Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1994; 10(1-2)

(Monitoring of the luteolytic effect of a reduced dose of cloprostenol applications by estrus signs and plasma progesterone levels in cows.)

1994-01-01

In this study, the effectiveness of a reduced dose of cloprostenol injected by inlravutvo-submucosal route was evaluated for estrus induction and luteolysis in cows. The study was carried out on 43 Brown Swiss cows, age ranging 3 to 5 years old. Firstly, allcows were injected 500 mcg of cloprostenol by intramuscular route. On the 11 th. day, cows in the first group (n: 38). Were reinjected 125 mcg of cloprostenol by intravulvo submucosal route and the remaining cows ir, the second group (n:5) were administered an injection of 500 meg cloprostenol intramusculary. Blood samples to determine the plasma progesterone levels were collected on the day of second injection and four days thereafter from 9 and 5 cows in the first and second groups, respectively. According to the obtained results; estrus rates in first and second groups were 26.3 and 100 %, respectively. On the basis of the 7 cows inseminated in the first group, pregnancy rate was 57.1 %. Progesterone levels of the cows in the first group decreased after the second injection. Although a slight decrease in progesterone levels was monitored in the cows with no luteal regression, it was never below 1 ng/ml. The progesterone levels of the cows in the first group with luteolysis showed a sharp decline compared to the control group. As a result, application of 125 meg of cloprostenol injection into vulvar sub mucosa induced estrus and luteolysis in cows. It was concluded that the higher doses of cloprostenol administrations by intravufvo-submucosal injections may provide better results in cows.

Macroanatomical investigations on the anastomose and intrahepatic segmentation of the hepatic artery in dog

Memduh Gezici — 1994-01-01

Hepatic arteries ot twelve mongrel dogs, different sex and ages, were studied. TakiIon were injected to the hepatic artery in twelve dogs and corrosion were taken. Blood supply and anastomose were investigated in those animals. The hepatic artery varieties were determined in twelve animals. In seven dogs (% 58.33) the anastomose were observed between hepatic lobes.

Macroanatomical investigations on the lymphatic drainage of the uterus in Akkaraman sheep

Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Necdet Dursun, Hasan Erden, Zafer Daşçı, İsmail Türkmenoğlu — 1994-01-01

In this study, numbers and the courses of the lymph vessels providing the lymphatic drainage of the uterus were macroscopically investigated in Akkaraman sheep. In this purpose, as a material, eight Akkaraman sheep were used. The lymphatic vessels are closely associated with ovarian arterial supply. There was no direct lymph flow from the uterus to the ovary. It was seen that the lymph vessels of providing the lymphatic drainage of the uterus drained into the medial iliac lymph nodes.

Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of the Extremity and Foot Diseases of Sheep in Konya Region

Celal İzci, Yılmaz Koç, Sırrı Avki, Mustafa Kul4 — 1994-01-01

This study was undertaken to find out the extent of extremity and foot diseases of sheep in Konya region. In this study; total 10216 sheep, at the State sheep farm and private sheep farm in Konya, were examined clinically and radiologically. For the radiographic examinations, Tanka TP-20 model, portable X-ray units with a maximum power of 70 kV, 10 mA was used. Of the 10216 animals examined, 2043 (19.9 %) had foot disorders, those most commonly found being various claw abnormalities and horn fissures. The front feet were involved in 23.4 % and the hind feet in 76.6 %. Overgrowth of horn had the highest incidence (83.8 %), followed by sinusitis interdigitalis (25.3 %) and horn fissures (17.8 %). In the present study, foot lesions were observed more in females than in males. Foot abscesses, traumatic injuries and evulsion of hoof were also recorded. Foot abscess was mostly associated with interdigital dermatitis. Traumatic injuries included bruising of the sole and wounds.

Macroanatomic investigations on the formation of the portal vein in kangal dog

Nejdet Dursun, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Zafer Daşçı, Hakan Yalçın — 1994-01-01

In this study, formation of the portal vein and vessels joining to the portal vein were investigated in kangal dog. For this purpose, eight adult kangal dog were used as a material. Portal vein was formed by the splenic, cranial and caudal mesenteric veins. It was seen that, the gast-roduondenal and right gastric veins enter the portal vein. It was observed that the cranial mesenteric vein is thicker than the splenic and caudal mesenteric veins in kangal dog. The cranial mesenteric vein was formed by the caudal pancreaticoduodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, right and middle colic veins in kangal dog. The splenic vein was formed by the pancreatic vein, right and breve gastric veins and left gastroepiploic vein. The caudal mesenteric vein was formed by the left colic and cranial rectal veins in kangal dog.

