Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1990; 6(1)

Microbiologic Studies on Mastitis in Sheep

Mehmet ATEŞ, Osman ERGANİŞ, Osman KAYA, Mehmet ÇORLU — 1990-01-01

This investigation was performed on 800 milch sheep belonged two state farm in Konya region. Sheep were examined by elinical procedures and tested with California Mastitis test (CMT). Milk samples taken from sheep with maStitis (CMT scores, ++/+++) w ere cultured in aerobic, microaerophlic and anaerobic conditions for bacteriological and mycological examination bacteria isolated and identified were tested against Ampicillin, Streptomycin, Tetracyclin, Penicillin, Kanamycin, Erytromycin, Gentamyem and Chloramphenicol discs (Difco ). In this area, in the mammary glands of 13.5 % of the -tested sheep, mastitis was detected. Although the rates of elinical mastitis was 0.75 percent, subclinical mastitis in sheep was 12.75 percent. Microbiologic isolation were succeded from (75.0 %) 81 samples of 108 mastitic milk. But, there was mix infection in 8 samples. The percent values of isolated microorganisms were found as below : 57.3 % Staph. aureus, 9.0 % for E. coli, 7.9 %for Bacillus ssp. 5.0% for B. cereus, 5.0% for C. pyogenes (Actinomyces pyogenes), 3.4 % for Str. agalactiae, 3.4 % for C. pyogenes (Actinomyces pyogenes), 3.4% for Sir. agalactiae, 3.4% for K. pneumoniae, 3.4 %for Candida albicans, 2.2 % for B. subtilis, 1.1 %for Str. dysgalactiae and 1.1 for Enterobacter ssp. In antibiotic susceptibility tests, Staph. aureus isolates were found to be sensitive to Tetracyclin, Chloramphenicol and Erytromycin, at the rates of 76.0 %, 58.0 % and 38.0 %, respectively. E. coli strains were sensitive to Streptomycin (100 %) and Tetracyclin (100 %), C. pyogenes strains were sensitive at the rates of 100 %, 80.0% and 80.0 %, for Penicillin, Streptomycin and Chloramphenicol, respectively.

Studies at the level of light and electron microscopy the connection of perlslnusoldal cells with Vitamin A, Lipid metabolisms and fatty liver syndrome In hens

Reşat Nuri AŞTI — 1990-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate at the level of light and electron microcopy the connection of perisinusoidal cells with Vitamin A, lipid metabolism and fatty liver syndrome in hens. Forty adult Bobcock breed hens were used throughout the study. Examination of control animals' liver tissue revealed few perisinusoidal cells carrying one or two smail lipid droplets in their cytoplasms. In the animals subcutanely administrated with Vitamin A palmitat, it was determined that the number of perisinusoidal cells and of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of these cells were increased lipid droplets in the epithelial cells had not changed. In the third group animals fed with high energy rations, histopathological features of fatty liver syndrome were observed.Epithelial cells of the liver tissue filled with big and smal lipid droplets.lt was determined that the number of perisinusoidal cells and of lipid droplets of these cells had not changed. On the other hand characteristic histopathological findings of fatty liver syndrome were sean in the hepatic cells of hens fed with high energy rations and given Vitamin A palmitat. In addition, together with the increase in the number of lipid droplets enumeration of perisinusoidal cells have multiplied. According to our findings. lt was concluded that perisinusoidal cells of liver are related with Vitamin A metabolism. However these cells did not participate in the formatian of fatty liver syndrome and lipid metabolism.

Studies on the fertilization of mouse eggs in vitro

Tevfik TEKELİ, Mehmet GÜLER, Melih AKSOY — 1990-01-01

The aim of this study was to test the recommended techniques of in vitro fertilization in Iriice as an experimental animaL Adult female mice of Swiss albino strain were superovulated by intrapeıitonal injection of PMSG and HCG 48 hours apart. They were killed 16 hours after injection of HCG and their eggs were recovered under warm oil in a plastic dish containing 0.4 ml of ineubatian medium. Sperms recovered from cauda epididymis of adult males of the same strairi were suspended in a medtum and incubated at 37° C under % 5 CO₂ in air for 1.5-2 hours before they were used for insemination. The ineubatian medium was THY medium containing glucose, sodium pyruvate, bovine albumtn and antibiotics. At the time of insemination, a drop of sperm suspension (10-20 µl) was added to the medium contatning egg clot. Eggs and sperms were incubated in ineubatian medium for 6 hours. In the fırst group, fertilized eggs were left into the same medium. In the second group they were transferred to the development medium (Modifıed Whitten's) without sodium lactate and incubated until they were examtned under stereo-microscope. As a conclusion, in this study fertilized eggs and 2-cell stage embıyos were obtained but further stage of embıyos (morulae, blastocyst) couldn't be reached.

