Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1993; 9(2)

GENETIC ASPECTS OF GROWTH, FEED EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTS OF SELECTION ON THESE TRAITS IN MICE: A REVIEW

Orhan ÇETİN — 1993-03-01

A review is presented of the genetic of growth, effects of long and short-term selection experiment under different feeding regimes on weight gain, feed efficiency and food consumption in mice. The genetic parameters considered are; nature and extend of within and beetwen line genetic variation for body weight and growth rate; correlated response to se!ection for body weight, weight gain, fe ed intake and fe ed efficiency. The relationsphips of fe ed efficiency with other traits is reviewed at length. The response of characters to se!ection in the short-term differ qualitatively from those in the Jang term. In the short term, the respanses depend on genetic corre!ations between characters, but in the Jang- term they are only determined by fitness function of natural and directional selection, indepent of genetic and phenotypic corre!ations.

Studies on coliform organisms in Şavak Cheese

O. Cenap Tekinşen, Bahri Patır, Mehmet Alkan — 1993-03-01

The occurence of coliform group microorganism species in şavak cheese were investigated in 45 samples. All of the samp!es contained coliform group microorganisms. The most occuring species in the samples were Aerobacter aerogenes 1 (75. 6 %), Escherichia coli I (70.1 %), Escherichia freundii 1 (48.9 %), Escherichia coli II (22.2 %), Aerobacter aerogenes II (13.3 %) and Escherichia freundii II (6. 7 %). Total 398 strains iso/ated consisted of 157 Escherichia coli 1 (39.5 %), 129 Aerobacter aerogenes 1 (32.4 %) and 54 Escherichia freundii I (13. 6 %). lt is concluded that şavak che es e consumed in Elaztğ area is produced under unhygienic conditions and may represents a potential hazard for public health.

Experimental Study on Withdraw of Enrofloxacin From Milk

Bünyamin Traş, A. Levent Baş, Halis Oğuz — 1993-03-01

Enrofloxacin was given to elinically healty six holstein dairy cows ata dosage of 2,5 mg/kg of body weight by IM as only dose. Milk samples were taken from cows 24th, 48th, 72th, 96th and 120th hours after drug administration and before administration. Residues of enrofloxacin were determined in milk samples by HPLC method. Determined means concentrations of enrofloxacin in milk samles were respectively 0.035 ± 0. 005, 0. 025 ± 0.009, 0.0054± 0.003 mcg/ml at 24th, 48th and 72th hours. Enrofloxacin was not determined in milk samples at 96th and 120th hours.

Haematological and Haemodynamic Changes in Hypovolemic Dogs

Ercan Keskin, Mursayettin Eksen — 1993-03-01

In this study, same haematological and haemodynamic changes in hypovolemic dogs were investigated. For this purpose totally 20 dogs were usedas a material. The dogs were anesthetized with thiopenthal sodium (30 mg/kg iv), and the n haemorrhagic shock was performed experimentally. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to 40±5 mmHg and maintained at this level for 30 min (Hypotensive period). The blood samples for the determinatfon of hemogram and blood gases analyses were taken before the experiment and at the e nd of the hypotensive period and other paramaters were recorded. Be fare the experiment the me an alterfal press u re (MAP), the mean systo/ic arterfal pressure (MSAP) and the mean diastolic arterfal pressure (MDAP) were found to be 120. 7, 151.4 and 105.4 mmHg, respectively. These values were found to be 41.5, 54. 0 and 35.3 mmHg at the end of the hypotensive period, respectevely. On the other hand, before the experiment while the mean heart rate and the mean respiration rate were found to be 64.3 and 15. 6, the same values were determined to be 102.2 and 33 at the and of the hypotensive period, respective!y. At the and of the hypotensive period, the mean values of WBC, haematocrft and haemog!obin levels decreased drastical!y when they were compared with the levels before the experiment. At the en d of the hypotensive period, ap H and vpH, aHCO₃ and vHCO₃ , apCO₂ atCO₂ and vtCO₂ , vo₂ saturation, aO₂ and vO₂ concentration !eve/s decreased. On the other h and, at the e nd of the hypotensive period the mean arterial base excess (aBE) and venous base excess (vBE) levels decreased drastically.

The quality of butter consumed in Konya

Suzan Yalçın, O. Cenap Tekinşen, Yusuf Doğruer, Ümit Gürbüz — 1993-03-01

In this research, chemical and microbiological qua/ities of 15 butter samples taken from Konya market were determined. lt was found that microbiological qualities of butter samples were lo w and chemically most of the samples differed from the values of Food Aegulation and Standards.