Histologic and Histochemical Studies on Surface and Crypt Epithelium of Cervix uteri of The Akkaraman Sheep

Ülker Eren, Reşat N. Aştı, Melih Aksoy, Kenan Çınar, Bülent Güven — 1994-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the histologic and histochemical characteristics of cervical epithelium of Akkaraman sheep. As a material. 22 cervices of ewes were used, which 10 of them were in follicular phase and 12 of them were luteal phase. It was determined that Lamina epithelialis was simple columnar type and composed of secretory and ciliated celts. The epithelium was replaced by stratified vaginal epithelium in the caudal cervix. Any glandular structure was not observed except in seven cases. In these cases, besides the glanduler structures hyperplasic focuses and squamous metaplasia were found. It was estimated that this findings appeared due to phytooestrogens or elements which have estrogenic effects. By means of histochemical methods, the cervical secret was found to be a mixture of acidic and neutral mucosubstances. The secretory material contained both neutral and acidic mucosubstance in lateral and apical parts of villi. But in crypts, carboxylated acidic mucosubstance was dominant. It was determined that carboxylated acidic mucosubstance increased especially in crypts in the follicular phase. Also it was shown that, acidic mucosubstance was dominant in the secretory material of glands.

Some Haematological Parameters, Blood Gases And Plasma Electrolytes Levels in Kangal Dogs

Ercan Keskin, Zafer Durgun, Mehmet Kocabatmaz — 1994-01-01

In this study. 7 male and 4 female healthy Kangal dogs 1-3 aged were used as a material. The required blood for haematological examination were acquired from V. cephalica antebrachii. The mean red blood cell (RBC) count, the mean haemoglobin amount (Hb) and haematocrit value (PVC) were determined to be 7.17x10⁶ /mm³ , 17.46 g/dI and 51.74 %, respectively in male dogs, while the same parameters in female dogs were found to be 6.87x10⁶ /mm³ , 16.62 g/dl and 49.08 %. respectively. On the other hand, mean corpusculer volume (MCV), mean corpusculer Hb (MCH) and mean corpusculer haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values were rather similar to each other, in male and female dogs. Blood platelet count in male dogs were determined slightly higher than female dogs whereas white cell count were found lightly higher in female than male dogs. pH, pO₂ , pCO₂ and HCO₃ levels were found to be 7.36, 46.85 mmHg. 46.96 mmHg and 23.30 mEq/L in male dogs whereas the same values were determined 7.35. 47.04, 48.28 and 23.25 in female dogs, respectively. Total CO₂ , O₂ saturation, O₂ content base excess and plasma electrolytes (Na⁺ , K⁺ , Ca⁺⁺ values determined in male and female dogs were in normal range and were close to each other.

The using of refining by-products replacing sunflower oil as energy source on laying hens

Fatma İnal, Behiç Coşkun, Nurettin Gülşen, Varol Kurtoğlu, Tahir Balevi — 1994-01-01

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of feeding laying diets supplemented with crude sunflower oil and its refining by-products (sunflower soapstock, acidulated sunflower soapstock and volatile matters) as a source of energy on their laying performance. 168 Hisex Brown hens aged 54 weeks were used. Sunflower oil and its by-products were added at 2.5 % in feeds and the experiment was conducted for twelve weeks. Addition of sunflower soapstock, acidulated sunflower soapstock and volatile matters to the diets replace sunflower oil had no significant difference on egg production, egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency and body weight. These by-products were cost approximately half of sunflower oil and their addition to diets reduced feed cost at 5 %. Sunflower soapstock, acidulated sunflower soapstock and volatile matters, compared with sunflower oil, reduced feed cost for one egg 11.07, 1.10 and 3.85 %, respectively. It was concluded that by-products from refining crude sunflower oil can be use economically replace crude oil in laying hens without adverse effect.

