Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2004; 20(4)

SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ ETİK KURUL (SÜVFEK) YÖNERGESİ

2004-12-01

Seasonal Distribution of Species Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Konya Province

Uğur Uslu, Bilal Dik — 2004-12-01

This sludy was carried out to determine seasonal distribution o I adult Culicoides species in Konya province. Samples were collected from the Culicoides breeding sites in Konya Centrum, Çumra, Kadınhanı and Saray önü from Apnl 2001 to November 2001. During the period of this investigation, 19 Culicoides species (C. drcumscriptus, C. festivipennis, C. shaklawensis, C. gejgelensis, C. puncticollis, C. nubeculosus, C. riethi, C. longipennis, C. odiatus. C. flavipulicaris. C catanen. C. submantimus. C. parroti, C. kibunensis, C. schultzei gr, C. subfasdpennıs, C. pulîcaris, C. salinariüs, C. maritimus) were identified. A total of 2798 Culicoides species (55.72 % female and 44.28 % male) were caught. The distribution ot Culicoides species by months were 0.25 % In May, 3.75 % in June, 34.13 % in July, 33.95 % in August 23.44 % in September and 4.50 % in October. No Culicoides species was captured in November.

Identification of Poultry Meat Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technique

Ali Arslan, O. İrfan İlhak, Ö. Pelin Bozkurt, Pınar Şeker — 2004-12-01

In this study, meats of 8 poultry species (chicken, turkey, gull, ostrich, duck, goose, quail, partridge) ware identified by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method using two different primers of 10 nucleotides each (primer 1- CAA TCG CCG T, primer 2- CCA CAG CAG T). A 45-cyclus PCR (each cycle; 45 s at 94°C, 45 s at 364C, and 60 s at 72°C) was performed for identification of poultry flesh. Results concluded that RAPD is a practical, rapid, and reliable method that can be used for identification of poultry meals in control of adulteration of consumers from exposure to the flesh thai the society normally does not consume.

A Research on Relation of Animal Welfare to Veterinary Medicine and Regulations in European Union

Aşkın Yaşar, Halis Yerlikaya — 2004-12-01

Animal welfare is a concept which underlines life quality of animals. It includes physical and mental health, happiness, and a long life. Subject of animal welfare has been considered and discussed since the beginning of the 1960, in different parts of the world. Owing to these discussions, "Universal Declaration of Animal Rights" was accepted. Today, many significant developments and legal regulations have been declared about animal welfare in Organizations EU and member countries. The objectives of this study were to determine the relation of animal welfare and veterinary medicine from historical perspective, and to bring up legal structure in EU and Turkey.

Epidemiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Family Size Dairy Farms in Hatay Region

Yaşar Ergün, Özkan Aslantaş Gökhan Doğruer, Zafer Cantekin — 2004-12-01

This study was carried out to determine the prevalance of the subclinical mastitis in family size (3-10 cows for each farm) dairy farms in Hatay region. For this purpose, California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed to 160 cows (640 quarters) in different localities belong to 11 towns in Hatay. A total of 262 milk samples from 115 (71.9 %) mastitic cows were investigated for aerobic pathogenic microorganism. From this 262 milk samples, 231 aerobic microorganisms were isolated and identified in 200 milk samples. Isolated and identified microorganism were also tested for antibiotic susceptibility against to 12 different antibiotics. The number and rate of isolated microorganisms were 98 (42.4 %) Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CNS), 58 (25.1 %) S. aureus, 26 (11.2 %) S. uberis, 15 (% 6.5), S.agalactiae, 8 (3.5 %) S. dysgalactiae, 5 (2.2 %) Bacillus spp., 4 (1.7 %) Candida spp., 6 (2.6 %) Micrococcus spp., 4 (1.7 %) P. auriginosa, 2 (0.9 %) S. faecalis, 4 (2.2 %) £ coli. The most effective antibiotics were Danofloxacine, Sulbactam+Ampicilline, Enrofloxacin, Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid and Cefoperazone. As a result, the prevalance of subclinical mastitis was determined high in family size dairy farms in Hatay. Antibiotic resistancy was determined against some common used antibiotics.

