calf kidney cell cultures, 2 viruses were isolated. The isolated viruses were identified as BAV-1 by cross microneutralization test with rabbit hyperimmun sera. Blood serum samples from these animals were tested using microneutralization test tor neutralizing antibody to BAV 1, 2 and 3. The presence of neutralizing antibody was detected in 17 out of 100 blood sera (17%) against BAV-1, in 21 (21%) against BAV-2 and in 23 (23%) against BAV-3. Serum neutralization 50 (SNso) values of seropositive animals were detected to be 1/14.1-1/531, 1/14.1-1/316 and 1/ 14.1-1/531 for BAV-1,2 and 3 respectively.

A Comparative Study on the Some Haematological Parameters of Sakız, Karayaka and Crossbred of Sakız X Karayaka CI Sheep

Şevket Arıkan, Arzu Yiğit, Halil Akçapınar, Nurgül Zengin, Umut Taşdemir — 2001-04-01

This study was conducted to compare the haematological parameters of Sakız male and Karayaka female with crossbred of Sakız X Karayaka male and female sheep. In the present study, 38 healthy sheep (7 male Sakız, 9 female Karayaka, and 15 female and 7 male crossbred sheep) were used. Blood samples obtained from the animals were analysed for erythrocyte (RBC) and leucocyte (WBC) numbers, haemoglobin concentrations (Hb). haematocnt values (PCV), sedimentation rates and percentages ot lymphocytes, neutrophyls, monocytes, eosinophyls and ba-sophyls. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were also calculated. As a result, in order to establishing normal haematological values of Sakız, Karayaka and crossbred of Sakız X Karayaka sheep, present results also indicate that some of blood parameters of crossbred sheep were dilferenl from the some Turkish sheep breeds. Haematological parameters of crossbreed sheep were most likely similar to Sakız sheep from which 75% of genotype of crossbreed sheep were earn.

Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Turkey Pastırami Consumed in Konya

Yusuf Doğruer, Ahmet Güner — 2001-04-01

In Ihis research, chemical and microbiological qualites of 50 turkey pastırma samples consumed in Konya were determined. As a result of the microbiological analysis, total mesophilic aerob , Lactobacillus. Staphylococcus-Micrococcus and yeast and mold number of turkey pastırma were determined as 5.38, 4.20, 5,01 and 0.21 Iog10 cfu/g respectively. No coliform groub, Enlerobactericeae and Salmonella batcreria were found. In the consequence of the chemical analysis, the avarege ol moisture, fat. ash, salt contents and pH value were determined as 48.36, 2.42. 7.67 7.95 % and 5.93 respectively. In conclusion, turkey pastramies consumed in Konya are convenient with Turkish Standart and Regulation microbiologically, but with 94% moisture content, %100 salt content and pH value 38% ol samples were not convenient wilh Turkish Standart and Regulation chemically.

Investigation of the Role of AfterhyperpolarizaÜon Potential in the Formation of the Electrical Signals in Some Brain cells of Mouse, Rat and Helix Aspersa

Ramazan Bal — 2001-04-01

In this study, using the double and sharp microelectrodes and patch clamp techniques, intracellular recordings were performed in the neurons of mice cochlear nucleus, rat inferior colliculus and subesophagial ganglia ol Helix aspersa in vitro. In these neurons, alter hyperpolarization potential (AHP) consisted ol fast (f-AHP), medium (m-AHP) and slow (s-AHP) phases. Occasionally, alter depolarization potential (ADP) was observed. The amplitude of the AHP varied depending upon the types of cells (could be as big as 25 mV). The possible role of the AHP was investigated by enjecting hyperpolarizing currents before depolarizing neurons. Consequently, it was observed thai preconditioning hyperpolarizing current caused the firing patterns of the neurons.

Comparative Macroanatomical Investigations on (he Veins Superficial and Profund of Ihe Head in Akkaraman Sheep and Angora Goat

Hakan Yalçın, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz — 2001-04-01

Eight Akkaraman sheep and eight Angora goat provided Konya environment were used in this study. Investigation ol these materials was used Latex, Mettıymethacrylate and Baryum Sultat. It was observed that in the course of the external jugular vein in jugular groove receives the superficial cervical vein, cephalic vein, medial thyroid vein, cranial thyroid vein, occipital vein, linguofacial vein and maxillary vein. It was observed that linguofacial veins was formed by joining lingual and maxillary veins at the caudal level of mandibular angle, tt was determined that the pterygoid plexus formed by the palatinal veins, masseteric vein, buccal vein and pterygoideal veins while pharyngeal veins, inferior alvolar vein and profund temporal vein directly joined maxillary vein.