Determination of salicylate levels in blood and urine in the dogs

İbrahim Pirinçci, İzzet Karahan, Kadir Servi — 1994-01-01

In this study, lour female dogs their body weights from 13 to 28 kg. were used. Foley catheter was passed through the urethra and into the baldder in general anesthetized dogs Acetylsalicylic acid 25 mg/kg in Ringer lactate was given to animals. The blood and urine samples in 0, 5, 15, 30, 60. 90. 120, 180 and 240th minutes were taken. The salicylate levels in the blood and urine were determined 9.80 mg/100 ml. and 52.18 mg/100 ml. in 5th minutes, respectively. During the 240 minutes period of experiment, the salicylate levels in the blood were higher than control period level. But the salicylate levels in the urine were approximately the same control period level after 20 th minute.

The Effect of Hypothyroidism on Certain Metabolites of Blood and Ruminal Content and Body Weight Gain in The Sheep

Tufan Keçeci, Mehmet Kocabatmaz — 1994-01-01

In the experiment, the male merino lambs which were at the same age and similar body weight were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups as Control, Group 1 -A, Group 1 -8, Group 2-A and Group 2-B. During the first 3.5 month, hypothyroidism was induced in the animals except control ones by administration ol thiourea. Then, thiourea administration was lasted and potassium iodide (Kl) was given to the animals in the Group f -B and Group 2-B for 3.5 month. Both ol the total thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels decreased in the animals which were given thiourea. Because of hypothyroidism, body weight gain, ruminal pH. ruminal protozoa count and ruminal total volatile fatty acids levels decreased. However, ruminal and blood ammonia nitrogen levels and ruminal bacteria counts increased. The parameters of the animals those were given Kl. reached af the levels of control ones. In the animals not given Kl, the increase ol those parameters were at lower levels. At the end of the experiment, the mean body weight of control animals was 65 kg and the animals those were given Kl at the end of the hypothyroidism was 56 kg. Whereas, it was rather lower (45 kg) in the hypothyroidism induced but not given Kl animals. This differences in body weight gain have an economical importance.

Macroanatomical studies on the extrahepatic bile ducts of Akkaraman sheep

Memduh Gezici, Necdet Dursun, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Zafer Daşçı — 1994-01-01

Extrahepatic bile ducts of Akkaraman sheep were studied. Draining point of the choledochus duct into descendens duodenum were determined. At this level, latex was injected to the bile ducts, extrahepatic bile ducts were dissected one day after injecting. It was determined that choledochus duct consisted of cyctic duct, from lobus dexter and vesica fellea and common hepatic duct, from lobus sinister,

A Case Report of Schiff-Sherrington Syndrome in a Dog

Celal İzci, Sırrt Avki — 1994-01-01

In this case. Schiff-Sherrington syndrome which was seen in a female dog was described. Clinical, neurological and radiographic findings which is related to the case was discussed. The lesion ivas in the 12 th thoracal vertebrae, and the absence of pam perception caudal to the spinal lesion was important for prognosis. This case was conservatively treated, but responded negatively and the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy.

Macroanatornic investigations on the formation of the portal vein in Akkaraman sheep

Nejdet Dursun, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Zafer Daşçı — 1994-01-01

In this study, formation of the portal vein and vessels joining to the portal vein were investigated For this purpose, as a material, 13 Akkaraman sheep were used as as material. Portal vein was formed by the cranial mesenteric and splenic veins. As a third tributary, the gastroduodenal vein enters the portal vein. It was observed that the splenic vein is thicker than the cranial mesenteric vein in Akkaraman sheep. The splenic vein is formed by the pancreatic veins, epiploic branch, dexter ad sinister ruminal veins, reticuler vein and sinister gastric vein. It was seen that the cranial mesenteric vein is formed by the caudal pancreatic duodenal vein, jejunal veins, ileic veins, and ileocolic vein.

The Stump Pyometra case in a Karabash Bitch

D. Ali Dinç, Y. Koç — 1994-01-01

In this report, a stump pyometra case was described which had developed in a Karabasch bitch has 5 years old previously ovariohysterectomized. The diagnosis was made with aid of the real-time ultrasonography and the treatment performed surgically.

