The effect of 17β estradiol on the expression of enos and inos in ovariectomized rat uterus

eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 65 69 989 article The effect of 17β estradiol on the expression of enos and inos in ovariectomized rat uterus Oktay Yilmaz 1 Artay Yagci 2 Elmas Ulutas 3 Alper Sevimli 4 Korhan Altunbas 2 Aziz Bulbul 3 Recep Aslan 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, ANS Campus, Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, ANS Campus, Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, ANS Campus, Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, ANS Campus, Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyAim: This study was design to describe the effect of 17β estradiol on the dose-dependent expression patterns of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) enzymes by Western blotting in ovariectomized rat uterus. Materials and Methods: Female, three months old, ovariectomized, 40 Sprague–Dawley rats were used. Rats in the control group (n=10) received intramuscular injection of sesame oil once daily for 3 days, whereas rats in the experimental groups were treated with intramuscular injection of 17β estradiol 25 (n=10), 50 (n=10) and 100 (n=10) μg/rat/day. The rats were killed by cervical dislocation at 18th hour after the last injection. Immediately after death, the uterine horns were removed. The presence of eNOS and iNOS enzymes in uterine samples were analysed by Western blot and the densitometry of each film were performed. Results: It was observed that the application of 25, 50 and 100 μg/rat/day 17β estradiol increased the eNOS expression as compared to control group The relative density of eNOS expressions in 25 and 50 μg/rat/day 17β estradiol groups was higher than those in 100 μg/rat/day 17β estradiol group. Similarly to eNOS, 25 and 50 μg/rat/day 17β estradiol groups showed higher iNOS expression as compared to control and 100 μg/rat/day 17β estradiol groups. Conclusion: Estrogen may mediate the NOS/NO activity in ovariectomized rat uterus. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=989 17β estradioleNOSiNOSrat uterusovariectomy eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 70 75 990 article Determination of growth performance of the saanen kids reared in north-west mediterranean condition Aykut Asım Akbaş 1 Mehmet Çolak 1 Özkan Elmaz 1 Mustafa Saatcı 1 Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Zootekni Anabilim Dalı, Burdur, TürkiyeAim: The aim of this study was to determine the growth and some body measurements of Saanen kids reared on the northwest Mediterranean until 90th days. Materials and Methods: The research has been carried out on 136 Saanen kids which were born in 2010 and 2011. Birth weights of the kids were recorded using 50 g-sensitive precision scales within 12 hours following the birth. Kids live weights were taken from birth up to 90th days by 15 days intervals. Height at withers, rump height, body length and heart girth of kids were detected in the same period. Results: The average live weights of Saanen male and female kids on birth, 30th, 60th and 90th days were determined to be 3.42 kg and 3.16 kg, 7.92 kg and 7.86 kg, 11.39 kg and 10.82 kg, 15.35 kg and 14.60 kg, respectively. The average of zoometrical body measurements such as height at withers, rump height, body length and heart girth were detected as 52.46 cm and 51.58 cm, 52.95 cm and 52.07 cm, 52.15 cm and 51.72 cm, 51.78 cm and 51.05 cm, respectively. While birth year had an important effect on all the growth periods, sex and the birth type affected 90th day value. Also, positive and high correlations were detected between live weight and body measurements until the age that were followed up to growth. Conclusion: Consistent results can be obtained by determination of correlations between live weights and body parts measured easily. Also these correlations can be used as a criteria for early selection studies. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=990 Saanenkidlive weightbody measurements eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 76 81 991 article Investigation of mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in layer flocks by rapid serum agglutination, culture and polymerase chain reaction methods Kamile Kesler 1 Leyla Güler 2 Gülşen Orhan 3 Konya Veteriner Kontrol Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Meram, Konya, TürkiyeMehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Burdur, TürkiyeCeren Veterinerlik ve Laboratuvar Hizmetleri, Konya, TürkiyeAim: Chronic respiratory disease of chickens caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) causes significant economic losses to poultry industry due to decreased meat and egg production. In this study MG infection in layer flocks was investigated by rapid serum agglutination (RSA), culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 375 chicken sera from 15 commercial layer flocks older than 24 weeks, 25 sera per flocks, were tested by RSA. Tracheal (before and after necropsy), air sac and lung swabs of 292 samples collected from 73 chickens were tested for MG isolation. Culture broths of 292 samples and 73 tracheal swabs directly from live chickens were tested by PCR. Results: In 13 (86.6%) of 15 flocks a seropositivity rate between 12 to 100% was detected by RSA while all sera from 2 (13.3%) of flocks were found negative. MG was isolated from 3 of 73 chickens belong to 3 (20%) flocks. In 292 culture broths, 9 of 73 chickens from 7 (46.6%) flocks and in 2 of 73 tracheal swabs of live chickens from 2 (13.3%) flocks were PCR positive. Although serology was positive in majority of flocks, detection rate of microorganism or DNA was low. When evaluated with clinical findings the results indicate a presence of chronic infection in these flocks. Conclusion: In the diagnosis of MG infection of chickens, serological tests are not sufficient alone because antibodies remain for a long time after infection. Therefore, for the diagnosis of clinical infection and therapy decisions in commercial flocks, serological findings in the flock should be supported by PCR and/or culture. