Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2001; 17(4)

The Levels of The Blood Serum Thyroid Hormones, Glucose and Total Cholesterol in Breeds of Pointers, German Shepherd and Kangal Dogs

Tufan Keçeci, Zafer Durgun — 2001-12-01

In this study, the levels ol serum thyroid hormones, glucose and total cholesterol were determined tn a total of 36 dogs which were clinically healthy and at the same conditions of maintenance and nutrition. For this purpose, mate and female Pointers, German Shepherd Dogs (GSD) and Kangal Dogs which were equal numbers for per breeds were used, and investigated parameters were compared acording to differences of sex and breeds. The required blood was drawn from vena jugularis and the serum was obtained. There were no significant differences in all of the investigated parameters between male and female in the dogs. The serum total triiodothyronine level was lower amounts in the GSD (mean 28.5 kg body weight) and Kangal dogs (mean 30.2 kg body weight) which were admitted the large breeds, when compared to the Pointers (mean 19 8 kg body weigh!) which is admitted the medium breed. Although, it was not determined significant differences at the levels of total thyroxine, glucose and total cholesterol among the three breeds ol dogs On the other hand, it was generally found that significant positive correlation between serum thyroid hormones and glucose levels, and negative correlation between thyroid hormones and total cholesterol levels.

Studies on Staphylococcal Vaccines for Mastitis in Dairy Cows

H, Hüseyin Hadımli, Osman Erganış — 2001-12-01

The aim of the study was to investigate autogenous Staphylococcus aureus vaccines in control of mastitis in dairy cows. Selected strains of S. aureus isolated from both clinical and subclinical cases were used to prepare autogenous S. aureus vaccines (bacterin and bacterin + toxoid) in aluminium hydroxide or mineral oil adjuvants. Sera and milk samples collected from dry cows and heifers were analysed for immunogenic activity of S. aureus vaccines by detection of antibody tilers to staphylococcal antigens, α- and [β-haemolysines. influence on somatic cell counts and ınuamammary S, aureus incidence. Experimental studies were earned out on a total 27 animals (pregnant for 7-8 months 15 dry cows and 12 heifers). Autogenous S aureus vaccines were administered to cows by subcutaneous route in the area of supramammary lymph node or intramuscular route to semitendinous muscle. In comparison with control groups, antibody levels to staphytoccal antigens, and to the α- and (β- haemolisines were significanlty higher (P<0 001, P<0,05 and P<0.05, respectively) in the sera and whey from vaccinated cows. The average somatic cell couni in the milk samples of vaccinated cows were also found to be significantly less (P<0.05) than nonvaccinated cows The ratio for the S. aureus mastitis in a lactating period, in dry cows vaccinated bacterin and combined vaccines was 12,5 % and 8.3 %. respectively, 15.6 % in nonvaccinated dry cows. For the vaccinated heifers, the ratios were 9.3 %, 12.5 %, while 33 3 % in nonvaccinated heifers.

Antimicrobials Susceptibility and β—Lactamase Activity of Staphylococci Isolated from Dairy Cows with Mastitis

H. Hüseyin Hadimli, Mehmet Ateş, Leyia Güler, Kürşat Kav, Taner Öncel — 2001-12-01

β lactamase activity and susceptibility to antibiotics of staphylococci isolated from milk samples of mastıtıc dairy cows were determined in this study A total of 107 staphylococci which consisted of 82 coagulase positive (Staphylococcus aureus 76. S. mtermedius 4) and 25 coagulase negative (S epidermidis 15. S. sımulans 4, S. chromogenes 2, S saprophytics 2. S. caprae 2) was used. Of coagulase positive strains, 36 (46.1 %) which all were identified, as S. aureus and 12 (48 %) of the coagulase negative strains (S epidermidis 10 and S. sımulans 2) were found to have β-lactamase activity Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that 105 (98.1 %} of 107 staphylococci strains were found susceptible to either enroflaxacin or danofloxacin or amoxicillin+clavuculanic acid. Susceptibility test results for other an-abacterial agents with the 107 strains were as follows: 104 (97.1 %) for the sefaperazone+sulbactam; 98 (91 5 %) clo-xacillme 93 (86.9 %) sefaperazone; 86 (80.3 %) oxacilline; 85 (79.4 %); oxytetrac yeline, 83 (77.5 %); ampicıllıne+sulbactam; 80 (74.7 %) gentamycin; 76 (71.0 %) trimetopnm+sulfametaksazol. Of the 107 strains 67 (62 3 Vi were found to resistant to ampicillin while 66 (61.7 %), 50 (46.8 %) and 42 (39.3%) were also found to have susceptibility to penicillin, eritromycin and amoxicillin, respectively.