Cardiopulmonary Effects of Xylazine- Ketamine Hydrochloride and Acepromazine- Ketamine Hydrochloride Combinations in Dogs

1993-03-01

This study was carried out in two groups that consists of 5 dogs. Cardiopulmonary function was as sessed in healty do gs that given xylazine- .ketamine hydrochloride and acepromazine- ketamine hydrochloride combinations intramuscu!arly. Arterfal blood pressure, heart rate and potassium demonstrated significant alterations statistica!!y from pretest values. Arterial blood press u re (systolic, diastolic and me an) was significantly decreased by bath combinations. The xylazine- ketamine hydroch!oride combination decreased the he art rat e 26.5 % in ratio, where as the acepromazine- ketamine hydrochloride combination increased it a maximum of % 67. 1. The respiratory rate, body temperature, arterfal pH, PaCO₂ PaO₂ calcium and sodium values were not significantly altered.

The importance of Celiac on treatment of calf diarrhea

Veysi Aslan, İsmail Şen — 1993-03-01

In this investigation, it was studied on 20 neonatal calves suffered from diarrhea. After elinical examination, blood sample was taken from jugular vein and WBC, PCV and blood pH were measured. The commerical drug Celiac which contains various e!ektrolites and vitamin and natural fibers was given orally to each calve suffered from diarrhea. Daily blood and elinical examinations were checked up until the end of study. At the end of study 17 calves out of 20 were observed to turn their health and diarrhea was disappeared. Three calves were died/euthenased during the study.

EFFECT OF ACUTE RUMINAL ACIDOSIS ON RIBOFLAVIN AND NIACIN CONCENTRATIONS IN SHEEP

1993-03-01

Six non-lactating, non-pregnant adult ewes divided info two groups of 3 animals each as a control and experimental groups were used to evaluate the effect of experimentally induced acute ruminal acidosis on plasma and rumen fluid riboflavin and niacin concentrations. Decreasements in ruminal fluid pH, the count of protozoa and increase in the count of bacteria were related to gradual decreases in plasma riboflavin and niacin concentration. Plasma riboflavin and niacin concentrations decreased respectively from 9.51 mcg/ml and 7.01 mcg/ml to 0.42 mcg/ml and 0.09 mcg/ml at the first day of the experiment (p<0. 05) and than inclined towards normal values. Similar drastical decrease in the niacin concentration of rumen fluid was determined at the first day of the experiment.

Effect of storage time on histamine content in fish

O. Cenap Tekinşen, Suzan Yalçın, Mustafa Nizamlıoğlu — 1993-03-01

The study was carried out to determine the effect of sforage time on histamine content in fish. Mackerel, bonito and anchovy fish were usedin this study. Fish samples were stored at 4°C during 3 days. The concentrations of histamine in fish were determined by spectrofluorometer during 3 days of storage. The mean histamine levels for mackerel, bonito and anchovy fish after 3 days of sforage period were found as 6.28, 3. 70 and 3.25 ,µg/g, respectively. Based on this study, it is concluded that the histamine levels in mackerel, bonito and anchovy fish during sforage at 4°C even after 3 days were below toxic leve!.

Changes of Metabolic Profile and lts Associotion With Fat Cow Syndrome in High Vielding Cows During Dry Period and After Parturation

Veysi Aslan, Ülker Eren, Mutlu Sevinç, İsmail Öztok, Kürşat Işık — 1993-03-01

This investigation was carried out on 17 head of Swiss Brown dairy cattle in Central Research Institute of Konya during winter until enel of spring. Blo ad sarnp/es were taken from jugu!ar ve in during 7 th. 8 th month of gestation and aftei birth and 15th. day after parturation. And blood gas analyses and other same chemical paramaters were maasureel by Blood Gas Analayzer and Autoonalyzer Instruments. At the same time, liver byopsi samples were obtained, from each cows during experiment. to observed any fat infiltration to liver. Blood ICa anel normCa concentrations were deeresed significantly at the parturation. Same paramaters were elevated significantly at 15 th day after parturation. Other metabolic profiles which maasureed were changed unsignificantly during the experiment. Fatt infiltration to liver was observed in a few cow but the level of fat inffitratian was not severe.

