Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2024; 40(2) - Current Issue

Evaluation of Conservative Treatment or Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Cats with Metacarpal and/or Metatarsal Fractures: A Retrospective Study

Halil Caltiner, Iremsu Satici, Mustafa Arican — 2024-06-01

Aim: This study aims to assess the merits, drawbacks, and postoperative outcomes associated with conservative treatment and osteosynthesis methods employed in managing metacarpal (MC) and/or metatarsal (MT) bone fractures resulting from trauma in cats. Materials and Methods: The research encompassed a sample of fifty-two cats of varying breeds, genders, and ages, all presenting with metacarpal and/or metatarsal bone fractures between 2022 and 2023. Conservative treatment was administered in 46 cases, while osteosynthesis was applied in the remaining 6 cases. Results: In the group treated conservatively, 29 cases (63.04%) exhibited no signs of lameness at the 6-week examination, indicating a successful recovery with unimpeded mobility. In contrast, mild lameness was observed in the remaining cases (36.96%) at the 6-week check-up. Upon reassessment at the 12-month examination, 43 cases (93.47%) demonstrated unimpeded walking, with only 3 cases (6.53%) experiencing occasional mild lameness. Conversely, 2 cases (33.3%) showed a complication-free recovery among the cats undergoing osteosynthesis, while postoperative issues emerged in 4 cases (66.6%). In one complication-free case (50%), mild lameness was noted at the 6-week examination, and in the other case (50%), occasional mild lameness was observed. Importantly, all cases exhibited uneventful walking during the 12-month assessment. Conclusion: Conservative treatment proves to yield favorable outcomes in cats, both independently and when osteosynthesis applications fall short. However, the limited number of surgical cases examined in the study constrains the findings' generalizability.

Effect of Ergothineine and Quercetin Additions in to the In Vitro Embriyo Development

2024-06-01

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ergothioneine and quercetin on the in vitro development of bovine embryos. Materials and Methods: Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected via ovary aspiration from a local abattoir and cultured in vitro for maturation. After maturation, in vitro fertilization was performed. The pronuclear embryos were divided into three groups: control, 10 ?M L-ergothioneine, and 10 ?M quercetin supplemented. After the addition of antioxidants to the CR1aa medium, in vitro culture of embryos were performed. The cleavage and morula rates were assessed on days 2 and 5, respectively. Blastocyst formation and quality were assessed on days 7-8. Results: Statistical analysis showed cleavage and morula rates were significantly higher in the ergothioneine group compared to the quercetin and control groups (P<0.05). While no blastocysts formed in the quercetin group, the blastocyst rate reached to 17.96% with ergothioneine supplementation on day 8. Conclusion: In conclusion, supplementation with 10 ?M ergothioneine enhanced the in vitro development of bovine oocytes. However, 10 ?M quercetin supplementation impaired development, and no blastocyst formation observed. Further studies utilizing different concentrations are warranted to better understand the effects. This study provides insights into modulating oxidative stress during in vitro embryonic production.

Nutrient utilization and energy balance profile in probiotic supplemented Asian elephants

Dharmendra Chharang, Sheela Choudhary — 2024-06-01

Aim: A study was methodized to evaluate whether supplementation of probiotics could impact the utilization of nutrients and energy in Asian elephants. Materials and Methods: Eighteen elephants were randomly selected for 60 days experiment including five days of the digestibility trial and divided into three groups with six elephants each i.e. control with no probiotic (T1) and the other two with probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus in T2 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in T3 groups at 1 × 109 CFU/gm concentrate per 50 kg body weight/ day orally. Results: The intakes of ether extract and total ash revealed significant whereas the digestibility coefficients of total ash and acid-insoluble ash exhibited a highly significant effect of treatment. However, other values of intakes and the digestibility coefficients of proximate principles and fibre fractions could not reveal any significant effect. Practical nutritional worth, plane of nutrition and energy balance profile were also found to be nonsignificant among the groups. Increasing trend of intake and the digestibility of energy; and the relative difference was associated with increased DM intake and NDF digestibility. The mean values for TDN%, NR, digestible DM and OM intakes and TDN intake were obtained to be higher for probiotic supplemented groups than the control group. Conclusion: It is concluded that probiotic supplementation could not exhibit any significant effect on nutrients and energy utilization in elephants. However, further research is needed to examine the effects of high doses, strain and viability of the probiotics.