Macroanatomic investigations on the brachial plexus in Kangal dogs

Nejdet Dursun, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Memduh Gezici — 1994-01-01

In this study, the formation of the brachial plexus and the nerves arising from this plexus were investigated in Kangal dogs. For this purpose, eight Kangal dogs, in different ages and sex, were used. It was observed that the brachial plexus in the Kangal dogs were formed by the ventral branches of the sixth, seventh, eight cervical and first, second thoracic nerves. In was seen that the brachial plexus formed by the ventral branches of the sixth, seventh, eight cervical and first, second thoracic nerves in Kangal dogs. 4s a result, it was determined that the formation of the brachial plexus and the nerves arising from the this plexus in Kangal dogs were in the similar thickness to mongrel dogs.

Determination of fitter size in sheep by means of transabdominal real-time ultrasonography

Dursun Ali Dinç, İbrahim Taşal, Hüseyin Erdem, Ahmet Semacan, Semra Aral — 1994-01-01

This study tvas carried out to determine of litter size by means of 5 MHz linear-array real-time ultrasonography between days 50 and 85 of pregnancy in 75 muciparous Merino ewes. No limitation was made water and food of the ewes before examination. The ewes were examined while standing and scanning were done transabdominal^ on the right side. The ultrasonic results were compared with actual lambing. Accuracy 61.33 %, sensitivity 48.64 %. specifity 73,68 %, determination of single and-twin pregnancies 59.57 %, and 64.28 % respectively were found. Results of this study which were carried out by unexperienced operators, indicated that may be able to determine single and twin pregnancies accurately higher than 60.00 % in sheep.

Determination of HCN levels in feeds

İbrahim Pirinçci, Sadettin Tanyıldızı — 1994-01-01

In this study, HCN levels in the 30 grains and 13 feeds obtained from different regions were investigated. The HCN levels in the samples were co-lorimetrically determined the oxidation of cyanide by N-chlorosuccinimide ■ succinimide and coupling of barbituric acid-pyridine. Absorbances were measured at 580 mm. HCN levels in the samples ranged from 0.14 to 48.96 ppm.

The importance of blood proteins and glutaraldehyde coagulation test in the diagnosis and prognosis of cattie with traumatic reticuloperitonitis

Mahmut Ok,Veysi Aslan — 1994-01-01

This investigation was carried out to determine the importance ol blood protein fractions in the prognosis and the diagnosis of cattle with TRP and a practical approach was brought to diagnosis of disease by glutaraldehyde (GA) test. In this research work, twenty healhty cattle (control group), fifteen cattle with acute TRP and twenty cattle with chronic TRP (experimental group) were used as a material. The clinical (glutaraldehyde test, grund test, rectal palpation, investigation with ferr esc op, body Temperature, respiratory and pulse rates) and laboratory examinations (serum total protein, albumin, globulin, plasma fibrinogen levels, blood leucocyte counts and PCV) were performed. The differencies in WBC, fibrinogen and albumin concentration between healthy cattle and cattle with acute TRP were found to be significant (p< 0.01). The differencies in albumin (p< 0.01). fibrinogen (p< 0.05) and ration of A/G (p<0.05) between healthy and cattle with chronic TRP were found to be significant. Glutaraldehyde test was applied to all cattle with acute and chronic TRP gave positive results within 1-5 minutes. Of 35 cattle investigeted in experimental group, 1J of which were treated by surgically. 14 of which were treated medically and the remaining 10 cattle with pericarditis were sent to slaugter. The result of this research work showed that the determination of the blood protein fractions levels were given very important clues of the diagnosis of the cattle with TRP and the periods of the disease. In the mean time, application of GA test gave important clues which about the degree of inflammation.

