Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1998; 14(1)

Effects of Garlic and Aspirin on Some Blood Parameters of New Zeland Rabbits Fed Cholesterol Rich Ration

Zafer Durgun, Ercan Keskin, Nurcan Dönmez, Feyyaz Önder — 1998-01-01

In the study, the effects of aspirin and garlic powder supplementation on some haemotological parameters in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits were investigated.Although the plasma cholesterol level in the groups fed cholesterol -rich ration for 4 weeks significantly (p<0.05) increased as compared with the control group, the plasma cholesterol levels in the group supplemented with garlic powder was found to be significantly lower than in both the group received the cholesterol-rich ration alone and the group fed the ration with aspirin (p<0.05).The haematocrit levels and erythrocyte counts in the groups supplemented with garlic (%29.2, 3.57x10⁶ respectively) and aspirin (%28.2, 3.4x10⁶ respectively) were significantly lower as compared with the control group (%38.5, 4.82x10⁶ respectively) and the group fed the cholesterol-rich ration alone (%40.4, 4.78x10⁶ respectively) (p<0.05). Haemoglobine amount also was determined to be significantly lower in the rabbits received aspirin (8.84 g/dl) than those in the control group (10.76 g/ dl) and the group fed the cholesterof-rich ration alone (10.58 g/dl) (p<0.05).There were no significant differences between the leucocyte types in the all groups. ECG also showed no significant changes with any treatment.The data shows the haemodilution reflected by the decreases in the haemotocrit, haemoglobine and erythrocyte levels with aspirin and garlic powder supplementation. But to support the prevalanl popular belief in the efficacy of garlic in the management of cardiovascular disease risks, further studies including the b,ood volume, body fluid and urine amount determinations are needed on this subject.

Determination of Furosemide Levels in Pharmaceutical Preparations

İbrahim Pirinçci, İzzet Karahan, Kadir Servi, Haki Kara — 1998-01-01

Furosemide is an orthochtorosuHonamid derivative that is a potent diuretic. This compound marketed by some chemical factories is an agent widely used tor therapy of oedema. This study was made to investigate whether preparations had the description levels of furosemide or not. Furosemide preparations were analyzed by spectrophotometry method. Absorbances were measured at 630 nm. Means of turosemide levels in the tablets and solutions were determinated 39.96±1.89 and 18.62±0.64 mg respectively.

The Effect of The Rations Containing Different Ratios of Urea on Rumen and Blood Metabolites of Angora Goats

Şule Kaya, Mehmet Kocabatmaz — 1998-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of urea which is supplied to the basal ration containing 75 % of wheat straw and 25 % of concentrate feed as 2 % (group i) and % 4 (group ii) of concentrate feed on the saliva, rumen fluid and blood parameters of Angora goats. In this study 3 male Angora goats at the age of 1.5 years were used according to the 3X3 Latinsquare design. The samples were taken before feeding, 2nd and 6th hours after feeding. The rumen ammonia nitrogen of the group ii at the all sampling times (P<0.01) and the blood urea nitrogen of the same group increased (p<0.01) compared with other groups at sampling times after feeding.The pH of rumen fluid of the group i and the control animals decreased (p<0.01) after feeding. The urea nitrogen of saliva (respectively p<0.05, p<0.01) and the numbers of the rumen fluid protozoa (p<0.01) increased in 2 % and %4 urea supplied groups than that control group at before and after feeding samples.The saliva pH was higher in the group ii compared with the control group at 2nd sampling time (p<0.05).The blood ammonia nitrogen concentration of the same group was the highest in other groups at the same sampling time. The total blood serum protein concentration of the control group increased compared with urea supplied groups (p<0.01). The blood glucose concentration of the group I was higher than the control group at the 2nd sampling time (p<0.05).There weren't significanl differences among the groups and sampling times considering estimated asetic and propionic acid values. The concentration of butiric acid of the group I was the highest in the groups at before feeding samples and was higher than the control group at 3rd sampling time.The concentration of the total volatile fatty acids wasn't different among the groups. in conclusion; the decreased rumen fluid pH and the increased butiric acid concentration of group I, indicated that there were positive effect on the use of rumen ammonia nitrogen and the energy requirement of rumen epitelia and synthesis of milk protein and glucose compared with other groups. Therefore, the supply of %2 of urea to the basal ration containing % 25 of concentrate feed was suggested to the farmers.