Morphometric identification of Bursa Oynarı pigeon varieties

Ulku Gulcihan Simsek, Burak Altundal, Selcukhan Akarsu, Resul Karadag — 2024-06-01

Aim: This study was carried out to make morphometric identification of male and female individuals of Karabaş, Yaşmaklı, Muskalı, Kalaça and Beyaz genotypes in Bursa Oynarı pigeons. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, a total of 100 pigeons, 10 females and 10 males, 12-14 months from each genotype, were examined. Results: The Oynar breed's average live weight was determined to be 306.27±1.32 g. Average body weights for males and females, genotypes, and gender x genotypes were discovered to be similar (p>0.05). Males were found to have longer heads (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between males and females in terms of other body traits (p>0.05). Different averages were determined in the genotypes in terms of beak length, beak depth, trunk length, body length, wing length, chest circumference, chest depth, and tail length (p<0.05). In general, the averages were lower in the Yaşmaklı genotype than in other genotypes, and higher in the Beyaz and Muskalı genotypes (p<0.05). The interaction between gender and genotypes was significant in beak depth (p<0.001). Conclusion: As a result, it was anticipated that the characteristics detected for the first time in the Oynar breed varieties would contribute to the definition of this breed. It was also estimated that differences in the body structures of the varieties may impact their flight characteristics, and the findings on this subject will attract the attention of pigeon breeders. Considering their body structures, it was determined that the Kalaça, Muskalı, and Beyaz genotypes may have superior characteristics in terms of flight time, and the Yaşmaklı genotype may have superior characteristics in terms of flight speed.

Effects of Testosterone Undecanoate Treatment on Serum Biochemical Parameters in New Zealand Rabbits

2024-06-01

Aim: Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), used to treat various diseases, are also doping substances for athletes to improve their sportive performance. The aim of this study is to evaluate some serum biochemical parameters in New Zealand rabbits treated with long-term Testosterone Undecanoate (TU). Materials and Methods: In the present study, 21 male New Zealand rabbits aged 5-6 weeks were divided into 3 groups; control, castor oil group, and TU group (in which TU was diluted in castor oil). In the Castor oil and TU diluted in castor oil (10 mg/kg) were injected intramuscularly in 0.1 ml for 6 weeks, 5 days a week in the related groups. Results: The results of the study, in which a total of 22 biochemical parameters were evaluated, showed that aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total protein, creatinine, uric acid, phosphate, potassium, sodium, calcium, and glucose levels were statistically significantly higher in the TU group than in the control and castor oil groups, and high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower in the other groups compared to the control group. Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be stated that TU administration may adversely affect serum biochemistry in New Zealand rabbits and multidisciplinary studies with different testosterone analogues should be performed.

Partial Tibial Neurectomy for Treatment of Spastic Paresis in a Simmental Calf

Fahrettin Alkan*, Nuriza Zamirbekova, Hilmican Ergin, Selman Pulat, Yilmaz Koc — 2024-06-01

Spastic paresis is a progressive neuromuscular disease that usually occurs in calves at the age of 3-5 months. The material of this study was a 3.5-monthold female Simmental calf, weighing 87 kg, brought to Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Large Animal Hospital in May 2023 with a complaint of lameness in the right hind leg. Clinical examination revealed contraction and hyperextension in the right hind limb of the calf. There was no swelling or pain in the tarsal or genu joints or other anatomical regions. Radiological examination showed no evidence of degenerative joint disease. A diagnosis of progressive spastic paresis was made on the basis of the clinical findings. Partial neurectomy of the tibial nerve was made to treat the calf with spastic paresis. A 15 cm incision was made over the semimembranous and gluteobiceps muscles to access the area. The tibial nerve innervating the gastrocnemius muscles was then identified and a 1 cm section was resected. This de-innervated the gastrocnemius muscles of the limb and the weight was transferred to the flexor digitorum superfisialis. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with antibiotics and analgesics. In conclusion; in the case of spastic paralysis, pain and contractions related to muscle spasms disappeared after the partial tibial neurectomy operation and the life welfare of the calf increased.

Letter to the Editor: "Effect of grape seed extract on β-catenin gene expression and hyperglycemia in rats induced by streptozotocin"

Esma Gamze Aksel — 2024-06-01