Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2023; 39(1)

Malondialdehyde and antioxidant content of pasteurized, semi-skimmed UHT and UHT milks

Filiz Kazak — 2023-03-01

Aim: In this study, to evaluate oxidant and antioxidant parameters of pasteurized, semi-skimmed UHT and UHT milks, the malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin (Vit) C, total protein (TP), reduced glutathione (rGSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity of them were determined and correlations between these parameters were revealed. Materials and Methods: Thirty milk samples from different trademarks were collected from different markets in Hatay. Milk MDA, Vit C, TP, rGSH levels and CAT activity were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results: The lowest MDA level was determined in semi-skimmed UHT milk (p < 0.05). Pasteurized milk MDA level was higher than semi-skimmed UHT milk (p < 0.05). The levels of Vit C (p < 0.001) and TP (p < 0.01) in pasteurized milk were found to be higher than in the others. The rGSH levels of pasteurized and UHT milks were higher than semi-skimmed UHT milk (p < 0.05). UHT semiskimmed milk CAT activity (p < 0.05) was found to be quite high compared to other milks. As regards correlations; pasteurized milk MDA level was positively correlated with Vit C level (r = 0.743, p < 0.01). Semi-skimmed UHT milk TP level was positively correlated with CAT activity (r = 0.673, p < 0.05). Conclusion: As a result, the levels of oxidant (MDA), antioxidant parameters (Vit C, rGSH, and CAT), and TP in pasteurized, semi-skimmed UHT and UHT milk were evaluated and discussed in the present study. With this study, it is suggested that consumption of pasteurized milk may be healthier than semiskimmed UHT and UHT milks.

The relationship between hemogram parameters and mortality in neonatal calves with diarrhea

Merve Ider, Amir Naseri, Alper Erturk — 2023-03-01

Aim: The objective of the present study was to reveal the relationship between hemogram parameters and mortality in neonatal calves with diarrhea from different etiological origins. Materials and Methods: Fifty calves with diarrhea were enrolled in the study. The calves were divided into 2 groups as surviving and non-surviving calves. In addition, on the basis of the stool quick test and etiological agent, it was divided into 3 subgroups: bacterial (E. coli), viral (rotavirus and coronavirus), and parasitic (Cryptosporidium parvum). Total leukocyte (WBC), lymphocyte (Lym), monocyte (Mon), granulocyte (Gra), erythrocyte (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), hemoglobin (Hb), and thrombocyte (PLT) were measured. Results: Regardless of etiology, MCHC levels of non-surviving calves were lower than those of surviving calves (cut-off: 32.15 g/dL, 68% sensitivity, 62% specificity, p = 0.041). Also, MCHC levels of non-surviving calves with viral etiology were lower than those of surviving calves (cut-off: 31.75 g/ dL, 85% sensitivity, 75% specificity, p = 0.029). RBC levels of non-surviving calves with E. coli etiology were lower than those of surviving calves (cut-off: 9.27 ×103 cells/mL, 83% sensitivity, 84% specificity, p = 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference in hemogram parameters of calves infected with C. parvum. Conclusion: MCHC and RBC levels were statistically significant in the estimation of mortality in neonatal calf diarrhea. The evaluation of hemogram parameters together with other blood parameters (blood gas, etc.) may be more useful in estimating mortality.

Investigation of some biochemical parameters in bitches with malignant mammary tumors

Tarik Safak — 2023-03-01

Aim: This study, the cut-off point of biochemical parameters in bitches with mammary tumors was determined and its usability as a biomarker for diagnosis was investigated. Materials and Methods: Bitches that presented to our clinic for routine ovariohysterectomy (control group, n = 14) and suffer from mammary tumors (CMT group, n = 14) were included in the study. Biochemical parameters including albümin (ALB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gammaglutamyltransferase (GGT), total protein (TP), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TP), creatine, creatine kinase-N-acetyl-cysteine (CK-NAC), urea, phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) concentrations were measured with an automated chemistry analyzer. Results: The ALP (p: 0.048), ALT (p < 0.000), AST (p: 0.043), GGT (p: 0.013), TP (p: 0.010), DB (p: 0.043), TP (p: 0.018), creatine (p < 0.000), P (p < 0.000), and CK-NAC (p < 0.000) concentrations were found to be higher in the CMT group than in the control group. Although Mg (p < 0.000) concentration was higher in the control group, there was no statistical significance for ALB, urea, and Ca concentrations among the groups (p > 0.05). It was seen that ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, TP, and creatine concentrations could be used to diagnose mammary tumors, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.656, 0.831, 0.610, 0.792, 0.942, and 0.974, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, TP, and creatine could be helpful diagnostic tools for canine mammary tumors.