The Macroanatomic Investigations on the Branches of the Femora) Artery in the Rats

Bumin Emre Teke — 2001-04-01

In this study, the branches of the femoral artery were investigated. For this purpose, five male and five female adult rats were used. Coloured latex was injected to the abdominal aortae. It was seen that, the femoral artery which distal continued of the external iliac artery to the popliteal region from the femoral spatium, branched to the pro-fund lemoral artery, superficial epigastric artery and descending artery between the femoral spatium and popliteal region. Furthermore, it was observed that the popliteal artery and saphenous artery arised from the femoral artery at the popliteal region. It was established that, not to be found the caudal tibial artery in the rats and the caudal branch formed plantar arch at the level proximal phalanxs. It was determined that, the lateral distal genicular artery, lateral proximal genicular artery, medial proximal genicular artery, cranial tibial artery and medial distal genicular artery arised Irom the popliteal artery.

Macroanatomic Investigations on the Lohation of the Lungs and Broncho-Pulmonary Segments in the Angora Rabbit

Bumin Emre Teke — 2001-04-01

Twelve adult male rabbits were used to investigate the lung lobalion and broncho-pulmoner segmentation. It was observed that there was no lobuli pulmonis on the facies externa of the both pulmones, pulmones formed 0.45% of the body weight and Ihe ralio of pulmo dexter to pulmo sinister was aproximately 3/5. It was found that pulmo dexter and sinister are consisted of four and two lobes respectively and lobus caudalis was the largest part of the both pulmones. A single lobe as big as a chickpea was seen on the facies diaphragmalica of the pulmo dexter in lour of the animals (33.3%). A sulcus was aproximately three mm dept which is lining trom dorsal to ventrocaudal was observed on the facies medialis ol the lobus caudalis of the pulmo sinister and a formation like a lamina on the lobus caudalis was seen due to this sulcus in five of the rabbits (41.6%). It was determined that bronchus principalis dexter and sinister consisted ol four and two bronchus respectively; the di«

Musculus Extensor Digitorum Brevis in Dog

İsmail Türkmenoğlu — 2001-04-01

In this Study, musculus extensor digitorum brevis forming variation in dog was examined. Twelve dogs of different age, weight and sex were used for the study. Musculus extensor digitorum brevis originates from Ihe cranial and distal part of the calcaneus. It consist of the three heads. Of the three terminal tendons, the medial, intermediate and lateral ones were observed to go to the phalanx proximalis of digit II, digits III and IV. phalanx media of digit IV respectively. In a case, the tendon of caput mediale was determined to terminate in Ihe phalanx proximalis of digits II and III.

A Pathological, Bacteriological and Serological Approach to Leg Problems in Broilers

Deniz Mısırlıoğlu, K, Tayfun Çarlı, Aiper Sevimli, Metin Petek — 2001-04-01

Leg problems in 4 flocks having 4443. 6154, 6070 and 6200 birds, respectively in a commercial broiler farm wore investigated in this study, A total o( 72 lame chickens was selected randomly of the 3th week of age and examined pathologically, bacteriologically and serologically. At the end of production, the total mortality rates in Ihe flocks were calculated as 10,46%, 10.33%, 9.83%, 10.61%, respectively. The rates ol leg problem- related deaths in the total deaths of the flocks were 15.48%, 14.77%, 16,75%, 12.15%, respectively. Escherichia coli (27.94%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.35%), Salmonella enteritidis (1.47%) and Enlerobacter spp (1.47%) were isolated from the affected joints. Anti-Reovirus and Mycoplasma gallisepticum antibodies were not detected. Pathological examination showed evidence ot purulent tenosynovitis, femoral head lesions, osteomyelitis and septicemia.