Horse Fondness: A Prominent Sample from Sources of Islamic Civilization Era

Abdullah Özen, Halis Yerlikaya — 2004-12-01

Both Turkish history and Islamic Civilization is full of striking examples demonstrating the relation between the horse and the human. Place of the horse in Turkish and Islamic societies will be examined in general scope of this stucfy. Also, the 5th Sultan of Yaman Rasuly Dynasty, Malik Mudjahid Ali bin Da'ud who was a king, a veterinary and a poet and who had a great fondness for horses will be discussed.

A Survey on the Microbiological Quality of Mixed Feeds and Feedstuffs L'sed in Hatay Province

Zeynep Erdoğan, Özkan Aslantaş — 2004-12-01

This study was carried out to determine Ihe microbiological quality of 50 mixed feeds and feedstuffs samples by examining the total counts of bactena and fungi obtained from Hatay, Antakya. It was also studied that the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. and other bacteria ahd lungi spp. in the same samples. Isolated microorganisms were found to be as 46 % Bacillus spp., 36 % Pseudomonas spp.. (34 % Staphylococcus spp., 32 % Enterobacter spp., 30 % Micrococcus spp., 24% Streptococcus spp., 14 % Actinobacillus spp., 14 % Klebsiella spp., 12 % E.coli, 8 % Proteus spp., 2 % Penicillium spp. in the analysed feed samples. No Salmonella spp. was isolated in the examined samples. In the same collected samples, % 72 Penicillium spp,, % 54 Aspergillus spp., % 34 Fusarium spp. and % 28 Mucor spp. were isolated and identified. At the end of (his study, it was concluded that the microbiological analysis is important as much as chemical, microscopic and sensory analysis of feeds for determining the feed quality and the microbiological quality of feed has to be involved in "feed quality concept" and put into Ihe practice.

Historical Development of Animal Rights in the World and Turkey

Aşkın Yaşar, Halis Yerlikaya — 2004-12-01

Increase on usage of animal in scientific researches and experiments caused to Increase number of people having counterview to this action. First legal organization ol lha groups assuming an attitude against animal experiments (antiviewsectionist) was established in England In 1875. Increase on usage of animals in experiments reached the lop level In 1960s after 2nd World War and this situation caused formation of a reflex on protection of animals. Thoughts chain extending from the thought of "people must have liability lor animals" to "animal rights" have accelerated and strengthened organizing of many of an i mal-loving people from different places of the world under different names (animal lovers society, Society of protection of nature and animals ale.); have increased importance, duty and responsibilities of rules ol animal protection and ethical rules ol experimental animals. These rapid developments hava been seen in Turkey within ihe last century and distances that can be considered as important on animal rights movement have been covered. In this study, animal rights movement in Turkey and world shall be considered and discussed with its historical aspect.

Isolation and Identification of Campylobacter jejuni in goose carcass, goose cloaka, goose bedding and goose, chicken and quail eggs

Mehmet Elmalı, Hilmi Yaman, Zeynep Ulukanlı, Kenan Genctav — 2004-12-01

Goose are kept in small flocks in Kars and Ardahan district. Goose meat is a tradionally important food and consumed during winter months by local people. In this study, the presence of Campylobacter jejuni was investigated in 25 fresh goose carcass, 42 cloaka swap samples taken from goose, 6 beddings samples taken from 6 cages, 94 goose eggs, 66 chicken eggs and 108 quail eggs collected from farms. The results showed that there is no vertical contamination of Campylobacter jejuni froom goose, chicken and quails to their eggs. It was determined that goose beddings contained Campylobacter jejuni at important levels (mean of 2.23 MPN/g) indicating gooose beddings as a contamination source Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from goose carcasses at the mean level of 2.05 MPN/g that can cause camp-ylobacteriosis. It was concluded that fresh goose carcasses and goose beddings may affects human health in negative.