The Investigation of Some Toxicokinetic Parameters of Cyanide and Thiocyanate in Rumen Liquor and Blood in Sheep Poisoned with Amygdalin

İbrahim Pirinçci, Sadettin Tanyıldızı, Sezai Kaya, Ender Yarsan, Songül Özaydın — 1998-01-01

This investigalion was carried out to establish some toxicokinelic parameters of the cyanide in rumen liquor and cyanide and thiocyanate in blood of the sheep experimenıally poisoned with amygdalin. In this study, 20 sheep 40 - 50g weights were used. Amygdalin was given orally in doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg/kg. The cyanide and thiocyanate levels in samples were determined. Then some toxicokinetic parameters of the cyanide and thiocyanate like as the distribution half-life, the elimination half-life, mean residence times and area under the curve (AUC) in rumen liquor and the blood samples laken at 0.5, 1, 2,4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 th hours were eslablished. The distribution half-lifes of cyanide levels in rumen liquor were respectively, 0.18±0.009, 0.14±0.01. 4.66±0.11 and 4.82±0.17.hours; the elimination half-lifes were respectively, 17.22±0.66, 14.80±0.43, 9.21±0.16 and 9.66±0.40 hours; AUC values according lo doses were respectively, 30.68±0.65, 30.04i0.24, 38.57±0.22 and 39.29±0.17 µg.hour/ml were observed. Besides mean residence times were respectively, 26.52±1.01, 23.66±0.33, 19.55±0.12 and 19.72±0.35 hours; the duration of maximal cyanide concentration were respeclively, 2, 1 8 and 8th hour; and the maximal cyanide levels according to were respeclively, 0.983. 1.025, 1.241 and 1.225 µg/ml were determined. The distribution half-lifes of blood cyanide levels were respectively, 0.15±0.05, 0.42±0.04, 1.45±2.05 and 9.73±3.74 hours; the elimination half-lifes were respectively, 59.48±4.40, 55.12±42.66, 70.77±4.10 and 48.05±19.27 hours; and AUC values according lo doses were respectively, 18.45±0.85. 45.10±21.14, 27.45±2.02 and 2S.76±2.77 µg.hour/ml were established. Besides mean residence times of cyanide levels in blood were respectively, 87.56+5.93, 86.94±54.02, 105.93±7.25 and 75.21±23.10 hours; the duration of maximal concentration 1 hours; and the maximal blood levels according to doses were respectively, 0.165, 0173, 0.166 and 0.210 µg/ml were delermined. The distribution half-lifes of blood thiocyanate levels were respectively, 2.05+1.45, 0. 16±0.05. 0.17±0.04 and 0.29±0.13 hours; the elimination half-lifes were respectively, 88.93±25.08, 73.21±19.44, 80.28±10.41 and 80.81±15.26 hours; AUC values were respectively, 8.60±6.42, 7.47±2.40, 7.14±1.02 and 10.67±3.55 µg.hour/ml; and mean residence times according to doses were respectively, 130.56±36.48, 107.20±27.54, 117.23+14.65 and 117.67±22.01 hours were calculated. Besides, the duration of maximal concentralion 1 , 2, 2 and 2 hours; and the maximal blood levels according to doses were respectively, 0.064, 0.056, 0.066 and 0.056µg/ml were determined.

The Use of Urinary Purine Derivatives to Estimate Microbial Protein Supply and Feed Intake

Şule Kaya — 1998-01-01

The urinary excretion of allantoin was first suggested as an index of rumen microbial protein yield about 30 years ago. Major progress towards establishing a method to relate purine derivatives excretion to microbial protein yield has only been made tn recent years. So that. the biochemistry of the purines. the factors effecting the amount ol purine derivatives excreted in the urine and the different approches to estimate recovery ol these denvatives originating from different sources has been explained in order to guide lor who is interested in this subject.

