Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2004; 20(3)

Nitric Oxide Concentration in Cows after Synchronisation and During Cycle Stages

Hacı Ahmet Çelik, Dursun Ali Dinç — 2004-10-01

The aim of (his study was to reveal the occunence of nitric oxide (NO) concentration changes after synchronisation, cycle stages in cows. For this, the following were carried out respectively: Fourty Holstein cows were used to study and estrous cycles were synchronisated by using single doze PGF2a in norma) ovarial structure animals. Blood samples were taken Irom estrous positive and negative animals before and after synchronisation and analyzed for NO and progesterone. Blood samples were also taken from estrous positive animals during cycle stages and analyzed for NO. The response of synchronisation was negative in animals that had higher NO concentrations before synchronisation. Decrease of NO concentration after synchronisation was lower in estrous negative animals. The progesterone levels decreased in these animals. Different NO concentrations were determined in cycle stages. It was concluded that cases of subestrous in animals with higher NO could be observed and that the physiologic event that came into cycle stages could be effected by NO concentration in cows.

The Effects of Storage Time, Position and Prewarming of Hatching Partridge (Alectoris graeca) Eggs on Embriyo Deads

Alper Yılmaz, Cafer Tepeli — 2004-10-01

This study was carried out to determine the effects of storage time, position and prewarming of hatching partridge (Alectoris graeca) eggs on embriyo deads. In this research, 1394 partridge eggs were used. The preincubation egg storage groups were 1-7, 8-14, 15-21 and 22-28 days. Each principal group of totally four egg storage groups was divided into three egg position groups which were 45° rotation twice a daily, not turning egg (-) and turning egg (+) daily acording to egg position. Each egg position group was separated three prewarming groups prewarmed before storage (DB, db, Db), prewarmed before incubation (KÖ, kö, Kö) and without prewarmed (K, k, Kk). All the eggs were storaged in the egg storage rooms with 12.8 C temperature and 70-75 % relative humidity. The egg position group which were turning egg (+) was found be better than other egg position groups from the point of view of the embriyo deads in the 8-J4 storage time (p<0.05). The except for one group (K) (p<0.05) prewarming of hatching eggs had no positive effect on embriyo deads.

An Investigation on Shelf Life and Sorbate Residues of Salt and Potassium Sorbate

Ayşe Gürel İnanlı, Bahri Patır — 2004-10-01

In this study, chemical, microbiological and sensorial changes during processing and storage of potassium sorbate treated salt-cured trout fillets were investigated. For this purpose; %10 and %15 ratios NaCI and %1, %5 and %10 ratios potassium sorbate were treated to the fillets. The processed fillet samples were vacuum-packaged in polyethylene bags and storaged at 4 CB. The samples were analyzed physicochemically (pH, moisture, salt, TVB-N, number of TBA and sorbic acid amounts) and microbiologically (mesophile aerob bacteri, yeast and mould countings) in some periods of production (fillet, end of salting and drying) and in the storage days ol 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84. In addition, 8 panellists evaluated the samples for sensory attributes on days 7,14, 29, 42. 56 and 70 during storage. In study, the antimicrobial effect of potassium sorbate was increased by increasing salt level during processing; thus, a synergistic effect was observed between salt and potassium so ibate. The chemical quality was found to be better depending on processing types. When potassium sorbate treated in different concentrations, the sorbic acid amounts in the product were found in different levels. However, this amounts had no health risk for normal human consumption. Sensorial analyzes showed that the consumable properties of potassium sorbate treated samples was better than no potassium sorbate treated samples minimum 70 days. It could be come into conclusion that trout lillet treated with described technological process in this study could be kept without spoilage under suitable storage condilions for at least 70 days.