The Effect of Addition of Organic and Inorganic Zinc on Egg Production, Egg Quality and Some Blood Parameters in Laying Hens Rations

Tuba Bülbül, Seher Küçükersan — 2004-12-01

This study was carried out to determine the effects of the organic zinc and inorganic zinc and combination of their addition to laying hen rations on body weight, feed consumption, egg production, egg weight, feed conversion rate, egg external and internal quality features and blood serum total protein, cholesterol, trigliserid and glucose levels. A total of 200 Lohmann LSL layer hens which in 68 weeks of age were used in this study. There were two control and three treatment groups, each containing 40 hens. The rations of control and experimental groups formulated as including 17 % crude protein and 2720 kcal/kg metabolizable energy. Negative control group ration was formulated with mineral mixture except zinc and positive control group ration was formulated with mineral mixture containing zinc. 50 mg ZnO kg1, 10 mg Zn-proteinate kg-1 and a combination of 50 mg ZnO kg-1 and 10 mg Zn-proteinate kg-1 were added to the experimental groups of 1., 2., 3. respectively. At the end of the study, there were increased body weight by added combination of 50 mg ZnO kg-1 and 10 mg Zn-proteinatc kg1, there were no significant difference in feed consumption by added ZnO and Zn-proteinate, but added ZnO increased feed conversion rate (p<0,05). Egg production was increased by added Zn-proteinate to the ration but it was decreased by added ZnO (p<0,01). The addition of 10 mg Zn-proteinate kg 1 to the ration was increased egg shell quality because of increasing egg breaking strength (p<0,01) and shell thickness by added 10 mg Zn-proteinate kg1, but added 50 mg ZnO kg-1 apperented had no smilar effect on. Zinc proteinate and ZnO increased egg yolk index (p<0,001) and had no effect on egg weight, egg white index and Haugh unit. The results of the study show that, the 10 mg Zn-proteinate kg-1 and combination of 50 mg ZnO kg-1 and 10 mg Zn-proteinate kg-1 had positive effect on egg production and egg shell qualily.

Seroepidemiology and Comparative Diagnosis of Bovine Herpesvirus Type-1 (BHV-1) in Bulls using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Virus Isolation (VI)

Oya Bulut, Sibel Yavru — 2004-12-01

In this study, blood, semen and nasal swap samples were taken from 100 clinically healty, indigenous and one year old bulls brought lo Konya Private Konet abbatoir from Konya and its environment with the purpose of slaughter. Semen and nasal swap samples were inoculated into Foetal Bovine Kidney (FBK) and Madin Daiby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell cultures. At the end of Incubation, cytopatogenic effect (CPE) was determined in 26 semen and 2 nasal swap samples. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (EUSA/Ag) was used for identification of viruses isolated. Two isolates from nasal swap could not be identified, while 15 out of 26 isolates from semen samples was identified as BHV-1 by EUSA Following EUSA/Ag and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was applied for detection of BHV-1 in semen and nasal swap samples. One semen sample and 1 nasal swap sample were found as positive by ELISA/Ag. No positive result could be detected in any of nasal swap samples while 23 semen samples were detected as positive by PCR. Besides, Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum micro neutral i zat ion test (serum mNT) were used for detection of antibodies aganist to BHV-1. Twenty-three blood sera samples were detected positive by ELISA, while 14 blood sera samples were detected positive by serum mNT. SNso values of the positive sera samples were detected between 1:1.78-1:22.4.

Investigation of Some Important Pathogens in Bulls

2004-12-01

In this study, presence of some important pathogens such as Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Campylobacter, Brucella and Mycoplasma were investigated by viral and bacteriological isolation, PCR/RT-PCR and serological methods in bulls. Seventy three semen, 94 preputial washings and 101 serum samples from bulls above 1 year old brought in slaughterhouse and, 210 extended semen samples collected in different dates from 19 bulls in an artificial insemination center and their sera were examined. BHV-1 and BVDV were not determined by PCR/RT-PCR and virus isolation in semen samples. Brucella and Campylobacter were not isolated in any of semen and preputial washing samples. Mycoplasma spp. was isolated in 24 (25.5%) of 94 preputial washing samples. In 120 bull sera (19 sera from an artificial insemination center, 101 from slaughterhouse) tested by ELISA, 42 (35 %) were positive for BHV-1 and 46 (39.6 %) for BVDV antibodies. Of the 19 bulls in an artificial insemination center all were seropositive for BHV-1 and 4 were seropositive for BVDV. All serum samples were negative for Brucella antibodies. None of the bulls examined in this study had any clinical symptoms.