A Study of Hand Hygiene and Hand Carriage of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Students from Selçuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Uçkun Sait Uçan — 2001-12-01

Bu çalışmada Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi nden 30 öğrenci el hijyeni ve metisilin dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MDSA) taşıyıcılığı yönünden taranmıştır. Öğrencilerin % 23.3'ünün elinden S.aureus izole edilirken MDSA taşıyıcılık oranı % 6,7 olarak bulunmuştur. Cinsiyetin taşıyıcılık üzerine etkisinin olmadığı (p>0,05) ve tüm S.aureus suçlarının van-ko m isi ne duyarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Some Chemical and Microbiological Quality Charactersitics of Domestic Goose (Anser domesticus) Meat

GürkanUçar, Ümit Gürbüz, Ahmet Güner, Yusuf Doğruer — 2001-12-01

This study was done to determine some microbiological and chemical quality charactensties of goose meat. In this investigation, nine lemale and nine male geese were used. Mean moisture, protein, fat and ash content ol geese carcasses were found 61.54 %, 27,21 %, 10.60 % and 0.65 % respectively. Total mesophilic aerobic and psychrophilic aerobic microorganisms numbers were determined as 7 8x103 cpu/cm2 and 5.9x1ü2 cpu/cm2. on the other hand Salmonella. Staphylococcus-Micrococcus and yeast - mould were not seen.

Effect of the Sodium and Potassium Nitrate on the Quality uf Pastrami During Storage Period

Yusuf Doğruer, Suzan Yalçın, Ümit Gürbüz, Ahmet Güner — 2001-12-01

Different levels ol sodium and potassium nil rates (control. 1 %, 2% and 3%) were applied to pastrami during the salting process. And possible effects of this practice on the chemical and microbiological quality of pastrami were investigated at the 1st, 7th. 15th, 30th and 60th days of the storage penod The salt levels, pH and aw values of pastrami samples were found between 4.26-5.21%, 5.57-6,16 and 0.882-0.914 at the 1st day between 7.18-8.43%. 5.84-6.25 and 0.742-0.779 at the 60th day respectively, Remerkable differences have been found between groups in the amount of hu-midty according to nitrate rations at the 30th day. According to the microbiological results, the number of total mesophlic aerobic. Staphylococcus-Micrococcus, Lactobacillus microorganisms, mould and yeast of pastrami samples did not change sıgnıtıcantly during the storage period. On the other hand coliform group microorganisms were not cultivated in all phases. In conclusion, it was determined lhat treatments with different nitrate salts and levels had not an effect on the chemical and microbiological properties of pastrami samples.

Research Ethics

Aşkın Yaşar, Adnan Ataç — 2001-12-01

Honesty ıs oî central importance in scientific researches. Principles of "do no harm, beneficence, justice, privacy. respect tor autonomy and informed consent" are also important in research ethics. There may be errors during the phases of subject selection, collection and processing of data, evaluation and assessment of findings and announcemeni of resuits in any scientific research. If rt was made purposely by the researcher, this is scientific fraud. Publication brings about some special ethical problems. Plagiarism, dual publication, undeserved claims of co-authoring, omission of coauthors and publication by dividing into parts are remembered fist in this context. The condition for conducting ethically problem-free research is that, the researcher must have good ethical sense Good ethical sense is the contemporary universal norm of ethics. One needs to be educated in research ethics, along with scientific research methodology in order to attain this level.

Using Possihilities of Sugar Heet Pulp Silage Prcduced in Different Ways in Lamb and Dairy Cut Diets IV. Milk Composition, Some Blood and Rumen Fluid Parameters

