Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1988; 4(1)

The Effect of different rations on the development of ciliate protozoa in the rumen of Angora Goats

Mehmet Kocabatmaz, Mursayettin Eksen, Zafer Durgun — 1988-01-01

In this investigation pH values, protozoa counts, protozoa volumes and protozoa species were determined in the rumen contents of Angora goats fed with different rations. For this purpose 4 animals with 2 years old and with permanent rumen cannula were used. Feeding the animals was performed according to 4x4 Latin Square desing. Each animal was fed with four different types of rations (I, II, III, IV); alfalfa straw (100 %), alfalfa straw + concentrate mixture (80 : 20, 60; 40, 40: 60) respectively. pH value of rumen content was found to be highest (1.22) before feeding, but dropped to 6.21 at the 6 th hour and. incereased again (QA2) at the 10 th hour following the feeding. The protozoa counts and their volumes of rumen contents showed a para-lelism to the declination in pH values. Total 10 protozooon species were identified, but "Entodinium minimum" was predominant at each sampling time. The differences between pH values and protozoa counts were generally found to be higly significant (p<0,01). The protozoon counts and their volumes were higher for the animals fed IV th ration than for the animals having the other rations.

Studies on the fatty liver syndrome in dairy cattle

1988-01-01

This study was conducted to obtain information on the fatty liver syndrome in dairy cattle in Turkey. In this study 15 dairy cows belonging to the Livestock Research Center of Konya and 8 dairy cows raised by public and brought to our clinics in 10— 15 days after calving were used as research material. The biopsy of Liver and blood samples were taken from each cow belonging to the Livestock Research Center in the first week prior to and 1-2 weeks following the calving; whereas the same samples were obtained from the other experimental animals in two weeks after calving. The fatty liver syndrome was observed in cows brought to our clinics as mild in 12.5 %, moderate in 12.5 % and severe in 75 %, while it was found tobe mild in 73.3 %, moderate in 20 % and severe in 6.6 % in those that were kept in Livestock Research Center. It was determined that the concentration of FFA and GO T in blood sera were increased in connection to the fatty liver syndrome whereas the glucose concentration was reduced. As a result, it was concluded that the fatty liver syndrome was seen in higher percentage in the first two weeks after calving in dairy cattle that were raised by public, consequently the liver biopsy seems to be the only reliable method for the diagnosis of fatty liver syndrome.

Some blood parameters in dairy cows with fatty liver syndrome

Some blood parameters in dairy cows with fatty liver syndrome — 1988-01-01

In this study, a total of 23 dairy cows were used. Blood and liver biopsy samples were obtained from eoxh animal before and after calving. Plasma total lipid, the percentages of different leucocyte types and fatty infiltration of the liver were estimated in animals. Plasma total lipid values increased significantly (P< 0.05), the percentage of the lymphocytes decreased in dairy cows associated with fatty liver syndrome after calving.

Fatty liver syndrome associated with some post parturation period diseases

1988-01-01

In this study, a total of 43 heads of cow were used. Some diseases and disorders such as retained placenta, ketosis, metritis, mastitis, hypocalcemia, indigestion and abomasal displacement were diagnosed in these cows. After clinical examination, the blood and liver biopsy samples were obtained. Glucose, GOT', FFA and total lipid values of blood samples and liver fat were measured. In the cases of retention, ketosis, hypocalcemia, indigestion and abomasal displacement, the severe fatty infiltration in liver was seen and GOT and FFA values wtre found to be increased in the same cases. In the mastitis and metritis cases, the fatty liver was not observed. The glucose level was decreased and the total lipid value was increased in all cases.

The Researches on Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis - Infestious Pustular Vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) in Bovines of Konya Livestock Central Research Institute

Feridun Öztürk, Asuman Toker, Sibel Yavru — 1988-01-01

The 238 blood sera taken from cattle in Konya Livestock Central Research Institute were examined for antibodies to IBR / IPV virus by microneutralisation test. At the end of the test, at undiluted blood sera, the 134 cattle blood sera (56.30 %) were found seropositive for the neutralizing antibodies to IBR / IPV virus. The highest incidence of antibody was found in cattle over two years old. The 61 (45.52 %) of the 134 titrated positive sera showed a neutralizing antibody-titers in a range of 1:39.9 and 1:317. The cattle over two years old had the high antibody-titers.

The Detection of the Pregnancy in Sheep by Ultrasound

D. Ali Dinç, Mehmet Güler — 1988-01-01

Pregnancy diagnosis' was carried out on 43 Merino ewes by means of Doppler-mode ultrasound (Preg-tone) after 35, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 th days of AI. In the first examinations (35 th days) of the animals they were restrained in dorsal recumbency and transducer probe was placed on the hairless area öf the ventral abdominal wall just in front of the udder. In the further examinations, ewes were restrained in the standing position and the transducer probe was applied to the hairless region of the skin which lie ventro medially to the pre-crural skin fold just below the right flank. Results were compared with lambing records. Accuracy rates for pregnant ewes on 35, 60, 75, 80 105 and 120 th days were 14, 33, 56, 77, 95, and 100 % respectively.