Effect of Hypothyroidism on Some Haematoîogical Values of Merino Sheep

Tufan Keçeci — 1994-01-01

In this study, 15 merino lambs which were at the same age and similar body weight were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups as Control, Group 1-A. Group 1-B. Group 2-A and Group 2-B. During the first 3.5 month of the experiment, hypothyroidism was induced in the animals except control ones by administration of thiourea. Then, thiourea administration was lasted and potassium iodide (KI) was given to the animals in the Group 1 -B and Group 2-B for 3.5 month. In the animals which were given thiourea, the mean red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC), haemoglobin amound (Hb). hematocrit values (PVC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH'), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and lymphocytes proportion decreased (7.80x 10⁶ /mm³ , 4.42x10³ /mm³ , 7.73 gr/dl, 23.37%, 29.97 µ³ , 9.91 pgr. 33.07 % and 60.98% respectively.) However, the values of erytrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at 1st, 2nd, 24th hours, neutrophils and basophiles proportions increased (9.65 mm, 21.37 mm and 94.15 mm, 34.23% and 1.72% respectively). The mean of RBC. WBC. Hb, PVC, MCV. MCH. MCHC. the values of ESR at 1st. 2nd and 24th hours, lymphocytes, neutrophils and basophiles proportions in the animals those were given Kl were found to be 9.98X10 /mm³ , 5.33/10³ /mm³ , 10.26 gr/dl. 30.37%. 30.42µ³ , 10.28 pgr. 33.79%, 5.94 mm, 16.37 mm. 83.91 mm. 68.50%, 27.48% and 0.75% respectively. On the other hand, in the lambs not given KI, the same values were determined to be 7.90x10⁶ /mm³ , 4.63x10³ /mm³ , 7.91 gr/dl. 27.07%, 30.46 µ³ 10.01 pgr. 32.85%. 7.75 mm. 21.05 mm, 92.83 mm. 63.25%, 32.77% and 1.12% respectively.

Bacteriological evaluation of various abcess cases in Bovine

İsmail Alkan, Banur Boynukara, Hasan Solmaz, Nihat Şındak — 1994-01-01

In this study, 21 animals, ten of which were with omphalitis, were examined. Operation was done with Xylazin hydrochlorid (Rom-pun, BAYER) premedication together with local Citan est hydrochlorur (Citanest ASTRA) Samples taken pre and post-operation under sterile condition, were examined in Departmanı of Bacteriyology. The results of bacteriological exemination showed that the isolated and identified bacteria were Str. pyogenes (28,5%), Staph, aureus (28.5%) and A. pyogenes (14.2%). The an-tibiogram test results indicated that chloramphenicol was effective on 33.3 % of tested strains. Animal were treated in accordance with the antibiogram tests.

Effect of PGF2 α controlled artificial insemination on fertility in cows with or without postpartum disorders

Ahmet Semacan — 1994-01-01

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of a double application of PGF2 α on days 50 and 61 of the postpartum period on fertility parameters of the cows (n=40) with reproductive disorders and normal cows by comparing to control group (n=40). Initialy cows were divided into two groups and classified as the cows with reproductive disorders and normal cows. PGF2 α injected two times per animal on the day 50 and 61, then, cows with reproductive disorders and normal cows were divided into two subgroups, which was inseminated on the basis of observation of estrus signs or at a predetermined time. 80 hours after second PGF2 α injection. Non-pregnant cows inseminated three times consecutively were regarded as a repeat breeder. Conception rates following first insemination and overall conception rates in normal cows were 50 and 90 % in (group l-1). 30 and 80 % in (group l-2) and 35 and 75 % in (group III) respectively. The mean insemination number per pregnancy, calving-conception interval and calving interval were 1.66, 86.5 days and 373 days, 1.87, 95.5 days and 380.6 days and 1.86, 111.8 days and 398.1 days for the cows inseminated after estrus observation or at a predetermined time and control group, respectively. In the cows with reproductive disorders following first insemination conception rates and overall conception rates were 40 and 60 % in (group II-1). 30 and 60 % in (group ll-2) and 25 and 55 % in (group IV) respectively. The mean insemination number per pregnancy, calving-conception interval and calving interval were 1.50, 85 days and 376 days, 1.83, 101.5 days and 389 days and 2.0, 122.9 days and 410.4 days for the cows inseminated after estrus observation or at a predetermined time and control group, respectively. According to the obtained results, it was concluded that PGF2 α application in the postpartum period synchronized estrus, exerted a beneficial effect on the certain reproductive problems and increased the fertility rates.