The Investigation of Toxicokinetics Parameters of Cyanide and Thiocyanate in Mice

Sadettin Tanyıldızı, İbrahim Pirinçci, Sezai Kaya, Bünyamin Traş, Ender Yersan — 1998-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the some toxicokinetic parameters of cyanide and thiocyanate in mice experimentally poisoned with sodium cyanide. In the study, 200 mice, 40-50 g weights, were used. Sodium cyanide were given intraperitoneally in doses of 0,1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg. Then, some toxicokinetic parameters of the cyanide and thiocyanate like as distribution half-life, elimination half-life, mean existence lime and area under the curve (AUC) in the blood samples drawn at 6, 12, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360 ve 720th minutes were determined. The distribution half-lifes ol blood cyanide levels were, respectively, 0.04±0.02, 0.05±0.009. 0.06±0.008 and 0.08±0.01th hour; the elimination half-lifes were, respectively, 3.06±0.14, 2.36±0.02, 2.33±0.03 and 2.28±0.06 hours; the duration of maximal concentration was 12 minutes and the maximal blood levels, according to doses, respectively, were 0.153, 0.308, 0.350 and 0.376 µ,g/ml. Besides. mean existence times were, respectively, 4.53±0.20, 3.50±0.03, 3.46±0.05 and 3.43±0.12 hours and AUC values according to doses were, respectively, 33.50±2.62, 45.40±1.84, 48.91±2.77 and 58.47±2.54 µg.hour/ml were observed. The distribution half-lifes of blood thiocyanate levels were, respectively, 0.07±0.008, 0.09±0.005, 0.09±0.005 and 0.18±0.05 hours; the elimination hall-lifes were, respectively, 62.80±19.36, 25.79±2.65, 14.48±0.41 and 14.53±0.80 hours; the duration of maximal concentration 120 minutes and the maximal blood levels according to doses were, respectively, 0.265, 0246, 0.408 and 0.444 µg/ml. Besides, mean existence times were, respectively, 90.27±27.95, 37.37±3.83, 21.04±0.59 and 21.27±1.17 hours and AUC values according to doses were, respectively, 79.13±54.19, 28.06±15.38, 8.92±0.45 and 89.22±49.91 µg.hour/ml.

Seroprevalance of Toxoplasmosis on Stray Dogs in Elazığ

Münir Aktaş, Cahit Babür, Zafer Karaer, Nazir Dumanlı, Ergün Köroğlu — 1998-01-01

This study was carried out in stray dogs in Elazığ. A total of 53 dogs were examined for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using Sabin-Feldman test (SF). Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 40 (75.4%) of the dogs. Titers of 1/16, 1/64, 1/256, 1/1024 were found in 17 (42.5%), 12 (30%), 8 (20%) and 3 (7.5%) of the seropositive dogs respectively.

A STUDY ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY EUROPEAN CATFISH (Silurus glanis) and AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias lazera)

Fikri Aydın, Hijran Yıldız Yavuzcan, Serap Pulatsü — 1998-01-01

In European catfish (Silurus glanis) and African catfish (Clarias lazera), hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cells, white blood cells, trombocyte counts, total plasma protein were determined and Wintrobe erytrocyte indices (MCH, MCHC, MCV) were calculated. A normal ranges of some hematological parameters for healthy individuals were presented.

Investigation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Cats Using Sabin-Feldman Dye Test in Elazığ

Cahit Babür, Münir Aktaş, Nazir Dumanlı, Mehtap Gül Altaş — 1998-01-01

This study was carried out in cats in Elazığ. A total of 36 eats were examined for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using Sabin-Feldman dye test (SF). Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 20 (55.5%) of the cats. Titers of 1/16, 1/64 were found in 9 (45%) and 11 (55%) of the seropozitive cats respectively, Toxoplasma gondii oocyst was not found in the faeces examination.

