Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2011; 27(3)

Investigation of carbonic anhidrase 1 (CA 1) and malic enzyme (ME) in Acıpayam sheep by using starch gel electrophoresis

Ümmühan Özdemir, Mehmet Nizamlıoğlu — 2011-09-01

Aim: For the determination of genetic structure of Acipayam Sheep, two enzyme loci were studied by using starch gel electrophoresis; carbonic anhidrase 1 (CA 1) and malic enzyme (ME). Materials and Methods: In this study, blood samples were taken from 50 sheeps in "Denizli Acıpayam State Farm". Hemolysates were examined by electrophoresis. Tris-ED-TA-Borat pH:8.6 buffers were used for both of the enzymes. In staining after electrophoresis, MUA, acetone, agar noble, phosphate buffer pH:6.5 was used for carbonic anhidrase 1. NADP, MTT, PMS, DL Malic acid, MgCl2, NaOH, agar noble, Tris-HCl pH:8.0 buffer was used for malic enzyme. Bands were observed in ultraviolet lamps for CA 1 and appropriate light condition for ME. Results: No polymorphism was observed for the CA 1 enzyme. All sheep were found to be homozygote for the same allele. For ME loci, population were observed polymorphism, having F, FS and S bands, the difference between F and S bands in ME loci were unimportant (p>0.05) and allels were determined in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusion: In this study, ME polymorphism was observed but no polymorphism was determined for CA 1 locus. It was concluded that it is necessary to investigate other enzymes in terms of polymorphism.

Three-dimensional reconstruction from computed tomography images of respiratory system in New Zealand rabbits

Mustafa Orhun Dayan, Kamil Besoluk — 2011-09-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to produce three-dimensional reconstructions of organs of the respiratory system obtained from computed tomography images, and also to determine the biometric parameters of the organs studied. Materials and Methods: A total of 6 New Zealand white rabbits were used. Computed tomographic imaging was performed under general anaesthesia with the rabbits in the prone position. Axial images obtained from computed tomography were stored in DICOM format. Three-dimensional reconstructions were produced using MIMICS® 12.1 computer software. The volume and surface area of the organs of the respiratory system were calculated automatically by the software. Results: The surface area and the volume of the respiratory system were 22447 mm² and 68028 mm³ , respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained using the technology applied in this study may be a key to future investigations and to a new approach to anatomical science.

Morphometric investigations of fresh and fixed rabbit kidney

Durmuş Bolat, Sadullah Bahar, Muhammet Lutfi Selçuk, Sadettin Tipirdamaz — 2011-09-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of formalin fixation on the morphometry of kidneys, and to assess the volume and fractions of its constituents using the Cavalieri principle. Materials and Methods: In this study, kidneys of nine healthy male White New Zealand rabbits were used. After weighing the kidneys, craniocaudal length, and mediolateral and dorsoventral diameters of fresh kidneys were measured with digital calipers, and the volume of each kidney was estimated using Archimedes' principle. The fresh kidneys were kept in a container of 10% formalin solution for 15 days. The Cavalieri principle was utilized for the determination of volume and the volume fraction of renal constituents. Results: The differences in the dorsoventral diameter of fresh (15.8±0.26 mm) and fixed (14.8±0.32 mm) right kidneys were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). The relative organ weights were determined to be 0.38±0.02% and 0.38±0.01% for the left and right kidneys, respectively. After formalin fixation, the weights of the left and right kidney increased by 7.33% and 7.56% respectively, and an increase in volume was determined between fresh and fixed left (7.13%, p<0.05) and rightkidneys (3.34%, p>0.05). Conclusion: It is believed that obtained morphometric data will contribute to studies involving the investigation of kidney diseases using invasive and non-invasive methods.

Effect of storage time and different mineral forms on vitamin stability

Süleyman Tekelioğlu, Emel Gürbüz, Behiç Coşkun, Fatma İnal — 2011-09-01

Aim: This research was made to determine the effect of storage time and inorganic and organic minerals on vitamin stability in vitamin-mineral premixes. Materials and Methods: In experiment, groups were divided into three main groups for determination vitamin stability. Groups consist of control, organic trace minerals and inorganic trace minerals. Premixes were stored for one year and vitamin A, E, K, C, thiamine and niacin analyses were made for determination vitamin stability. Results: Vitamin stability was lower in inorganic minerals group than the control and organic mineral groups. There were statistically difference (p<0.05) in vitamin stability for vitamin K from second month, for vitamin A, C, thiamine from fourth month and for vitamin E and niacin from ninth month. Conclusion: The use of inorganic forms of mineral in vitamin-mineral premixes show a negative effect on the vitamin stability. The use of organic forms of minerals will help protect the vitamin stability.

Potency of Rhodococcus equi culture filtrate supernatant proteins antigen for skin test in the diagnosis of Rhodococcus equi in foals

Kareema Al-Salihi — 2011-09-01

Aim: This study was designed to developing skin test proteins antigen prepared from Rhodococcus equi isolates. Materials and Methods: Ten Arabian foals experimentally infected with R equi were injected intradermaly with 0.1 mL (12.5 µg/mL) Rhodococcus antigen and 0.1 mL PBS as control each treatment at one side of neck region, while 10 healthy foals had the same treatment and used as control group. Skin thickness was measured prior and at 24, 48 and 72 hours post injection by skin caliber. Skin biopsy was taken from the site of reaction at 72 hours post injection. Results: All infected foals had slightly skin reaction at 24 hours, and maximum skin reaction was determined at 72 hours post inoculation. Inflammatory cells including macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils were present in the sections prepared from biopsy obtained from positive skin reaction. All control foals revealed no visible reaction in the site of injection. Conclusion: Partially purified Rhodococcus-culture antigen is potential diagnostic antigens able to detect foals previously infected or exposed to R. equi infection. Our data provide a promising basis for the future development of screening diagnostic skin tests for R equi infection in infected farms.