A study on spermotologic features of different breeds of rams in Konya Central Animal Research Institute

Melih Aksoy, M. Bozkurt Ataman, Fikret Karaca, Abdullah Kaya, Tevfik Tekeli — 1994-01-01

In the present study spermatological features of Awassi, Akkaraman, Corriedale and Merino rams, a total of 20 animals, in a flock of Konya Central Animal Research Institute were determined. Semen samples of rams were collected by artifical vagina and examined for semen volume, individual motility, sperm concentration, live/dead and abnormal spermatozoon rates. As a result, all features of the semen samples were in normal limits but there were some differences in characteristics between the breeds.

The macroanatomical studies on the Palatina tonsil of the mongrel dog

Memduh Gezici — 1994-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the topography of palatina tonsils and their relations to the regional lymph nodes. Eleven heads of the mongrel dogs were used as materials. Following infusion of the vessels with latex, 7 of the heads were dissected to observe the topographies of palatina tonsillae. India ink was injected in to the palatina tonsillae of the remaining 4 dogs which were under anesthesia. An half hour after the injection, animals were euthanasied and then formalin (10 % for-maldehyd) was infused through the common carotid artery. Following formalin infusion, latex was also injected via both arteries and veins. Based on the observations it was concluded that the palatina tonsillae drained into the median retropharyngeal lymph nodes via efferent lymphatics. Palatina tonsillae located in a position medially to the epihyoid bone under the median pterygoids a muscle, on the apices of the epiglottis, lateraly to the soft palate and the organ was 27.05 mm. in length, 4.89 mm in thickness and 8.34 mm in widthness on awerage. During the observations the location and relationships were olso fixed by photography.

A macroanatomic study on the penis artery and it's branches in Akkaraman sheep

Nejdet Dursun Zafer Daşçı — 1994-01-01

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the anastomoses between vessels, including this subject and courses, distribution and variation of the penis artery. In this purpose, 12 Akkaraman sheep were used as a material. Latex injection was used inspection of the material. Penis artery is one of the three branches of the internal pudendal artery. It was observed that this vessels courses caudo ventrally between ischiocaveneus and bul-bospongious muscle and originate at the level of the bulbourethral gland. It was determined that the penis artery terminated to divide into the bulb of the penis artery and deep artery of the penis, bulb of the penis artery, deep artery of the penis and the left dorsal artery of the penis, bulb of the penis artery, deep penis artery and right dorsal artery of the penis, bulb of the penis artery, the deep artery of the penis, right and left dorsal artery of the penis, in six, three, two and one Akkaraman sheep respectively. It was determined that the dorsal artery of the penis anastomoses preputial branches of the superficial caudal epigastric artery at the level of the preputium and the bulb atery of the penis and deep artery of the penis distribute in the bulb of the penis and crura penis respectively.

A macroanatomic study on the arterial supply of the ovarium and uterus in Akkaraman sheep

Nejdet Dursun, Zafer Daşçı — 1994-01-01

This study was carried out to investigate arterial vessels supplying directly or indirect! the ovarium and uterus and also anastomoses between those arteries in Akkaraman sheep. For this purpose, 12 Akkaraman sheep were used as a material. For inspection of the vessels, latex injection were used to investigate the material. In Akkaraman sheep, ovaries are supplied by the ovarian arteries originated from the abdominal aort. In 16.66% of the materials investigated, ovarian artery gave rise to one uterine branch where as in 83.33 % double uterine branch were observed. In Akkaraman sheep, uterus was supplied by uterine artery originated from umbilical artery and uterine branches of vaginal and ovarian arteries. It was determined that uterian artery was single in 41.65 % of the materials, double uterine artery frequency was 58.35 %. Anastomoses were observed between uterine artery and ovarian artery at the border of the horn of the uterus and between uterine artery and uterine branch of the vaginal artery.

Interrelationships between morphometric measurements of testes and sperm

Melih Aksoy, M. Bozkurt Ataman, Fikret Karaca, Abdullah Kaya — 1994-01-01

Interrelationships between the certain morphometric sizes of testes to each others and to sperm quality were evaluated in Merino rams. The study was carried out on a total of nine rams two years old, having high fertility and nearly equal body weights. Rams were divided into three groups on the basis of testicular volume. In first (n:3) second (n:3) and third (n:3) groups testicular volume measuraments were in the range of 300-500, 500-700 and 700-900 cm³ , respectively. Four semen samples of each ram were collected with a weekly intervals and spermatologic features of rams were recorded. As a conclusion, a positive correlation between scrotal circumference, testes width and testes volume were detected. Testes length had a nonsignificant correlation with scrotal circumference and testes volume. Although spermatologic features are not different in groups containing the rams having different testes volume, a positive correlation was detected between testes length and sperm concentration per milliliter.