Analysis of Domestic Animals Brought to Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selçuk between 1990-1995

İbrahim Taşal, Mehmet Uçar, Hüseyin Erdem — 1998-01-01

The numbers of animals brought to the clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department between 19901995 were totally 2623. Distributions of animals according to the species were cattle 89.10%, sheep 3.85%, cats 3.09%, dogs 1.75%, goats 1.44%, horses 0.69%, avian 0.08%. Pregnancy diagnosis (38.48%) was the most common case and the others were mastitis (15.59%), genital tract examination (11.39%), metritis (7.20%), teat defecls (6.44%), retentio secundinarium (4.74%), ovarian cysts (3.73%), dystocia (2.68%) and ovariohyslerectomie (2.57%), respectively. In conclusion, the analysis indicaled that there was an increase in the number of animals brought to the clinic in every year. This increase was important for developing of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and also education of the students.

Prepartum and Postpartum Concentrations of Lipids and Lipoproteins in Dairy Cows

Mutlu Sevinç, Abdullah Başoğlu, Fatih Birdane, İsmail Öztok, Mustafa Yenice — 1998-01-01

In this study, cholesterol, triglyceride; HDL, LDL and VLDL concentrations in sera were analysed from the seventh month of pregnancy to the second month of lactation in 13 Holstein dairy cows. Triglyceride and VLDL concentrations were significantly elevated (p<0.001) and HDL concentration was significantly decreased (P<0.001) in the first month of lactation. LDL concentration was significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the eighth month of pregnancy and at parturation, and it was significantly elevated (p<0.001) in the first two months of lactation. Cholesterol level significantly increased (p<0.001) in the second month of lactation, and VLDL level in the seventh month of pregnancy was significantly decreased (p<0.001).

EMEKLİYE AYRILAN PROF. DR. LEYLA KALAYCIOĞLU HOCANIN HAYATI VE ÇALIŞMALARI

Aşkın Yaşar — 1998-01-01

The effect of yeast on the treatment and prevention of experimentally induced cerebrocortical necrosis in lambs

1998-01-01

The effect of yeast on the treatment and prevention of the cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN) induced experimentally by amprolium in lambs was investigated in this study. Nine healthy lambs (aging between 6 and 8 months, and weighing between 14 and 16 kg) were used as a material. Nine lambs were divided into 3 groups. Each group had 3 animals. Amprolium (600 mg/kg/ day) was given to induce CCN orally to all the groups during experiment by stomach tube. Yeast (2 g/kg/day) was given orally to the lambs of group 1 and 3 to treat and to prevent the CCN. The lambs of all the groups exhibited clinical findings related with CCN between 24 and 62 days of the ex-periment, except two lambs of the group 1. Serum ALT and glucose concentrations increased (p <0.05, p<0.01), and plasma thiamine concentration decreased (p <0.05, p<0.01) in all of the lambs. Meningial hyperemia, swelling and oedematous brain were observed in alt of the lambs, excluding lambs 1 and 3 in the necropsy. Histologically, ischemic neuronal changes, perivascular and perineuronal oedema and focal necrosis were determined in cerebellar cortex in all of the lambs, excluding lambs 1 and 3. The results of this study showed that using of yeast might have beneficial in the prevention of the CCN in lambs.

Macroanatomic Investigations on the Branches of the Aortic Arch in Kangal Dogs

Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Hakan Yalçın, Nejdet Dursun — 1998-01-01

In this study. the distribution of the aortic arch was investigated in thorax. In this purpose, twelve kangal dogs (different sex), were used. It was determined that two vessels, left subclavian artery and brachiocephalic trunk, arised from the subclavian artery then, at the level of the medial of first rib, costocervical trunk left the subclavian artery after originating of the last artery one centimeter later, left subclavian artery gave off cervical superficial and intemal thoracic artery. It was seen that internal thoracic artery give branches a. pericardiacophrenica, rami thymici, rami mediastinales, rami perforantes, rami intercostales ventrales, a. musculophrenica and a. epigastrica cranialis at the level of the third sternebra and the floor of the thorax.