Cryptosporidiosis in Ruminants

Ferda Sevinç — 2004-12-01

Cryptosporidium parvum is a primary pathogen in the aetiology of neonalal diarrhea syndrome in ruminants. Cryptosporidiosis is a considerably prevalent disease in many countries, and the disease is ol economic importance especially in calves and goat kids in Turkey. In this review, the diagnosis, treatment, control of cryptosporidiosis in ruminants and its status in Turkey were evaluated.

Analysis of Genetic Structures of Hasmer, Hasak and German Black Head Sheep Breeds by Using Microsatellite Markers

Zafer Bulut, Mehmet Nizamlıoğlu, İnci Togan — 2004-12-01

In ıhis study, level of genetic diversity was investigated in one pure (German Black Head) and two crossbreed (Hasmer and Hasak) sheep breeds. For this purpose, three microsatellite markers (OarFCB20, OarJMP29 and OarJMP5£) were used. It was observed thai genetic diversity between these breeds were high and Fst values were statistically significant (P<0.001). The Fst values calculated for Hasmer and Hasak were found statistically insignificant (P>0.05) and no genetic difference was observed between fhese two crossbreeds. However, F|$ values were lound statistically insignificant (P>0.05) and there was no departure from the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in any of these populations. Kev Words: SheeD. Genetic Structure Microsatellite

Findings of Ovarian Cystadenocarsinoma and Pyometra in Case of Inguinal Hysterocele in a Bitch

2004-12-01

A nine years old female dachshund dog, body weight 6 kg was presented with suddenly grow up of left inguinal mammary lobe and vaginal discharge as several serosanguineous with concurently urination. Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations were carried out In the course of mammary tumour and inguinal hysterocele operation, cyctic ovarian formation and cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex were concurently observed. His-topathologycally, type of mammary tumour, ovarian cystic formation were considered as lobuler adenocarcinoma, papillary cystadenocarcinoma, respectively. Because of to be observed concurrently mammary tumour, inguinal hysterocele, cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex and ovarian papillary cystadenocarcinoma in the a bitch, presentation of this case has been required.

Effects of in ovo Administrated Aflatoxin B1 on the Embryonic Development of Proximal Tibial Growth Plate in Broiler Chickens

Yasemin Öznurlu, İlhami Çelik — 2004-12-01

In this study, detrimental effects of in ovo given aflatoxin B, (AFB,) on the embryonic development of tibia and its proximal growth plate were determined by means of histologic and histometric methods. For this purpose, 1024 eggs of Hubbard parent stocks were divided into 10 groups, which designed as controls, drilled-sealed group, solvent group, 2,5 ng AFB,/egg group, 5 ng AFB1/egg group, 7.5 ng AFB,/egg group, 10 ng AFB,/egg group, 15 ng AFB,/egg group, 17.5 ng AF8,/egg group and 20 ng AFB,/egg group. Test solutions were injected via the air-sac at pre-incubation period. Five eggs from each group were opened at 13rd, 15lh, 17th, 19th, 21th day of incubation, and also at 1st and 2nd weeks of post hatch. At these periods, soft tissues were removed from the tibia, their length was measured with a measured with a digital callipers and following weighed. The relative tibia weights (g of tibia 100g-1 of embryos and chicks) were calculated The tibial tissue samples were processed for routine histological techniques. The results of tibial measurements have revealed that AFB, treated groups displayed lower mean tibial lengths and weights when compared to the drilled-sealed and solvent groups (P<0.05). Results ol the light microscopic investigations have showed that both proliferative and hypertrophic zones significantly (P<0.05) narrowed in all AFB, treated groups whereas, the transitional zone thickened in both 17.5 and 20 ng AFB, /egg groups when compared lo the controls, drilled-sealed and solvent groups. The results have revealed that in ovo given AFB1 at the doses of I7.5 AFB, /egg and 20 ng AFB, /egg might interfere and to cause retardation of embryonic development ol the skeletal system. The effects are more pronounced in tibia and its proximal growth plate.