Researches on the Quality Factors of Dried Meat

Semra Kayaardı, Nazif Anıl — 1993-03-01

This study was undertakan for eletermining the hygienic and organoleptic qualities of our traditional meat product called "dried meat". As a material sheep meat was used. For comparison the meat sarnples were dried under the sun and in drying chamber for the periods of 5, B and 10 days. Dried sarmples were stored in refrigerator for 2 months. Then the sarnples were analyzed for weight lass, chemical, microbiological and organoleptic qualities at the intervals of 1. 15. 30 and 60 days. The samples showed differences for their chemical, microbiological and organoleptic qualities depanding upon the drying methods, drying and storage periods the highest weight loss (5. 7 %) was obtained in sun dried me ats process ed for 10 days. The fallawing vaues: 41.43-47.29 % for protein. 3.2-12.9 % for fat, 6.96-766 % for ash, 26.17-36.31 % for salt. 5.57-5.92 for pH and 0.48-0.68 for aw were found. The variancas between these va!ues changed drastically as to the drying period, storage time and the drying technics applied (p<0.05). On the other hand, the differences among the values for fat content and pH were not significant (p>0. 05). The total viable microorganisms count for the sun dried samples was low (5.8x10⁵ /9) compared to those in the samples dried in drying chamber (2. 4x10⁶ /9 ). No significant differences were observed in other microorganisms. As to the organoleptic eva!uations, the level of general acceptance for taste, textura and color was av. 6-7 out of 10 points. As a result, it was determined that the dried meats were more nutritious specifically rich in protein and highly consantrated me at products. On the other hands, the sun-dried meats processeel for 8 days were accepted as the best and high quality dried meat compared to the other experimental meat products.

A Study On The Causes And The ir Treatment Results Of The Dystocia in cows Observed Between 1985- 1992 Years In Elazığ Region

1993-03-01

In this study, the causes, treatment methods and results obtained after treatment of the dystocia observed between 1985- 1992 years in Elazığ region were investigated. In the study, 195 cows and heifers aged 2-10 years were use d as material. These animals were treated aither in the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University or in the places where the animals are held. It has been understood that these dystocia resulted from fet al and matem al causes in the rations of 72.68 % and 27.32 %, respectively. The fetal causes were anormal postures with 30.63 % and relative or absolut growth with 18.82 %. The main one of the maternal causes was uterine inertia w ith 10.33 %. The calvas included 72.4 % ma/e and 27.6 % female. These fetuses were found to enter into the pelvic canal 74.17% anteriorly, 21.85 % posteriorly and 3.9 % transversally The mortality ratio of the calvas due to the dystocia was 27.6 %. 94.87% of the fetuses treated within the first 10 hours and 48. 72% of the ones treated from 10 hours were delivered alive.

The Effect Of Cholestyramıne On Dogs With Acute Digoxin Toxicosis

1993-03-01

in this study, the effects of cholestyramine on the clinical, laboratory and histopathologic findings in dogs with acute digoxin toxicosis was induced by intravenouse injection of digoxin at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg in two groups of dogs (control and experimental groups) and elinical pathologic, histopathologic and e!ectrocardiographic findigs and changes in serum digoxin concentrations were eva!uated. lncriments in red b!ood eel! count (RBC), blood urea nitragen (BUN) and serum uric acide. Potassium and digoxin concentrations and decreaments in serum sodium and chlorid concentrations were found to be significant in control group of dogs while changes in this paramaters were not found to be significant in experimental group of dogs treated with cholestyramine. At the histopathologic examinataions of both groups of dogs, the pathologic lesions in coroner arteries, myocardium and kidneys in control group of dogs were more severe than that of experimental group of dogs anda dog in control group died during the experiment. The result of the study showed that acute digoxin toxicosis caused significant changes elinical pathologic and histopathologic significant changes, elinical pathologic and histopathologic findings and the treatment of acute digoxin toxicosis with cholestyramine would be benefical in dogs.