Die Untersuchungen der Embryotoxic-Einflüsse von Arsen in der Gonseier

Abdullah Doğan, Narin Liman, B. Cem Liman, Hüseyin Zengin — 1994-01-01

Zusammenfassung: In dieser Arbeit wurde die Embryotoxic-Einflüsse von Arsen in der ganseier un-tersucht. In der Untersuchung wurde die Eier, die 100 gr. ge-wichte und mit Embrynen haben, verwendet. Die Eier wurden 4 Gruppe. die 20, 20, 15 und 15 Eier enthalt. haben. klassifiziert. In der Eier der erst e m Gruppe wurde das Arsen Untersucht. Zur Eier der zweiten Gruppe wurde am 2 Tag von Inkübation 0.9't gem % 0.1 ml in-jiziert. Zur Eier der dirilten Gruppe wurde am 2 Tag von Inkübation 0.5 ppm Arsen injiziert und zur Eier der vi-erten Gruppe wurde am 2 Tag von Inkübation 0.1 ppm Arsen injiziert. Die Injektion wurde zum Luftsackchen gemacbt. Die Eier wurde am 27. Tag von Inkübation genau untersucht, ob die Embryonen I ebe dig sein und die Malformation zeigen. In der Ergebnisse wurde beobachtet, dass die Embryonen in den 0.5 ppm Arsen injizierten Eiern 94 % und in den 0.1 ppm Arsen injizierten Eiern 60 % Sterben. Ausserdem wurde in den beiden Gruppen die Miss-bildung betrachtet.

Effect of Hypothyroidism on The Blood Urea Nitrogen, Total Protein, Glucose and Total Cholesterol Levels

1994-01-01

In this study, the male merino lambs which were clinically healthy, at the same age and similar body weight were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups as Control, Group 1A, Group 1-B, Group 2-A and Group 2-B. During the first 3.5 month, hypothyroidism was induced except the control animals all the other by administration of thiourea at the different dose levels. Then, thiourea administration was lasted and potassium iodide (Kl) was given to the animals in the Group 1-B and Group 2-B for 3.5 month. In the animals which were given thiourea, because of hypothyroidism. urea-N and total cholesterol levels in the blood serum increased (25.58 mg/dl and 83.78 mg/dl respectively). However, glucose levels in the blood serum decreased (40.34 mg/dl). While the parameters of the animals those were given Kl, reached at the levels of control ones (mean blood serum urea-N 17.40 mg/dl, total cholesterol 55.84 mg/dl, glucose 59.00 mg/dl). it was determined that, in the lams not given Kl. the levels of those parameters were different values in proportion to the control ones (mean blood serum urea-N 23.57 mg/dl, total cholesterol 78.48 mg/dl, glucose 41.25 mg/dl). During the experiment, no s(af/s(;ca//y important differences were found among total protein levels of all groups.

The Nitrate and nitrite levels in feeds marketed in Kars region

Bilal Cem Liman, Abdullah Doğan — 1994-01-01

In this study, the contents of nitrate and nitrite in feeds marketed in Kars region were analysed. The amount of nitrate 'and nitrite in feeds were measured colorimetrically as suggested by Sen and Donaldson. The analysed feeds were beef cattle feeds (30 samples), dairy cattle feeds (40 samples), grass, feed for cattle (40 samples), straw, feed for cattle (20 samples). The levels of nitrate and nitrite in beef cattle feeds ranged from 101.2 ppm to 7714.1 ppm and from 11.2 ppm to 19.3 ppm, in dairy cattle feeds ranged from 82.1 ppm to 947.2 ppm and from 1.1 ppm to 25.4 ppm, grass ranged from 38.4 ppm to 182.1 ppm and from 0.2 ppm to 1.1 ppm, straw ranged from 13.7 ppm to 63.8 ppm and from 0.7 ppm to 1.0 ppm, respectively. According to the data obtained from scientific literature. it is concluded that the nitrate and nitrite levels determined in feeds will not give rise to acute or chronic toxicity in animals.