Vlacroanatomica! Studies at the Nervus Splanchnicus Major et Minor in Sheep

Ismail Türkmenoğlu, Nejdet Dursun — 2001-04-01

In this study, the formation and courses of nervus splanchnicus major et minor were observed in sheep. Six sheep in different age and sex were used. Nervus splanchnicus major and minor were determined to arise from the fibres of the thirteenth thoracic and first lumbar sympathetic ganglion of the sympathetic ganglion respectively. In a case it was the observed that n. splanchnicus major arised from the first and n. splanchnicus minor from Ihe second lumbar sympathetic ganglion in both sides. In another one n. splanchnicus major was observed to consisted of the fibres from T11-13. thoracic sympathetic ganglion In both sides.

Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma in a Van Cat

Zabid Yener, Mehmet Tütüncü, Hayati Yüksel, Hasan Akkan — 2001-04-01

In this report, a case of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma was described in a 4-years-old female Van cat. Grossly, multiple 1-3 mm greyish-nodules were found throughout all the lung lobes. The tumor implantations were also observed as numerous firm greyish-white nodules of 1-5 mm in si2e in diaphragm and parietal pleura. Metastases were lound in the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. Microscopically, the lumor cells were arranged as papillary and glandular slructure. immunohistochemically, some tumor markers, such as cytokeratin, vimentin, car-cinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alfa-1-antitripsin, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was investigated From these, cytokeratin and PCNA were found to be positive.

Immunnohistochemical Determination of Calbindin Distribution in Gastrointestinal Tract Organs and Pancreas, and in Hypophysis, Adrenal Medulla and Kidneys of Guinea Pigs

Berrin Gençer Tarakçı, Sema Timurkaan — 2001-04-01

The distribution ol calbindin in thyroid, parathyroid, piluilary and adrenals, and in gastrointestinal tract epilhelium, pancreas and in Ihe kidney has been investigated immunohistochemically using an antiserum raised against the 28k Da calbindin from chicken duadenum. Epithelial cels of paralhyroid, adren, ileum and calan tailed to react with the antibodies, atthouqh immunoreactıvıty was found in kidney tubules, panereane endocrine cells, thyroid, pituitary and in the epithelial cells of slomach and duodenal mucosa. This Jocalizalian is suggested to be in a role for calbindin in the mechanisms of caıcrum mediated enoocnne cell situmulalion or of intracellular and extracellular calcium homeostasis.

Congenital Aplasia of Left Kidney in a Brown Layer Chicken

Alper Sevimli, Deniz Mısırlıoğiu — 2001-04-01

This paper reports a case of aplasia of left kidney encountered in a fifteen-week old Brown layer (Isa Brown) chicken in a commercial farm in Bursa region. At necropsy it was seen that the left kidney was absent and that a abnormally shaped and dilated corresponding ureter was present. There was mild hyperthrophy ot the right kidney. In additon, evidence of fibrinous pericarditis, perihepatitis and amyloidosis in the liver and spleen was seen at macroscopical and microscopical examination.

The Treatment of Anoestrus and Suboestrus in Dairy Cattle and Heifer Using a Progesterone Releasing Intravaginal Device (PRID)

Sait Şendağ, H. Ahmet Çelik, İbrahim Aydın, Mehmet Çolak, Seyit Ümütlü — 2001-04-01

The objectives ol this study were to determine the effect of PRID (Progesterone Releasing Intravaginal Device) on heifers and cows with anoestrus and suboestrus. Eight heifers and 12 cows were inserted a PRID for 10 days. A single injection of 500 mcg Cloprostenol. PGF2 alpha analogue, on the day removal of PRID. All animals inseminated three times at 48, 72 and 96 h following removal of PRID. Pregnancy rate in animals with anoestrus and suboestrus were 81.8 % and 62.5 % respectively, while onset of the oestrus occurence in animals with anoestrus and suboestrus were 91.7 % and 100 % respectively. The onset of the oestrus and pregnancy rates in all animals that PRID application were 95.0 % and 73 6 % respectively. The findings indicate that the use of PRID is effective for treatment of animals with anoestrus and suboestrus.