Effects of smail volumes of blood, isotonic and hypertonic saline administrations on haematological parometers and electrolytes in experimentally induced haemorrhagic shock in dogs

Ercan Keskin, Mursayettin Eksen — 1993-03-01

In this study, the effects of smail volumes of blood, isotonic and hypertonic saline administrations in dogs with haemorrhagic shock induced experimentally were investigated. For this purpose totally 20 dogs were usedas a material. The dogs were divided into 4 groups each of 5 dogs. the dogs were anesthetized with thiopenthal sodium (30 mg/kg, iv), and then haemorrhagic shock was performed experimentally. The mean artarial pressura (MAP) was reduced to 40+5mmHg and maintained at this /eve/ for 30 min (hypotensive period). At the end of the hypotensive period, the dogs of the group I,II,III and IV were treated by bo/us injection of 5ml/kg of blood, isotonic, 3.5% and 7.5% NaCl, respectively. The blood samples for the determination of hemogram were taken before the experiment, at the end of the hypotensive period and after treatment at 30 th, 60th and 90th mins. Before the experiment, the mean values of RBC, in group I,II,III and IV were found to be 5.37, 6.38, 5.58 and 6.23x10⁶ /mm³ , respectively. This values were fo und to be 4.98, 6.00, 4,71 and 5.35x10⁶ /mm³ , at the end of the hypotensive period, respectively. After the bo/us injection, the RBC at 90th mins in group I,II,III and IV were determined to be 4.97, 5.63, 4.35 and 4. 15x10⁶ /mm³ , respectively. Before the experiment, while the haemarocrit values of group I,II,III and IV were determined to be 39.2, 47.2, 40. 7 and 43. 7 % respectively. The same va/ues were found to be 35.6, 42.3, 34.1 and 39.0 %, at the e nd of the hypotensive period. The haematocrit values at 90th mins in group /,ll, lll and IV were determined to be 34.4, 41.3, 30.9 and 28.5 %, respectively. Before the experiment, while the plasma sodium leve/ s in group I,II,III and IV were determined to be 134. 9, 137.9, 137.0 and 141.1 mEq/L, respectively. The same values were found to be 133.5, 136.8, 133.6 and 135.7 mEq/L, at the en d of the hypotensive period, respectively. On the other hand, the plasma sodium values, at 90th min s in group I,II,III and IV were determined to be 136. 6, 136.4, 136. B and 144.3 mEq/L, respectively. Before the experiment, the plasma potassium /eve/s in group I,II,III and IV were determined to be 4.98, 5.27, 5.07 and 5.06 mEq/L, respectively. At the end of the hypotensive period, the plasma potassium levels in the all groups increased. At 90th mins these values in the all groups decreased.

The Luteolytic Effect and Pregnancy Rate of Luprostiol, Administrated Via Different Routes and Various Doses in Heifers

1993-03-01

In this study, the luteolytic effect and pregnancy rate of Luprostiol administrated via different routes and various doses in heifers were investigated. Animals were divided info three experimental groups, each inc!uding 5 heifers. Group 1 (intra muscular group, (IMG), Group II (intravulvo-submucozal group, IVSMG), Group III (intra ovarian group, lOG), were treated with 15 mg, 3, 75 mg and 0.75 mg Luprostiol respectively. Luteoliytic response was monitored by measuring plasma progesterone concentration. One animal specimen in each group has not s ho wed any evidence of luteolysis while luteolysis in the rest of the animals in IM and IO groups, there was a delay in luteolysis in two animals in IVSM group. Plasma progesteron levels decreased less than 1 ng/ml within 24 hours after PGF₂ α administration in IM and /0 groups (0.22±0. 18, 0.74±0.39, respectively), however, it was found higher in IVSM group (0.80±0.55 ng/ml) compared to others. The appearance of estrous detected through visual observation was between 49-72 hours in IM and IVSM groups, whereas it was observed earlier (24-36 hours) in IO group. All animals showed estrus, artiiicialIy insemineted, of which the IO group had the highest pregnancy rat e of 100%.

Effects of smail volum es of blood, isotonic and hypertonic saline administrotions on hoemodynomic porometers and blood goses in experimentolly induced hoemorrhagic sh.ock in dogs