Investigation on Carcass Composition and Meat Yield Characteristics of Domestic Geese Carcass

Ahmet Güner, Yusuf Doğruer, Gürkan Uçar, Ümit Gürbüz — 2004-10-01

It was aimed to determine quantities of meat, bone and skin of goose carcass. For this purpose, totaly 33 geese, 15 of which male and 16 of which female, were used. It was determined that carcass consisted of 54-58% meat, 18-22% bone and 24.28% skin. Thigh had the highest meat ratio (61.91%) and neck had the highest skin ratio (39,24%) among different regions in the carcass. It was determined that 67.08% of the carcass was consisted of wring, thigh and breast and lhat meat obtained from these regions was formed 38.2% of the carcass and 70.74-67.5% of the total meal. In conclusion, geese carcasses slaughtered had high skin and low meat ratio. II: is recommended thai feeding and environmental conditions in intensive goose breeding should be improved to obtain goose carcass having low skin and high meat.

Seroprevalance of Brucellosis in Cattle, Sheep and Goat in Hatay Region

Özkan Aslantaş, Nesrin Turan — 2004-10-01

In this study, numbers of 589,440 and 452 serum samples from sheep, goat and cattle collected from different localities of Hatay region was investigated for the presence of antibodies to Brucella. For this purpose, sheep sera were tested with Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), Serum Agglutination Test (SAT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) while goat and cattle sera were investigated with RBPT and sera which have been found positive were confirmed by CFT. Of 589 sheep sera, 4.92 % CFT was found positive by CFT. Sero-examination of goat and cattle sera produced positivities of 1,49 % and 2.21 %, respectively.

Effect of the Potassium Serhat Application on the Microbiological Quality of Poultry Meats During the Cold Storage

Ahmet Güner, Yusuf Doğruer, Gürkan Uçar, Abdullah Keleş — 2004-10-01

Efect of the potassium sorbate on the microbiological quality of different pouttry species (partridge, quail, turkey, chicken) dipped into potassium sorbate solution (0%, 2.5%, 5%) during the cold storage was investigated. It was determined that potassium sorbate application was very effective on total mesophilic aerobic, total psychrophylic aerobic, coliform, Enterobacteriaceae, Micrococcus-Staphylococcus and mould-yeast in each of the poultry species at the different stage of the storage, In conclusion, whearas two levels of potassium sorbate application was found to be effective in quail and patridge meal, 5% application was in the turkey and chicken meat. And also 5% application is suitable for long time storage.

Surveillance of Female Cattle in Elazig and Malatya for Enzootic Bovine Leucosis Infection

İrem Gülaçtı, Şükrü Tonbak, Hakan Bulut, Yusuf Bolat — 2004-10-01

The present study aimed at examining the presence of antibodies against enzootic bovine leukemia virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in blood samples collected from 345 female cattle in Elazig and Malatya and their vicinity. As a result of the study, 9 out of 345 animals (2.6%) were found seropositive. When compared lo the seropositivity rale determined in previous studies in our region, this rate was found high. The fact that the studied animals were female makes this rale of seropositivity more important epidemiologically.

Some Microbiological and Chemical Characteristics of Fresh Siirk, a Traditional Dairy Product Consumed in Hatay, Turkey

Abdullah Keleş, Osman Aygün, Mustafa Ardıç — 2004-10-01

In this study, randomly selected fifty samples of süık (çökelek) produced and consumed in Hatay (Turkey) region were investigated for both microbiological and chemical characteristics. The numbers of the microorganisms in the samples analysed were found as following: Total mesophilic bacteria 1,58x107 cfu/g, yeast and mould 8.17x105 cfu/g, lactic acid bacteria 8.31x106 cfu/g and Staphylococcus spp. 5.80x1 CP cfu/g. The mean values ol dry matter, fat, salt, ash, acidity as lactic acid and pH in sürk samples were found as 48.80%, 4.05%, 5.59%, 5.80%, 0.78% and 4.55, respectively.

The Effects of Adding Different Additives into Whole-crop Cereal Harvested at Dough Stage on Silage Quality and In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility

Abdullah Can, Nihat Denek, Şahin Tüfenk — 2004-10-01

In Ihis study, effects of no additives or 0.5% urea, 5% molasses, and 5% ground wheat grain additives on barley, btead wheat, drum wheat, and Iriticale silage quality and In vitro dry matter digestibility were investigated. Interaction between planl and additives was observed on crude protein (CP) content ol silages (P<0.05) Increment of CP was the highest in 0.5% urea added silages. Addition of urea and ground wheat grain decreased ADF contents of all silages when they were compared with control silage (P<0.05). All the addillves decreased NDF contenl of silages. Interaction between plant and additives was observed on pH values of silages (P<0.05). The highest in vitro dry matter digestibilites were determined in barley silages among fhe planls and wheat grain and molasses among additK/es, respectively (P<0.05). Digestible dry matters obtained from the each unite area were the highest in Iriticale plant and wheal grain added silages.