Cholangiocellular Carcinoma in a Cat

M. Kemal Çiftçi, Mustafa Ortatatlı, Sırrı Avki — 1998-01-01

In this case report, a cholangiocellular carcinoma diagnosed in a 13 years-otd female cat was described. The cat, euthanasied intraoperatively, was necropsied, and grossly, grayish coloured, rounded or cauliflower shaped multinodular masses sized 8-9 centimetres were observed in the liver. The same nodules were confirmed in the lungs, also. Microscopic examinations of the liver and lungs revealed that tumoral masses were originated from intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells that orientated as commonly wide radial or rarely asinar manner. The case was classified as a cholangiocellular carcinoma.

Macroanatomic Studies on the Stomach of Camel

Hasan Erden, M. Kamil Öcal, Necdet Güzel, Erkut Kara, İlknur Öğüt — 1998-01-01

Work was undertaken to elucidate the macroanatomic details of the stomach of the camel. Fifteen adult healthy one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) were used. The abdominal organs were kept in situ and their relations to the stomach were examined. The anatomic structure of the camel stomach was compared in other ruminants, and the functional significance of the differences is discussed. It was observed that the stomach of the camel is composed of four compartments (rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum), as in all ruminants. On the contrary, they differ greatly in shape and structure from the typical design encountered in the ruminants. It has a capacity of approximately 80 litres. It extended from the diaphragm to the pelvic inlet and occupied the major portion of the abdominal cavity. The rumen was divided into a relatively small cranioventral and a large caudodorsal sacs. The cra-nioventral sac was composed of so-called 'Water sac' or 'glandular sac' and non glandular area. Intemally the glandular sacs consist of smaller compartments divided by strong longitudinal bands and most of these compartments are again sub-divided by transverse bands, thus giving them a honey comb appearance. The mucous membrane of the rumen was not studded with papillae. The reticulum is a pear shaped organ and unlike other ruminant. The mucous membrane of the reticulum formed deep pouches which are separated from each other by muscular bands. Each pouch was again divided and sub-divided to form many layers. The mucous of the pouches are studded with very small rounded papillae. It was determined that there is a metallic ring one of the camel reticulum. The omasum was a long colon-shaped organs and very different from the omasum of the other domestic ruminants. The mucous membrane was thrown into about 50-60 longitudinal folds which gives a leafy appearance to this organ. Intemally the abomasum was divided into fundic and pyloric parts.

Osteosarkom bei einem Kangal Schaferhund

Hüdaverdi Erer, Ertuğrul Elma, Fatih Hatipoğl u, Fahrettin Alkan — 1998-01-01

In diesem Fall wurde Osleosarkom bei einem 5jahrigen mannlichen Kangal Schaferhund mil Lahmheit der linken HinlergliedmaBe beschrieben. Das Tumor wurde klinisch, radiologisch und pathologisch un-tersucht. Makroskopisch wurde eine grau-gelbliche neoplastische MaBe in der praximalen Tibia beobachtet. An den Schnittflâchen dieser MaBe lagen hâmorrhagische und nekrotische Herde. Ahnliche neoplastische MaBe wurden in den kranialen und medialen Lappen der Lungen betroffen. Anhand von mikroskopischen Angaben wurden die neoplastische MaBe an der Tibia und Lungenmelaslase als gemischles Osteosarkom diagnostiert.

Hydrocephalus, Scoliosis, Palatoschisis and Arthrogryposis in a Brown Swiss calf

Serap Türkütanıt, Recai Tunca — 1998-01-01

Various malfonnations were defined on a dead Brown Swiss calf born by cesarean section.Significant hydrocephalus was observed in this case. Circumference of the skull and quantity of cerebrospinal fluid in ii were 93 cm. and 12 It. respectively. Also cranioschisis, scoliosis, spinal stenosis, palatoschisis and arthrogryposis were observed in the case.