Dirofilariasis Complicated with Purulent Meningoencephalitis in a Dog

Ramazan Durgut, Uçkun Sait Uçan, Emine Özlem Ateşoğlu — 2001-04-01

In this study, a dog brought with a complaint ol turning around was evaluated. Clinical examinations revealed a marked weakness in the femoral pulsation, eodema developed in the tarsal and carpal regions and wounds in the skin. It was observed that the haematocrit values increased by 66%. In thick blood smears, in ava rag e 7-8 Di-roflaria larvae were seen in each viewable area when viewed with the 100X objective. In the analysis ol the blood: the levels of urea, albumin, glucose, creatinin, ALT. ALP and LDH were found to be in the normal range. In the necropsy, marked dilatations in the right chamber of the heart were observed and 20 mature Dirofilaria immitis (ranging 18-20 cm) were seen. Brain looked hyperemic and bulgy and menings appeared cloudy. Hislopathological examinations showed that oedema, fibrin and thickining in the menings and numerous erythrocytes in the blood vessels of the menings. In these regions, there were condense mononuclear cell and neutrofil leucocyte infiltrations. The brain tissue under the menings involved with the infection (substantia grisa region only), severe necrose, condense mononuclear cell, neutrofil leucocyte infiltrations and also dense gitter cell proliferation were detected. In the brain tissue. Staphylococcus aureus was identified by bacteriological examinations. In conclusion, by carrying out clinical, biochemical, heamatological, microbiological and histological examinations, the case was diagnosed as drofilariasis complicated with purulent meningoencephalitis.

Relationship between Mammary Papillomatosis and Mastitis in Cows

Ali Rişvanlı, Cahit Kalkan — 2001-04-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mammary papillomatosis and mastitis in cows. A total of 1249 cows (396 Brown-Swiss, 338 Holstein, 31 Simental. 355 hybrid. 6 Jersey and 123 local strain) aged between 2-16 were used as subjects. The presence of mastitis was determined by clinical examination, CMT and microbiological examinations. Then, this data were compared with mammary papillomatosis rates. In conclusion, il was determined that the incidence of mammary papillomatosis was 13.37%. In 45.99 percent of these cows, papillomatosis were accompanied with mastitis. However, the rate of mastitis was higher in Simmental breed cows with papillomatosis than other breeds. The incidence of mammary papillomatosis was low in Jersey breed cows. Additional, mammary papillomatosis was found to be lowest in cows of 2-4 aged group. There was no difference between cows regarding to the rale of mastitis when their ages were considered.

Histologic and Histochemical Studies On The Palpebra Tertia of Holstein and Brown Swiss Cows

Murat Boydak — 2001-04-01

The aim of study was lo determine histological structure of both nictitating membrane, itself and, its glands, to evaluate possible contribution lo the local immunity of the eye itself and the basic histological knowledge to be used as reference out on local interventions. For Ihese purposes a comparative histochemical and light microscopic evaluation of PT was carried out on the both sexes in Brown Swiss and Holstein cows. The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS).alcian blue pH=2.5 (AB) and PAS/AB at pH=2.5 combined staining was used to histochemical properties in Ihe glands of the PT.lt was observed thai Ihe PT of cows investigated had an "T" shaped hyaline cartilage, so-called cartilago palpebra tertia (KPT) which was covered with the continuation of conjunctival epithelial tissue in the medial canthus in cows.The epithelia of the both palpebral and bulbar faces, and free marginal aspect of the PT were stratified squamous epithelium as in conjunctiva.GII. palpebra tertia superficialis (GPTS) was observed as lobes surrounded by connective tissue capsule located around the KPT.AIthough the gll. palpebra tertia profundus (GPTP) were observed in the cow, it was lack of the histological and histochemical properties of the Harderian gland. The cows investigated wide lymphocytic infiltration areas were observed m the connective tissue. Especially, cows the areas formed lymphoid follicles in the fornix conjunctiva and lamina propria of the palpebral and bulbar aspects ol the PT.Branched tubuloalveolar construction of GPTS with mix secretion was found in cows. Varying degrees of pigmentation was observed over the free margin, palpebra I and bulbar aspects ol the PT in cows Elastic.reticular and collagen fibers were observed under Ihe epithelium and deeper parts of the lamina propria,Plasma cells were lound in groups in the connective (issue of the free margin,palpebral and bulbar aspects.and intralobular and interlobular interstitium of the GPTS and GPTP, Myoepithelial cells were found to be located in the corpus glandulae and walls ol the ducts systems of both GPTS and GPTP.