Suphi Deniz, Şakir D. Tuncer, Murat Demirel, Nihat Denek — 2001-12-01

The objectives ol this experimenIs were to evaluate the ensiling melhods for possibly more ellicıent and longlastıng erese-venon of sugar beet polp, rich in energy and cheap leedstuff. For this reason, silages dry matter increased to 20% by adding wheat straw or grass hayand added 5% beet molasses, and 1% urea in only wheat straw con taining sılage. These twosilages and com silage and grass hay were Ulilized in dairy cow diets. In daiıy cow trial , DM intake of daiıy cow were sinnla ramong silages, but higher in dairy cow led grass hay compared with those fed silage diets (P<0.05). Total milk, tat corrected mrlk, solid correcıed milk prcd uctlons and cornposıtıon of milk we re similar among oets. Rumen pH were similar, nowever, rumarı NH3-N ccncentrations were higher in cows led SBPSM silage wilh cows Ied grass hay 3-h pos treeding (P<0.05). While leetıc acid and prc pionic acid concentrations of rumen fluid we re similar, bui ecetcacid concentratrens ol cows led SBPHM silage were ıower lh an those cows fed other dıe ts (P<0.05). Whereas lotal serum oroteo. glueose. calcium, and lriglyeeride corıce n lra tıon s were similar, serum urea-N, phosphorous and cholesterol concenlralions were different among treatment groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, when DM corıcentralion ol sugar bee t pulp ineteased up to 20% and suppJemenled with moıasses, a salisfying quaıey silage can be accomplished. The nutnnve value ol th ıs silage may equal LOthe nutritive value ol com silage. Results obtained in dairy cow experiment were verv enceuraging, the use of sugar beet pulp silage.

Effects of Nor adrenal in on the Activity of Stellate cells in Mouse Cochlear Nucleus

Ramazan Bal — 2001-12-01

In this study, it was aimed to assess the effects ol noradrenalın on the stellate neuron Intracellular recordings were performed (rom stellate neurons ol mice cochlear nucleus in vitro using the whole cell patch clamp technique The resting potential of stellate neurons was -61.3 ± 3.3 milivolt (mV)Hn= 18) and input resistance was 210 21 megaOhm (Mil) (n=18). Noradrenalin (100 mikro mo! (nM)) applied in perfusion solution depolarized the resting potantial by 26.1 ±4.1 rnV (n=5). In some cells, noradrenalin caused the resting potential to shift further in depolarized potentials, resulting in being spontaneously silent. The study of voltage clamp using ramp voltage protocol indicated that potassium current decreased. In conclusion, noradrenalin increases the spontaneously occurring activity, decreasing the potassium current amplitude.

The Estimation of Correlation Between Milk and Reproductive Traits in Holstein by Canonical Correlation Analysis

İsmet Doğan — 2001-12-01

The method developing tor predicting !he values ot one or more variables from other variables is an imponant statistical problem in every branch of science This leads to the foundation ot relationship between two groups ot variables. The process ot maximizing the correlation between two linear function ot two sets of random variables is known as Canonical Correlation Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis is a statistical method which has been used to describe the re latıonshıp between a set o! independent and a set of dependent variables The aim of this study is estimate the canonical correlation coefficient between milk production trails (milk yield, lactation duration, dry period) and reproductive traits (age at first conception, calving interval, the number of insemination per conception, service period, calving season, calving year, gestation period) in 440 Holstein Cows. The data relating to milk and reproductive traits in the period of 1985-1992 ol a Holstein herd at the Bala State Farm was used. The STATISTICA 5.0 package programme was used tor applying this method The canonical correlation coefficient was estimated to be 0.931566 (p<0.0001) between milk and reproductive traits.

Clinical Evaluations of Testes, Penis and Prepuce Diseases in Domestic Animals

Yılmaz Koç, Fahrettin Alkan — 2001-12-01

In this study 59 domestic animals with testes, penis and prepuce diseases were attended to the Department of Surgery, Faculty o( Veterinary Science, The University of Selçuk between the period 1995-2001. These diseases were involved orchitis, hydrocele, hematocele, hernia scrotalis, balanitis, posthitis, balanoposthıtıs, paraphimosis, penis injuries, penis neoplasia, urethral perforation and urethral dilatation In this retrospective study, both clinical finding and the results of treatments of testes, penis and prepuce diseases in domestic animals were evaluated and discussed.

he Effect of Cyclosporine in Lambs with Oral Papillomatosis

Fahrettin Alkan, Celal İzci, Mustafa Ortatatlı, Yılmaz Koç, Musa Karaman — 2001-12-01

In this study, cyclosporine is considered a new aspect tor treatment of oral papillomatosis in lambs. Seventeen iambs with oral papillomatosis were used as material. Lambs were given a daily oral cyclosporine dose at 5 mg/kg of body weigh! for 5 days, Histo pathological evaluations were caried out on biopsy samples taken from oral papillomatosis Gross and h i stopat ho logical examinations revealed that prominent regression of tumor was seen at 11th day of treatment It is concluded that cyclosporine might be useful for treatment of oral papillomatosis in lambs.