Effects of in Ovo Administrated Testosterone Propionate at Early Embryonic Period on Chicken Bursa Fabricii

Hasan Hüseyin Dönmez, İlhami Çelik — 1998-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of in ovo administrated testosterone propionate (TP) on the embryonic development of bursa of Fabricius and also to determine the histological changes occuring at post-hathcing period. In the study, totally 350 fertilized eggs of a hybrid breed, B55 were used. The eggs were divided into two groups. First-group eggs were served as controls, in the second group-eggs, which were treated with testosterone propionate, constituted experimental. Light microscopic observations have showed that in ovo hormonal bursectomy adversely affected lymphoid follicle development via blocking the epithelial bud formation. Nevertheless, TP-treatment did not completely prevented follicle formation in the organ; atrophic and degenerated follicfes with cysts were also seen, although they were in small numbers. In TP-treated group, the organ was smaller than those of conlrols and most of the lymphoid follicles have not completed their development. At the first week of post-hatching period lymphoid infiltration areas and cysts were observed in the lamina propria of the organ. At the 8th week of post-hatching period, a rudiment of the organ which was mainly constituted of the connective tissue containing diffuse lymphoid in-fillration areas was observed.

Etiological and pathological studies on bacterial abortions of sheeps and cattles in North-East Anatolia Region

Yavuz S. Sağlam, S. Serap Türkütanıt, Rüştü Taştan, Hidayet Bozoğlu, Salih Otlu — 1998-01-01

In this study were examined bacteriological etiology and pathologically findings of 96 cattle 119 sheep aborted fetuses in North-East Anatolia Region examined beetwen 1994-1996. In Erzurum Province, 42.25 % Brucella spp., 1.40 % Haemophilus somnus, 1.40 % Corynebacterium spp., 1.40 % Salmonella dublin in bovine aborted fetuses and 45.23 % Brucella spp., 2.38 % Corynebacterium spp., 5.95 % Salmonella abortus ovis, 3.57 % Campylobacter fetus subspp. in sheep aborted fetus were isolated. In Kars Province , 40 % Brucella spp., 1.04 % Campylobacter fetus in bovine aborted fetuses and 5.70 % Campylobacter fetus, 5.71 % Salmonella spp., 1.19 % Streptococcus spp. in sheep aborted fetuses were isolated. Etiology of the bacteria could not be determined on the average 54.81 % aborted fetuses. Histopathologically, catarrhal bronchopneumonie, nonpurulent interstitial nephritis, diffuse or focal necrosis in the liver, degeneration in hepatocytes were observated. Congenital malformations including scoliose, arthrose, prognathie, cerebellar hypoplasie and ichtyosis congenita and were delected in 3 catlles and 4 sheeps fetuses.

EMEKLİ OLAN PROF. DR. MEHMET KOCABATMAZ HOCA'NIN HAYATI VE BİLİMSEL ÇALIŞMALARI

Aşkın Yaşar — 1998-01-01

Effects of various vitamin and trace elements of minerals supplementation in lamb diets on fattening performance, blood plasma levels, wool characteristics and nutrient digestibility

Halit İmik, Behiç Coşkun, Melik Aytaç Ali Muhtar Tiftik — 1998-01-01

In this study. it was aimed to search the effect of vitamin and trace minerals on the faltening performance, blood plasma, wool quality, and digestibility in lambs. Thirty five. about 2.5 months-old, Akkaraman lambs were used for 56 days. The search was conducted with 5 different groups. Vitamin and mineral premix were not added to the diets of first group, commercial levef of vitamin premix were added to the diets of second group (V), commercial level of mineral premix were added to third group (M), both vitamin and mineral premixes were added together to the diets of forth group (VM), half commercial level of both premixes were added to the diets of fifth group (VM/2). The temperatures varied from 24 to 36 C during the study. In K, V, M, VM and VM/2 groups average daily live weight gains were 241, 271, 368, 350 and 361 gram respectively. The groups to which mineral premix were added gained more weight than the other groups significantly (P<0.05). After shearing thickness in the samples obtained from HİP area were 22.69, 27.71, 27.56, 27.60 and 27.30 ( respectively. In addition dirty and clean wool weights, heights and on-dulation rate were determined. At the end of fattening period, the levels of vitamin A in blood sera samples were 81.30, 100.19, 100.96, 80.54 and 81.52 d/dl; 175.21, 198.93,269.46,236.43 and 251.39 d/dl for Zn; 172.68, 152.50, 172.68, 152.50, 127.00, 127.14 and 107.22 d/dl for Cu respectively. As a result, adding the mineral premixes in the lamb fattening diets caused to increase in body weight and tend to increased in thickness ol the wool.