Improvement of Pregnancy Ratios In the Mating of Bitches Carried Out with The Aid of Rapid Progesterone Assay

Aytekin Günay, Ülgen Günay — 2004-10-01

This study was carried out whh th© aim ol improving the pregnancy ratio through determining the mating lime wilh the aid of mpid progesterone assay. Twenty-four healihy bitches from different breeds were used as material, The bitches were separated into two equal groups. Twelve bitches in the first group were mated between days 12-14 after prooestrus bleeding and their pregnancy ratios were evaluated. Twelve bitches in the second group were subjected to progesterone analyses via rapid progesterone assay alter the ratio ol superficial cells exceeded 80 % in the vaginal cytology applied following the onset of prooestrus. Five of the bilches with progesterone values between 2.5-8 ng/ml were mated once, and 7 of them were mated twice with 12-24 h intervals. Birth ratios of 0/12 and 10/12 were obtained in the firsl and second groups, respectively. Ratio of superficial cells was determined as 83.75+1.08 % in the period during which ooslrus started and the progesterone value was determined at C2 level; and as 90.08±1.01 % at C3 level during which the mating was realised (P<0.001). The density of superficial cells reached 80 % level 9.83+0.29 days after ihe onset of prooestrus Weeding. However, the progesterone level reached C3 level after 11.83+0.53 days, which is the suitable period for mating. The difference between these two values was found statistically significant (P<0.01). As a result, it was concluded that it could be possible to Improve the pregnancy ratio through determining the suitable day tor mating via rapid progesterone assay applied together wilh vaginal cytology.

Wild Animal Welfare and Protection in International Conventions

Ayşe Menteş Gürler — 2004-10-01

Due to industrialisation and population growth, the over-useage of the natural resources causes some damages on the ecological systems. Recently, the en devours for solving these issues are focused on the protection and sustainable use of the biodiversity and bequesting to the new generations. These occupations contunue at national and international level at the stage of scientific researches and legal amendments. In Turkey, the occupations on the conservation of the wild life is managed with national legislations, being part of the international conventions and also the advices and support of the international organisations. Taking consideration of transborder movements of wild animals, the measurements should be determined at international levef. The stucfy was undertaken to research wild animals welfare and protection status in the international conventions which are Turkey to party related with nature protection.

Fleece Yield and Characteristics of Norduz Sheep

Orhan Yılmaz, Hüseyin Denk — 2004-10-01

This study was carried out to investigate fleece yield and characteristics of Norduz sheep. Fifty-seven ewes and 14 rams were used in this study. Greasy fleece weight, fiber diameter, fiber length, fiber elasticity, breaking strenght, me-dullated fiber, kemp fiber, clean fleece percentage and effects of some environmental factors on the these characteristics have been also studied. Least squre method was used in the statistical analysis. Comparison of means was based on the Duncan's multiple range test. Least squares means for greasy fleece weight (kg), fiber diameter (p), fiber length (cm), fiber elasticity (%), breaking strenght (g), medullated fiber (%), kemp fiber (%) and clean fleece percentage (%) were 2.91, 37.51, 6.89, 32.71,13.71, 7.50,1.81 and 68.25, respectively. Effects of age (P<0.01) and sex (P<0.Q01) on greasy fleece weight were significant, but the effect of body weight at shearing on greasy fleece weight was not significant (P>0.05). Effects of age, sex and body weight did not have a significant on fiber length, kemp fiber percentage and clean fleece percentage (P>0.05). Effects of age (P<0.001) and body weight at shearing (P<0.05) on fiber diameter were significant, but the effect of sex on fiber diameter was not significant (P>0.05). Effect of age on fiber elasticity and breaking strenght was significant (p<0.05), but effects of sex and body weight at shearing on fiber elasticity and breaking strenght were not significant (P>0.05). Medullated fiber was affected by age and sex (P<0.05), but the effect of body weight at shearing on medullated fiber was not significant (P>0.05).