Light Microscopic Investigations on the Fundic Mucosa of Rabbit Stomach at Prenatal and Postnatal Periods

Mine Yaman, Aydın Girgin — 2001-12-01

In this study. 20 female and 4 male New Zealand Albino rabbits, their fetuses and newborns were used. The rabbits were sacrificied and the tissue samples were taken from fundus of stomach and processed (or light microscopic investigations. At the 19 th day of prenatal period mucosal epithelial layer surrounding the central lumen displayed stratified structure and surface of mucosa itself displayed a rough course. Also, at the 21st day of prenatal period, mucosal surface was irregular and the epithelium consisted of 2-3 cell layers. At the 23 rd day of fetal period the mucosal epithelium was stratified and developing primary glands were first observed at this period. At the 27 th day of the fetal period, epithelium had simple columnar structure. At the 29 th day of fetal period, the mucosal surface was covered with a thin mucus layer which was strongly positive for alcian blue. On the 1 st day of postnatal period, fundic mucosa continued its development and by the 20 day it has gained its mature structure.

Macroanatomical Investigations on the Dural Sinuses and Their Extracranial Venous Connections in Akkaraman Sheep and Angora Goat

Hakan Yalçın, Sadettin Tıpırdatmaz — 2001-12-01

In this study, extracranial connections of the dural sinus were investigated in Akkaraman Sheep and Angora Goat. For this purpose, eight adult healtly Akkaraman sheep and Angora goat either sex were used as a material. Blue lalex was injected into the external jugular vein. It was determined that the dural sinus consisted ol the ventral and dorsal systems of the dural sinuses. The dorsal system is composed of the transverse sinus, temporal stnus, sigmoid sinus, confluens sinuum, dorsal sagittal sinus and straight sinus The ventral system of the dural sinus is consisted of the ventral petrosus sinus, basilar sinus and cavernosus sinus. It was observed that extracranial connection of vertebral vein and occipital vein is to be provided by occipital emissarial vein, It was determined that extracranial connection of basilar sinus and ventral petrosal sinus is to be provided hypoglossial n. canal emissarial vein. II was determined that extracranial connection of ventral petrosal sinus and occipital vein is to be provided by jugular torammal emissary vein. It was determined that extracranial connectioned of temporal sinus and pterygoideal plexus is to be provided by retroarticular foraminal emissary vein. It was observed that extracranial vein connection of cavernosa! sinus and pterygoideal plexus is to be provided by oval foraminal emissarial vein. It was determined thai extracranial connection ol cavernosa! sinus and ophthalmic plexus is to be provided by orbitorotundi foraminal emissarial vein.

Macroanatomic Investigations on the Branches of the Internal Iliac Artery in Kangal Dogs

Hakan Yalçın, Zafer Daşçı, Nejdet Dursun — 2001-12-01

Twelve adult healthy Kangal Dogs [Turkish Shepherd Dog) of male (6) and female (6), 2-4 years old, weighting 18-20 kg were used in this study. Red latex was injected to common carotid artery. Following this, the internal iliac artery were dissected. It was determined that the internal iliac artery came to an end leaving to the caudal gluteal and internal pudendal arteries at the level of the a!a ossis ilii. It was observed that the umblical artery reached to the side bound of the urinary bladder and onginated as Ihe lig teres vesicae at the level of the internal iliac artery its origin. It was determined that the caudal gluteal artery ended separating between the semitendinosis and semimembranosus muscles and, its originated as another from the last two branches of the internal iliac artery at the level of the ala ossis ilii. The internal pudendal artery is another from the last two branches of the internal iliaca artery. It was observed that the internal pudendal artery originated from the level of Ihe lor. ischiadicum minor.

A Case of Notomelie Observed in a Calf

Fahrettin Alkan, Yılmaz Koç, Kamil Beşoluk, Musa Karaman — 2001-12-01

In this case report, notomelie abnormality which was seen in a female and fourty days old cross-breed calf was described. Notomelie in ruminants occur as a result ot exogen and endogen factors or both influences. It may be difficult or in some cases impossible to determine which exerts the greater effect. The notomelie was operated successfully under local anaesthesia and premedication.The case of notomelie is very seldom and interesting on the calves. For this reason, this case has been reported.

A Case of Extraumbilical Ectopia Hepatica in a Lamb

Yılmaz Koç, Fahrettin Alkan — 2001-12-01

In this study, the extraumbilical ectopia hepatice in a three days old, female. 4 kg weight. Akkaraman breed lamb was described. The abdominal wall at the umbilicus was widened and abdominal cavity was observed for any ab-normahes and refuse. There was no seen any abnormalies. Ectopic liver was refused in the abdominal cavity.