Ercan Keskin, Mursayettin Eksen — 1993-03-01

In this study, the effects of smail volumes of blood, isotonic and hypertonic saline administrations in dogs with haemorrhagic shock induced experimentally were investigated. For thes purpose total/l 20 dogs were usedas a material. The dogs were divided info 4 groups each of 5 dogs. The dogs were anesthetized with thiopenthal sodium (30 mg/kg, iv), and then haemorrhagic shock was performed experimentally by taking arterial blood via cutdown catheter. By this way the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to 40±5 mmHg and maintained at this !eve! for 30 min. (Hypotensive period) by taking same mo re blood or reinfusion of the taken blood. At the end of the hypotensive period, the dogs of the group I,II,III and IV were treated by bolus injection of 5 ml/kg of blood, isotonic, 3.5 % and 7.5% NaCl, respectively. The blood samples for the determination of hemogram and blood gases analyses were taken before the experiment, at the and of the hypotensive period and after treatment at 30th, 60th mins and 90th mins and other paramaters were recorded. Before the experiment the MAP of the dogs in group I,II,III and IV were found to be 120.2, 114.2, 115.B and 132.4 mmHg respectively. This values were respectively found to be 40.4, 41.0, 41.0 and 43.6 mmHg at the end of the hypotensive period. After the bolus injection, the MAP at 90th min s. in group I,II, III and IV were determined to be 53.2, 52.2, 7 4. 6 and 100. B mmHg respectively. At the and of the hypotensive period, arterial pH in group I, III and IV decreased, whereas in group II it slightly increased. On the other hand, at the and of the hypotensive period, the aHC0₃ levels in the all groups decreased drastically when they were compared with the levels before the experiment.

Macroanatomic investigations on afferent and efferent Lymphatic vessels on the superficial cervical and popliteal nodes in Angora goat

Sadettin TIPIRDAMAZ, Necdet DURSUN, Hasan ERDEN, Zafer DAŞCI — 1993-03-01

In this study, the numbers and the courses of the afferent and efferent lymph vesse!s of the cervica! superficial and popliteal lymph node were macroscopically investigated in Angora goats. In this purpose, as a material, eigth Angora goats were used. Four or five afferent vessels, starting as blindended vessels at the level of medial phalanx, entered to the cervical superficiallymph node in Angora goats. One efferent lymph vessel, leaving from this lymph node, drained info jugular trunc on the left side and venosus angle on the right side. Six or seven afferent vessels, starting bilaterally darsal comman digital nerve III and IV at the proximal level of the corium limbi entered to the each popliteal node and two afferent lymph vessels leaving from the popliteal node drained into ischiatic lymph node.

The effects of seaweed soluble powder (Maxicrop) on performance in hens

Behiç Coşkun, Fatma İnal, Erdoğan Şeker, Nurettin Gülşen, H. Derya Arık — 1993-03-01

In this study, the effects of seaweed soluble powder (maxicrop), used as growth promoter in plan ts on egg production, feed intake, feed efficiency and egg yolk color in hens were investigated. Total 108 hen s aged 44 weeks were u sed and three groups were designed. During 12 weeks, the anima/s fed control feed, the feed containing 0.1 % and. 1 % seaweed powder. Later, all groups fed control ratian during 5 weeks. In first period, average egg production in groups were 68.23, 74.45 and 62.05 %, respectively (p<0.05). Feed intake for 1 kg eggs was tower in the group fed% 0.1 seaweed powder. lt was found, the seaweed powder affected positively to yolk color, but didn't to feed intake. As a result, to increase egg yie!d, seaweed powder may use in poultry diets but it is needed additional researches about this area.

Tumors of dogs between the years 1985-1992 in Konya

Hüdaverdi Erer, Metin Münir Kıran — 1993-03-01

In this survey, 27 dogs with a total of 34 neoplasms were examined in the department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Selçuk from January 1985, to December, 1992. Female genita/ system was the most frequently affected body system (44. 1 %) [particularly mammary gland (32.4 %)} this fo/lowed by cutaneous (23. 6 %), ma/e gen it al system (14. 7%) and a/imentary system (11.8 %} tumors. Out of 27 dogs, primary multiple tumors were detected in 4 cases (14.8%).

White-spotted kidney in a calf

Metin Münir Kıran, Şenay Serkin — 1993-03-01

A case of white-spotted kidney in a calf was deseribed Multiple grey-white nodules, generally 3- 8 mm in diameter were fo und grossly in the cortex of both kidneys. Microscopically, these lesions were focal nonsuppurative interstitial nehpritis. The other findings were enteritis catarrhalis acuta, lymphadenitis simplex and bronchopneumonia catarrhalis acuta. E.coli was isolated from kidneys and lungs.

Renal Haemangiosarcoma in an Ox

M. Kemal Çiftçi, S. Serap Türkütanıt, Mustafa S. Uslu — 1993-03-01

Multifocal 0.5-1.2 cm., dark-red nodular masses were seen within the renal cortex of a ten- year old ox which slaughtered at munic ipal abattoir in Beyşehir. Microscopic examination of these renal masses cantirmed the presence of haemangiosarcoma in the kidney of ox.