Effect of combined application of ivermectin and praziquantel on oxidative stress and selected biochemical parameters in sheep

Rahmi Canbar, Muhittin Uslu, Mustafa Sedat Arslan, Enver Yazar — 2023-03-01

Aim: Purpose of this research was to determine the combined effect of the oral administration of ivermectin and praziquantel on the oxidative status, liver and kidney function parameters in healthy sheep. Materials and Methods: Ivermectin + praziquantel tablets at the recommended dose (1 tablet/sheep) were administered orally to 18 Anatolian Merino sheep, and blood samples were obtained before administration (day 0) and at 24-hour intervals for 4 days thereafter. Plasma 8-hydroxy- 2-deoxyguan osine, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels were measured with commercial kits using an ELISA reader. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were measured in an autoanalyzer. Results: While the plasma 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels in the first 2 days were higher than the values on the 3rd and 4th days (p<0.05), statistical fluctuations were observed in the plasma glutathione peroxidase levels (p<0.05). An increased level of blood urea nitrogen was present on day 3 compared to day 0 (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be stated that the recommended dose of ivermectin + praziquantel does not cause oxidative stress and has no significant effect on their liver and kidney function parameters in healthy sheep.

Economic evaluation of livestock enterprises supported by the expert hands project in rural areas

Muharrem Satar, Mehmet Saltuk Arikan, Arzu Peker — 2023-03-01

Aim: With this work; it is aimed to reveal the cost and income factors of cattle and small ruminant enterprises supported by the expert hands project and to make an economic analysis of the annual profit-loss status of the enterprises. Materials and Methods: The main material of the study consists of the primary data obtained from 50 entrepreneurs who benefited from the expert hands project in 2021 and from 36 enterprises in total, 18 of which are cattle and 18 of small ruminant enterprises that accepted to participate in online survey applications. Results: From the findings; feed costs account for 39.46% of the main factors that make up the cost in enterprises, followed by labor (33.48%), electricitywater (6.45%), live fixture depreciation (6.25%) and veterinarian-health (5,08%) costs were determined. It has been determined that cattle enterprises make an average of 200,56 $ profit, and small ruminant enterprises make an average of 1946,06 $ profit.. Conclusion: Within the scope of this project implemented, it is possible to say that the fact that livestock activities are carried out by trained and expert entrepreneurs, especially in rural areas, has a positive effect on the average profitability of enterprises.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in dogs with parvoviral enteritis

Alparslan Burak Gucsav, Enes Akyuz — 2023-03-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in dogs with parvoviral enteritis (CPV). Materials and Methods: Twenty dogs, 1-6 months old, from different breeds and genders were enrolled in the study. The presence of parvoviral enteritis confirmed by rapid test kit and ongoing bloody diarrhea. Ten healthy age matched dogs were enrolled in the study as control group. Blood samples were taken once from all of the dogs from Vena cephalica antebrachi. A complete blood cell count was measured from taken sample. Serum biochemical analyses were performed from the serum samples Results: Total leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin count and hematocrit percentage were significantly lower in the dogs with CPV compared to the control group (p<0.05). While creatinine (p=0.040), urea (p=0.036), total bilirubin (p=0.011), ceruloplasmin (p=0.008), haptoglobin (p<0.001) and LBP (p=0.011) concentrations were significantly higher in the dogs with CPV compared to the control group, albumin (p=0.005) and suPAR (p=0.012) concentrations were found to be low. Conclusion: Ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, LBP and suPAR were found to be diagnostically and prognostically important in dogs with parvoviral enteritis.

Evaluation of the development process of Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine between 1992-2022 (30 years)

Emine Merve Danis, Esra Celik, Askin Yasar, Gokhan Aslim — 2023-03-01

Aim: This study, it was aimed to reveal the development process of Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine between 1992-2022. Materials and Methods: The material of the study consisted of information and documents obtained by the Rector?s Office of SU, the Deans Office of the SUFVM and the SU Veterinary Training and Practice Hospital, an archive of the SU Health Sciences Institute, and the ?Scientific Research and Publication List Form.? In addition, the Official Gazette, journals, books, and internet resources on the subject and Yaşar?s (1995) research were used. The data obtained were evaluated by the content analysis method, indicated as superscript in the text, shown in the endnote section, and presented in tables in the relevant section. Results: It was determined that as of the 2021-2022 academic year, a total of 136 academic staff members were serving in 20 departments at the faculty 3.806 undergraduate and 693 postgraduate graduates (460 Ph.D., 233 masters) (1987-2022) graduated from the faculty in the last 30 years; veterinary medicine services were provided to 24.335 animals in the faculty animal hospital in 2022. Conclusion: The current study aims to complete the 40-year development process by revealing the 30-year development of SUFVM. Following the development of the faculty in the future will contribute to increasing its preferability in the national and international arena by moving the faculty further in every field.