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=991 ChickenMycoplasma gallisepticumisolationRSAPCR eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 82 86 992 article Investigation of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus-4 in a dairy herd with naturally infected in konya Oğuzhan Avcı 1 Sibel Yavru 1 Selçuk Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Viroloji Anabilim Dalı, Konya, TürkiyeAim: The research was aimed to determine the presence of Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) and Bovine Herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) infections in a dairy herd with abortion problem in Konya and to determine their possible roles for abortions. Materials and Methods: Blood serum and leukocyte samples were collected from cattle (450) in herd. Blood sera samples were investigated for antibodies to three infections by indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Also, leukocyte samples were investigated for the presence of BVDV antigen by direct ELISA. Results: Of the 450 samples tested, 72.88%, 46.22% and 20.22% were determined to be seropositive for BHV-1, BVDV and BHV- 4 antibodies, respectively. BVDV antigen was not detected in any leukocyte samples. Conclusion: All herds with abortion problem should be examined for viral agents that cause abortion. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=992 BHV-1BVDVBHV-4abortcattle eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 87 91 993 article Investigation of canine parainfluenza virus type 2 in dogs by immunofluorescence Oğuzhan Avcı 1 Oya Bulut 1 Orhan Yapıcı 1 2 Atilla Şimşek 1 Sibel Hasırcıoğlu 3 Sibel Yavru 1 Mehmet Kale 3 Irmak Dik 1 Kamil Atlı 1 Selçuk Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Viroloji Anabilim Dalı, Konya, TürkiyeKırgızistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Viroloji Anabilim Dalı, Bişkek, KırgızistanMehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Viroloji Anabilim Dalı, Burdur, TürkiyeAim: It was aimed to determine the Canine Parainfluenza Virus Type 2 (CPIV-2) in dogs by immunofluorescence (IF). Materials and Methods: In this study nasal and conjunctival swab samples were obtained from 61 pet dogs with clinical signs of respiratory system. Swab samples (total 132) were passaged on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell cultures for three times. Cell culture supernatant obtained from last passage was tested for CPIV-2 by IF. Results: Swab samples were inoculated onto MDCK cell cultures and subjected to three passages and no CPE was observed. All cell culture supernatants were analyzed by IF but no positive results to be determined. Conclusion: Although all of the samples were determined as negative, CPIV-2 dogs showing clinical signs of respiratory system should be examined for the presence of both CPIV and other respiratoric viral agents. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=993 CPIV-2dogMDCKimmunofluorescence eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 92 96 994 article Comparison of various techniques used for diagnosis of rabies in cats Mugale Madhav Nilakanth 1 Bhupinder Singh Sandhu 2 Beigh Akeel 2 Gupta Kuldeep 3 Sood Naresh Kumar 2 Charan Kamal Singh 2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Vepary, Chennai, TamilnaduDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, GADVASU, (PAU campus) Ludhiana, Punjab, IndiaAim: Objectives of this study was to compare and evaluate the best method for diagnosis of rabies in cats. Materials and Methods: Antemortem examination of 5 suspected cats were evaluated. Brains were collected from the suspected cats. Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test (dFAT), Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) histopathological diagnostic tests were applied. Results: The dFAT test was conducted on the saliva and fresh brain impression smear of all cats, among that 4 cats showed positive for rabies virus. After death of cats, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques were carried out. One case showed meningitis and remaining showed Negri bodies. Viral antigen depositions were observed by counting 100 cells each region of hippocampus and cerebellum by H&E and IHC. Hippocampus pyramidal cell showed 87% and cerebellum Purkinje cells showed 69% of rabies viral antigen deposition. Conclusion: The IHC can be used as reliable diagnostic technique in addition to dFAT. IHC shows positivity in mildly infected cases and having immense value for retrospective studies. It also minimizes the risk of public health hazard during shipping of rabid positive brain samples. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=994 Braindirect fluorescent antibody testhistopathologyimmunohistochemistryrabies eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 97 102 995 article Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus antibodies in blood and milk serum in dairy cattle by elisa Sibel Yavru 1 Atilla Şimşek 1 Mehmet Kale 2 Oya Bulut 1 Orhan Yapıcı 1 3 Oğuzhan Avcı 1 Irmak Dik 1 Selçuk Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Viroloji ABD, Konya, TürkiyeMehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Viroloji ABD, Burdur, TürkiyeTürkiye-Kırgızistan Manas Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Bişkek, KırgızistanAim: The aim of this study was to detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) antigens and determine of antibodies against BVDV in blood and milk serum. Materials and Methods: Totally 202 cattle blood and milk sera samples were used. Samples obtained from herds were analyzed for the detection of BVDV antigens by direct Enyzme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and for determine the presence of antibodies against BVDV by indirect ELISA. Results: While 167 of blood serum (82.6%) were positive for the presence of BVDV antibodies, 160 of milk serum samples (79.2%) were positive. In this study, 148 (73.2%) both blood and milk serum samples of same cattle were positive for BVDV antibodies. Only 19 (9.4%) blood serum of cattle was detected positive for BVDV, while only 12 (5.94%) milk serum was seropositive. No positive result to be determined for BVDV antigens in any blood or milk serum samples. Conclusion: Determined similar indirect ELISA results of blood and milk sera (P>0.05) may be suggest that milk sera can be used in determine of serological diagnosis of BVDV instead of blood sera. Further research is needed in order to achieve using blood and/or milk serum samples presence of BVDV antigens instead of leukocytes samples in routine diagnosis, even though not detect the presence of BVDV antigen in blood and milk serum samples in this study. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=995 BloodmilkserumBVDVELISA eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 103 105 996 article Helminthosis of rural poultry in quetta, pakistan Faizullah Faizullah 1 Sher Ahmed 2 Shakeel Babar 1 Syed Khurram Fareed 1 Muhammad Azam Kakar 3 Ziaulhaq 2 Saadullah Jan 1 Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology, University of Balochistan, QuettaFederal Government Degree College, Madrissa Road, QuettaFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbella University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, PakistanHelminth parasites were studied in 120 rural chickens in Quetta, showing overall infection to be 75.8%. Prevalence was higher in winter (81.6%) than in summer (70%). Five cestodes were found, i.e., Raillietina tetragona (48.3%), followed by Choanotaenia spp. (20%), R. echinobothrida (19.2%), Cotugnia spp. (1.7%) and R. cesticillus (0.8%). The nematode, Ascaridia galli was more prevalent (10.8%) than Allodapa suctoria (0.8%). Infection of one host with single species of helminth was seen at most occasions (53.3%), followed by double, triple and quadruple infections (20, 1.7 and 0.8%), respectively. Mixed infection with both nematodes and cestodes was seen in 5.8% of chickens. In conclusion, anthelmintic treatments should be done routinely in the rural poultry. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=996 Helminthrural poultryPakistan eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 106 109 997 article An incidence of acute nitrate-nitrite poisoning in a guinea pig (cavia porcellus) colony Nakulan Valsala Rajesh 1 Veluchamy Kumar 1 Palanisamy Ganapathi 1 Marudhai Thangapandiyan 2 Institute of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ranipet, TamilnaduDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, IndiaWe present an incidence of acute nitrate-nitrite poisoning in a guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) colony which resulted in the substantial and spontaneous death of 28 out of 88 guinea pigs. The cause of death was traced to nitrate-nitrite toxicity from ingestion of the green leaves of overfertilized Cichorium intybus. The predominant symptoms in the 28 guinea pigs were chocolate brown bloody discharge from all natural orifices, cyanotic mucous membrane, mydriasis, and bloated abdomen. Necropsy of all the 28 animals showed hemorrhage in all visceral organs grossly, and tubular nephrosis of the kidney, lymphoid depletion in the spleen, hydropic changes and necrosis in hepatocytes, and hemorrhages in the intestine and lungs histopathologically. Nitrate-nitrite toxicity was confirmed spectrophotometrically. The toxicological analysis of the feed samples of C. intybus revealed 2.1 g% nitrate, 1.0 g% nitrite, and 80 ppb citrinin. The intestinal loop had 10 ppm of nitrate and 1 ppm of nitrite. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of acute nitratenitrite poisoning in guinea pigs owing to the ingestion of the green leaves of overfertilized C. intybus. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=997 Nitrate-nitrite poisoningCichorium intybusguinea pig eng Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1309-6958 2146-1953 0000-00-00 29 2 110 113 998 article Congenital meningoencephalocele in a brown swiss calf: a case report Turan Yaman 1 Serkan Erdoğan 2 Funda Terzi 1 Zafer Özyıldız 3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, TurkeyDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, TurkeyDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, TurkeyAfter inspection and radiological examinations, meningocele was suspected on a 2-day old Brown swiss male calf which was brought dead to the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Dicle University. As a result of the anatomopathologic analysis, a saclike protrusion that was 17x15 cm sized fluctuant and covered with a hairy skin was observed on frontal squama. In the pouch, approximately 200 mL serous fluid mixed with blood were seen. The brain was also protrused with meninges rostro-dorsal to frontal region. Ethmoid bone was formed rudimentary, so ethmoid labyrinths was not detected in this region. On the other hand, absences of nasal bone, nasal part of frontal bone, nasal conchae and rostral half of hard palate were detected. Cerebral hypoplasia with macrogyria was evident. In conclusion, rarely observed meningoencephalocele case was firstly identified as anatomopathologically in a calf in Diyarbakır province. http://eurasianjvetsci.org/pdf.php3?id=998 Calfcongenital meningoencephalocele