Determination of the Ratio of Peripheral Blood Leucocytes and Alpha-Naphthyl Acetate Esterase (ANAE) Activity in the Lymphocytes of the Young and Adult Pheasants (Phasianııs colchicus)

Emrah Sur, İlhami Çelik, Yasemin Öznurlu, M. Faruk Aydın — 2004-10-01

This study was carried out to determine the percentages of both leukocyte types and lymphocytes with alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positivity in the peripheral blood of young and adult pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). For this purpose, heparinised (10 IU heparine/mL blood, Liquenine, Roche) peripheral blood samples of 11 young and 11 adult pheasants were used. In the young pheasants, the percentages of lymphocytes, heterophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils were 56,00%, 30,09%, 7,45%, 4,64%, 1,81% respectively and ANAE-positive lymphocyte rate was 36,82%, whereas in the adults the values were found as 52,91%, 41,09%, 2,81%, 2,00% and 1,18% for lymphocytes, heterophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils respectively. ANAE-positive lymphocyte rate was 33,73% in the adult pheasants. Except for the percentages of the peripheral blood lymphocytes, the differences between the other values were statistically important (P<0,05).

The Compactions between Endoscopic and Laboratory Findings of the Gastric Abnormality in the Dogs

Hasan Güzelbektaş, Veysi Aslan — 2004-10-01

In this study, clinical, laboratorial and endoscopic examinations were investigated for their accordance In the diagnosis ol gastric lesions in dogs. For this purpose. 4 dogs with acute gastritis, 14 dogs with chronic gastritis, 5 dogs wilh gastric ulceration, and 10 healthy dogs were used as a material. All dogs were examined with regard to clinical examination, complete blood cell counts, faeces (occult-blood) and endoscopic examinations. Mucus and biopsy samples were oblained during endoscopic examinations. When endoscopic and histopathologic^ I findings were compared, we found correlation of 75%, 78,5%, 80% and 70% in acute gastritis group, chronic gastritis group, gastric ulcer group and control group respectively. Red blood cell (RBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were found significant lower (p<0,01, p<0,05 respectively) in the dogs with chronic gastritis compared to the control dogs. Occult-blood (hematemesls) was determined lo mildly in 8 dogs with chronic gastntis, severely in 5 dogs with gastric ulcerations. Mucus samples were evaluated lor existence ol spiral microorganism and no significant difference was found between healthy and diseases dogs.

Congenital Double Cervix Abnormality in a Heifer

Mustafa Sönmez, Murat Yüksel — 2004-10-01

In this report, a case of double cervix which is congenital anotomical defect of the female reproductive tract was described in a Brown Swiss heifer. The caudal portion of cervical canal bifurcated although ovarium, oviduct, comu uteri and corpus uteri were normal. This condition is very seldom and attribute to failure of fusion of the caudal portions of pa-ramesonepric (Muellerian) ducts during embrionic development.

Arterial Vascularization of the Renal Divisions of the Domestic Fowl

Ş. Hakan Atalgın, E. Ümran Bozkurt, İbrahim Kürtül, Nejdet Dursun — 2004-10-01

The aim of this study was to reveal the vascularization of the divisions of the kidneys. In the study, 20 Ross 308 broiler fowls(Gallus domesticus) averaging 1980+20 gr and obtained from a local breeding station in Ankara were used. Arterial system of the 10 animals was filled with colored latex. The descending aorta of the others were ligated from the level whereafter the ischiadic artery arose, and were filled the latex. Supply area of the cranial, middle, and caudal renal arteries were observed. Additionally, the left cranial division of the kidney was received blood from a branch of the cranial oviductal artery. The middle division was nourished by the branches from the cranial and middle renal arteries while the caudal division was vascularized by the caudal renal artery.