The preweaning growth of crossbred (Bl) Lambs derived from crossbreeding Merino, Akkaraman and Awassi native breeds with various mutton breeds

M. Emin Tekin — 1994-01-01

This study was conducted to investigate the preweaning growth of Turkish Merino (M) purebred and Lincoln (L) x (LxM), German Blackheaded Mutton (GBM) x (GBMx M). Hampshire Down (H) x (HxM), GBM x (GBM X Akkaraman (A)), H x (H x A), GBM x (GBM x Awassi (I)) and H x (H X I) Bl crossbred lambs. The data were obtained from 19, 22.23. 14. 10, 11, 9 and 12 lambs for each genotype, respectively. The lambs were fed alfalfa hay, concentrated ad libitum and suckled and then weaned at 100 days of ages. In this study, the birth weight averaged 4.5, 4.4, 4.7, 4.9. 4.2, 4.9, 4.9 and 4.6 kg for genotypes, respectively; weaning weight 23.8, 24.8, 27.5, 26.2, 24.8, 27.4, 26.6, and 26.7 kg and growth rate 201.9, 212.7, 244.3. 225.6, 196.5, 235.6, 224.9 and 230.1 g/day. For three characters, the differences between genotypes were not significant. The effect of age of dam on growth rate was significant (P<0.05) but on birth and weaning weight was not. The effect of sex of lambs on this three characters was not significant. The birth type (single/twin) has significantly affected the birth weight (P<0.01) but the weaning weight and growth rate has not. The birth weight and sucked milk have no signfhant source of variance on growth rate.

The effects of Different Dicalcium Phosphate Sources on egg yield and egg shell quality

M. Ali Azman, Behiç Coşkun — 1994-01-01

This study was conducted to investigate four different Dicalciumphosphate's (DCP) produced in Turkey and two different imported DCP's and their effects on egg production and egg shell quality of two different strain laying hens. In order to investigate the effects of P sources on egg productivity and the quality of egg shell, 480 white and 480 brown laying hence were used. The experiment took 180 days to finish and feed consumption, egg yield, egg weight, feed conversion, shell thickness, shell weight, proportion of egg shell, and abnormal eggs were determined and evaluated. Daily feed consumption was found 130,4 g as the highest level in (-) control group showing the significant differences from other groups (P<0.05) and the differences between the groups with additional P were found as non significant (P>0.05). Related to egg yield and egg weight, the groups did not show significant differences (P>0.05). The lowest and the highest feed conversion value were found as 3.38 and 2.88 ■ the (-) control and imported DCP II. respectively. Specific gravity (SG), which is used to determine the quality of egg shell, have not been affected by rations (P> 0.05). The best SG value was obtained as 1.086 in the (■) control group. The values of SG for the other ration groups were found 1.084 in the imported DCP' s and 1.082, 1.084. 1.084 and 1.084 in the domestic DCP. The ratio of shell weight / egg weight is an other criteria to determine the quality of egg shell. These proportions were calculated 9.11 and 9.14 for the imported DCP's. 8.87. 9.04, 9.07 and 9.05 for the domestic DCP's, respectively. The differences between the rations were not significant (P> 0.05). As a result, the effects of different P sources on egg yield and egg shell quality were not significant.

Breeding Performance, Slaugfer and Carcass Traits of the Broiler Hybrids which have Different Parents Weight

Kaan Muhsin İşcan, Şeref İnal, Süleyman Dere, Kemal Kırıkçı, Cafer Tepeli — 1994-01-01

In this study, the effects of different broiler parents' body weights on performance, slaughter and carcass traits were investigated in broilers. For this purpose. broiler parents were divided into three different live-weight groups at 26lh week. Broilers obtained from each group were raised along 49 days in different floor pens. Head, feet, viscera, wings, thighs, drumsticks and breast weights and some measurements of the breast were recorded at broilers slaughtered. Dressing percentages and rates of carcass parts were estimated. According to data, broilers obtained from dam of which body weight is below 3000 g and sire of which body weight is below 4000 g at sexual maturity had significantly less live-weight, carcass, thigh, drumstick, wing and breast weights than the others (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences for percentages of head, feet, wings and dressing percentages between groups.