Histopathological studies upon effects of zeranol on the reproductive system in male merino lambs

M. Kemal ÇİFTÇİ, Metin Münir KIRAN — 1990-01-01

Zeranal has been used as anabolic agent in cattle and sheep, especially in recent years. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of zeranal on the development and histopathological changes of reproductive organs of male merino lambs implanted with zeranaL In this trial, tourty-five m ale merino lambs at 126 ± 8 days of age were used. These lambs were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of 15 animals. Group I and group II were implanted with 12 mg zeranal subcutaneously the base of ear of lambs at the baginning of trials. After that, the same dose of zeranal was reimplanted to group II 40 days after first implantation. The remaining 15 lambs were used as a control group. Five lambs from each groups were slaughtered at 80, 120 and 160 days atter the trial. The implantation of zeranal to the lambs induced histopathological changes in the genital tract, which included; reduced seminiferous tubular diameter, delayed spermatogenesis in the testes; increased interductal connective tissue, adenomyosis, hyperplasia and intraepithelial lumina in the epididymides; squamous metaplasia, cystic dilatation of same acini, keratinisation, hyperplasia and increase in connective tissue in the prestat and bulbourethral gland; reduced alveolar development and an increase in connective tissue, alveoler cystic dilatation in vesicular gland. lt may be concluded that zeranal induced changes in the testes was reversible, whereas changes in epididymides, prostat, bulbourethral and vesiculer gland were irreversible. For this reason, zeranal implanted lambs should not be used for breeding purpose.

Histopathological changes in the testes, epididimis and accessory sex glands of pubertal brown swiss male bulls zeranol implanted

M. Kemal ÇİFTÇİ, Fazıl DELİGÖZOĞLU, Zuhal KAYA, Bünyamin TRAŞ — 1990-01-01

This study was carried out to determine the effects of zeranal implantation that had been used as an anabolic agent on the reproductive tract in the Brown Swiss male bulls. Twenty three Brown Swiss bulls, 6-9 months old, were used in this study. These bulls were divided into three groups; Control, Group I and Group II. 36 mg zeranal was implanted subcutaneously .at the base of ear of bulls in Group I and Group II at the beginning of the experiment and the same dose was reimplanted to Group II 65 days after the first implantation. Implantation of zeranal to the bulls induced histopathological changes on the reproductive tract, which included; reduction in the diameter of seminiferous tubules and delayed sperınatogenezis in the testes, inercaseel interductal conncctive tissue and muscular layer of the d. epididimis in the epididimites, augmented interalveoler connective tissue and reducecl alveoler development in the prostate, vesicular glands and bulbouretlrral glands. It may be concluded that the implantation of zeranal would cause incufficiency at sexual breed function in bulls after 6 months of age.

Importance diagnostique et prognostique des certains parametres sanguins et de liquide perltoneal chez les chevaux atteints de coliques

Veysi ASLAN, Kürşat TURGUT, Abdullah BAŞOĞLU, Mahmut OK — 1990-01-01

Dans ce travaU, on a utllise 40 chevaux dont 30 atteints de coliques, ıo sains. Les examens cliniques et laboratoires (proteine total, lacate, fibrtnogene et glucose sanguine et de liquide peritoneal) ont ete realises. Les liquides peritoneals ont ete pris a l'aide de l'abdominocentese. Chez les malades, on a determine des constipatlons, des meteortsmes, des enterttes catharrhales, des gastroenterites, de la peritonite et de la strongylose. D'apres les analysts statlstlques, on a trouve que les niveaux de teucocyte totale, de fibrinogene, de lactate sanguin et liquide peritoneal taient plus eleves que ceux des chevaux sains. Il n'y avait aucun complication par la suite de l'abdominocentese. Le lactate sanguin et de liquide peritoneal et la glucose sanguin et total leucocyte sanguin etaient importants du point du vu du prognostic.

Etudes sur les effets d'Atropin et de Veraparnil au empechement des arythmies de coeur lie a l'infusion de cal ci um chez les vaches

Abdullah BAŞOĞLU, Kürşat TURGUT, D. Aii DİNÇ, Mahmut OK, Mehmet MADEN — 1990-01-01

Cette etude a ete effectuee sur 6 vaches sains. Dans le premier etape, la solution de calcium nomme Surcalce a ete injectee a chaque animaL Cinq minutes avant la meme injecticın, Verapamil aussi, dans le troissieme etape, ont ete utilises. Avant d'administrer et 1 et 30 minutes apres avcıir aclministre la solution ele calcium, on a mesure le niveau de calcium du serum. Au cours ele ces applications, dans le premier etape, on a füce sinus arret chez 4 vaches, SA et AV bloc chez une vache, paroxysmale tachicardie ventriculaiere chez une vache. En consequence, en utilisant Atropin et Verapamil ces aıythmies de coeur ont ete empechees.