Antibiogram profile of Escherichia coli isolated from migratory birds

Ferdaus Mohd. AltafHossain, Md. Mukter Hossain, Md. Taslim Hossain — 2011-09-01

Aim: The aim of the study was to conduct the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility test of Escherichia coli isolated from the migratory birds available in winter season at Hakaluki Haor (lagoon) of Bangladesh Materials and Methods: A total of 100 Escherichia coli strains were isolated and subjected for in vitro antibiotic susceptibility test. Colistin sulphate, gentamicin, azithromycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, amoxicillin and metronidazole were used to detect the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of those isolates. The antibiogram status of each antibiotic was determined by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition due to the diffusion of the agent into the medium surrounding the disc. Results: A high of 96%, 89% and 88% Escherichia coli isolates showed the sensitivity to colistin sulphate, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, respectively, followed by azithromycin (79%), gentamicin (77%), amoxicillin (63%) and tetracycline (46%). No isolate was sensitive to metronidazole. Conclusion: Colistin sulphate, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin have the potential effects against Escherichia coli in migratory birds and further study should be performed to evaluate the cross linkage of this Escherichia coli isolate with that of found in other poultry and human.

Determination of aflatoxin existence in mixed feed, wheat flour and bulgur samples

Halis Oğuz, Ferhan Nizamlıoğlu, İffet Dinç, Kamil Üney, Hasan Aydın — 2011-09-01

Aim: The main goal of this study was to determine the aflatoxin (AF) contamination in mixed feed, wheat flour and bulgur samples collected from Konya, Karaman and Mersin provinces. Materials and Methods: A total of 570 samples including 150 mixed feed, 210 wheat flour and 210 bulgur samples were collected from Konya, Karaman and Mersin provinces from May 2005 to August 2006 in different seasons. The samples were analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography-Scanner methods. Results: None of wheat flour and bulgur samples were found to be positive for AF contamination. Three mixed feed samples collected from Konya region were found 1 ppb and one sample from Mersin province was found 0.5 ppb AFB1 contamination. These AF levels determined in mixed feed were found to be below from the maximum permissible level determined by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ofTurkey. Conclusion: In this study, the results of analyses in the feed, wheat flour and bulgur samples were evaluated as a satisfying result for public health and animal production. Preventive measures are very important before contamination of feeds and foods by AF. There is need for continued awareness campaigns among consumers, producers and export-importers on the risks associated with exposure to AF. Continuous surveillance program may be warranted to monitor regularly the occurrence of AF in sensitive foods and foodstuffs which consumed by human.

Growth and some period yield characteristics of Denizli x Leghorn crosses (F₂)

2011-09-01

Aim: This study was carried out to determine some production characteristics of F₁ and F₂ Denizli x Leghorn populations including hatching weight, growth performance, live weights of the growing period, egg gravity and egg weight. Material and Methods: Ten Denizli roosters and 30 Leghorn hens were used for generation of the base population. In the first generation (F₁ , 15 males and 68 females were produced. A total of 475 males and 451 females were produced in the second generation (F₂ ), and whose production data were evaluated based on the 32 weeks of periods. Results: In F₂ population, numbers and percentages of egg yield were found to be 99.61 and 56.21% in the first 180-day period. Hatching weights were determined as 40.94 and 30.80 g in F₁ and F₂ generations, respectively. Significant differences were observed in weights of F₁ and F₂ animals at the growing period (p<0.001). In addition, the second generation live weights were measured as 1814.60 g in females and in 1900.00 g in males at the end of 32nd week (p<0.001). Egg weight and specific gravity values were calculated as 47.81 g and 1.08 respectively in the F2 population. Conclusion: It was concluded that Denizli breed, a native genetic resource, seems to be suitable and candidate chicken breed for future hybridization studies. Furthermore, there is need for further detailed studies to evaluate Denizli crosses with layer or broiler breeds for this production characteristic.

Effect of fattening length, sex and feather colour on growth and fattening performance in native Turkish geese

Mustafa Saatçi, Cavit Arslan, Yücel Ünal, Muammer Tilki, Ali Rıza Aksoy — 2011-09-01

Aim: Study was undertaken to determine the intensive fattening performance of native Turkish geese and to underline the effects of fattening length, sex and feather colour on fattening performance. Materials and Methods: Total 145 daily goslings were used in the experiment. Birds divided into four groups according to their feather colour in each fattening (10 and 12 weeks) period. Birds with wing tags were individually weighed and all the birds were weighted weekly according to their groups. Results: There was not any statistical significance between the fattening groups (10 and 12 weeks) in term of weekly liveweight (p>0.05). Effects of both feather colour and sex on liveweight have started at the fifth week and continued until at the end of the fattening periods (p<0.05). The highest liveweight gain was observed in yellow geese while the lowest liveweight gain was in piebalds. Obtained results provided additional information on the growth pattern of native Turkish geese reared under the intensive condition. Yellow feather coloured geese reached to greater live-weights than the others. Conclusion: Observed lower liveweight gain and increasing food consumption do not allow the breeders to fatten the native Turkish geese under the intensive condition after 9-10 weeks of age.

A horse with ossifying fibroma on mandible

Mustafa Arıcan, Mustafa Ortatatlı, Hanifi Erol, Özgür Kanat, Orhan Yavuz — 2011-09-01

In this case report, 7 years old, female, weighted 300 kg, the Rahvan horse which brought to Department of Surgery, Faculty ofVeterinary Medicine Clinic with, ossifying fibroma at the right ramus mandible; clinical, radiological, laboratory and histopathological findings were presented.