The Serological Survey On Bluetongue Virus Infection In Sheep

Feridun ÖZTÜRK, Sibel YAVRU, Saffet ERÖZ — 1990-01-01

A swn of 86 blood sera of sheep were collected from Konya Livestock Research Centre. The blood sera were examined to detennine the presence of neutralizing antibodies to BTV (Bluetongue Virus), type SA₄ by microneutralization test. BHK (Baby Hamster Kidney) permanent eeliline was used for production and titration of BTV and neutralisation test. Glascow Eagle's MEM (Minimum Essential Medium) with 10 % calf sera for cell medium and Glascow Eagle's MEM without sera for virus medium were used in this research. The blood sera were tested at the rate of 1/10 dilution. At the end of the microneutralization test, the 31 (36.04 %) sheep blood were found seropozitive to BTV, type SA₄ .

lnvestigations on effects of various biochemical parameters In blood and cerebrospinal fluid of some tranquilizers In dogs

Celal İZCİ, Nuri YAVRU, Ali Muhtar TİFTİK, Yılmaz KOÇ — 1990-01-01

This study was carried out in three groups, that each group consists of 5 dogs. In the first group xylazine, in the second group propionylprozmazine and third group promazine was used intravenously, as a doses of mg per kg body weight 3.5, 0.3 and 3 mg respectively. In all the animals blood an cerebrospinal fluid samples were taken first before and then after the application of drug on 30th, 60th and 120th minutes. In the samples changes in glucose, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphor paramaters were investigated.

The effects of diets containing different roughages {alfaalfa hay, barley straw, barleystrow- HCl) on digestibility andN-retention in goats

İ. Halii ÇERÇİ, Mustafa SARI — 1990-01-01

In this study, the effects of diets which contained alfaalfa hay (group 1), barley straw (group 2) or HCI- treated straw (group 3) as roughage and concentrated feeds (50 : 50) on digestibility andN-retention on goats were determined. At the end of the experiment, digestibilities were 70.95, 64.97 and 67.78 % for dry matter (P < 0.01), 72.48, 65.59 and 67.85% for organic matter (P < 0.01), 52.54, 54.13 and 57.74% for crude fiber (P > 0.05), 73.68, 78.86 and 79.34 %for crude protein (P < 0.01), respectively, in the groups. On the other hand, the N-retention values were 5.11, 6.59 and 7.54 g/day (P > 0.05), respectively. In general, the treatment of barley straw with HCI increased nutrient digestibility (P < 0.05) andN-retention (P > 0.05).

The effects of the ventral truncal vagotomy on the functions of the forestomach and abcmasum in sheep

1990-01-01

In this study, a total of 12 sheep was used. 6 of which were usedas a control group on which only paramedian laparatomy was performed. 6 of which were used as an experimental group on wihch ventral truncal vagotomy was performed via paramedian laparatoy. All the clinical, heamotological, biochemical and electrocardiographic examinations were performed for a month during the experiment. During the study elinical symptoms of vagus indigestion which has been deseribed by Hoflund were not observed. There was significant decreaments in the respiration rate of experimental group at the 4th, 1oth and 2oth day of the experiment. Plasma BE values were significantly increased at the 1 ot h, 2oth and 3oth day of axperiment in the experimental group. Rumen cı- ffilncentration was significantly increased only at the 15t day of the experiment in the experimental group. Plasma gastrin concentration was decr$ased only at the sceond day of the experiment in the experimental group. Sinus arret was recorded during the electrocardiographic examination ~f the two groups of sheep at the diferent time. Theresult of the study showed that functional disorders of the nervus vagus did not play a role of the pathogenesis of vagus indigestion.

Deteramination of chloramphenicol and furazolidon residues in eggs marketed in Konya

Ömer DEMET, Ahmet ACET, Bünyamin TRAŞ, İsa EĞİLMEZ — 1990-01-01

In this study, chlorampenicol and furazolidon residues were determined in fifthy eggs marketed in Konya by HPLC. Furazolidon was found in seventean eggs, while no chloramphenicol in any samples. The limit level of furazolidon determined in eggs was 2.80 ug/kg, the highest level was 16.12 µg/kg. The avarage level was calculated as 7.74 µg/kg. Asa result, it was concluteq that furazolidon residues determined in eggs cause side effects for human health, while no chloramphenicol residues were evaluated as good result for consumer.

A new approach in the treatment and prevention of traumatic reticulitis

1990-01-01

A total 7 healthy bulls was used for this study. 5 ferromagnetic na11s, 6-8 cm in length were given per orally to each bulls via a tube at the begining of the experiment. At the second day of the experiment, the magnet surrounded by a brass cage with plastic - covered stainless steel chain was introduced per orally after 6 hours of the starvation. The magnat Was allawed to stay for hour in the reticulum. The magnet was reapplied the fallawing day for one hour in each animals. The results of the study showed that the instrument could be used as an alternative preventi ve or therapeutic maasure to permanant magnats and magnetic probes.

lnvestlgations on some biochemical parameters and milk.yleld in dairy cows fed supplemental β-carotene

Mehmet NİZAMLIOĞLU, Ali Muhtar TİFTİK, Kürşat IŞIK — 1990-01-01

In this study, same bioch,emical values and milk production were in vestigated in dairy cows· fed supplemental β-carotene. A total of 12 Swedish Red Cows were used as materials. Animal were divided two equal groups. Group 1; given β-carotene periods of 5 weeks (1 gr/dy/each cow). Group 2; control group. β-carotene, ALP and GOT were determined in blood samples. Daily milk yield was measured for 4 months. β-carotene and GOT values were changed statistically (P<0.05; P<0.01) in experimental and control groups respectively. The differences of the average of milk production in groups increased after giving β-carotene.