The effect of different levels of sodium bicarbonate in lambs'ration on growth performance

Behiç Coşkun, Şakir Doğan Tuncer, Mehmet Ali Tekeş, Ali Akmaz, Şeref İnal — 1988-01-01

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels of sodium bicarbonate that was added into concentrate mixtures in 0.5 and 1 % on growth performance. In the experiment, 42 Akkaraman male lambs with 5.5—6 months old were used. The research works were conducted as 3 groups for the period of 56 days. The ration of the control group did not contain any sodium bicarbonate. The average of final weights of lambs in the groups were 48.08; 46.75 and 47.38 kg respectively fP<0.05). Average daily weight gain was found to be 233 g in the control group ; 193 and 207 g in the other groups respectively (P< 0.05). The concentrates and wheat straw fed to the lambs ad libitum. Total feed consumption for all groups were 1750; 1773 and 1817 g respectively. Total feed intake per kg weight gain were found to be 7.51; 9.19 and 8.78 kg, respectively.

The hygienic quality of drinking water in Konya

Suzan Yalçın, O. Cenap Tekinşen, Mustafa Nizamlıoğlu — 1988-01-01

This work was carried out to investigate the hygienic quality of drinking water in Konya. For this reason, totally 100 drinking water samples were analyzed for the microbial, chemical and physical qualities. Of 100 samples, 51 percent microhiologically and 36 percent chemicahy were not agreeable with the values of Turkish Food Regulation.

Radioimmunological Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy in Ewes That Previously Synchronised by MAP, PMSG and GnRH Hormones

Erol Alaçam, D. Ali Dinç, Mehmet Güler, Saffet Eröz, A. Nuri Sezer — 1988-01-01

In this study early pregnancy diagnosis rate was determined in ewes that previously synchronised by MAP, PMSG and GnRH and bred naturally in late anestrous season. Fourty Merino ewes, 5 years old, were used as materials. Jugular blood samples were collected on 15 th, 16 th and 17 th days, after breedings. Samples were santrifuged in 2000 rpm and plasmas were stored at —20 °C until assay procedures. For the early pregnancy diagnosis, plasma progesterone and oestradiol 17 β levels were determined by RIA method. For this purpose, Mini assay type Gamma counter and 1251 Progesterone and Oestradiol 17 (3 assay kits were used. Laboratory results were controlled with lambing results. As a conclusion, the high rate of correct diagnosis were obtained in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes, 84.62 % and 85.72 % respectively. While progesterone values were useful for early diagnosis, oestradiol values were not clear enough to decide the diagnosis.

Investigation on biochemical, colicinogenic and mannose resistant hemagglutination characteristics of E. coli strains isolated from healthy and diarrhoeic lambs

Mehmet Çorlu — 1988-01-01

In this study, biochemical, colicinogenic, hemagglutination (HA), mannose sensitive hemagglutination (MSHA) and mannose resistant hemagglutination (MRHA) characteristics of 200 E. coli strains isolated from neonatal healthy and diseased lambs have been examined. There was no significant differences as to the biochemical characteristics of the strains isolated from healthy and diarrhoeic lambs. No htmolitic activity was found in all isolates. In HA tests, using different species of erytrocytes (human, bovine, chicken, guinae-pig and ovine) multiple HA patterns were observed. MRHA, MSHA and HA ( —) rates of the organisms originated from healthy and diseased lambs, were found to be 28 %-32 % for MRHA, 27 %—31 % for MSHA and 45 % — 37 %for HA ( — ). There was not significant differences in MRHA, MSHA and HA ( —) characteristics of two groups. While 10 % of E. coli strains isolated from healthy lambs was colicinogenic, 13 % of them was isolated from diseased lambs.

Effect of niacin on blood metabolities, rumen protozoa, insulin levels and fatty liver in experimentally induced ketosis in ewes

Veysi Aslan, Reşat Aştı, Ali Muhtar Tiftik, Mürsayettin Eksen — 1988-01-01

In this investigation, phlorizin was used to induce ketosis in Akkaraman ewes. Before the experiment, all ewes were examined clinically. After the blood was obtained from jugular vein and SGO T, serum insulin levels, blood sugar and total protein concentrations, Na, K levels, Hb and PCV, total leucocyte and differential leucocyte separations were counted. These parameters were accepted as a normal values, phlorizin was injected twice daily to each anim.al for a period of 12 days. Clinical and blood examinations ofewes were controlled on the lit, 3th, 6th, 9th days after injection of phlorizin. At the end of phlorizin injection to sheep, rumen content and liver biopsi materials were obtained. Normal SGO T, serum insulin, blood sugar, total protein concentrations, Na, K levels, Hb and PCV, total leucocyte count were found to be as 48.2 UJ L, 22.53 mIU\ ml, 65.1 mg\dl, 5.86 / dl, 138.4 mEq/L, 16 mEq/L, 6.08 % mg, 28 %, 10.6 X 10¹ respectively. These parameters have been changed at the end of phlorizin injection (on the 12 day) as 105.72 U/ L, 4.52 mIU\ ml, 32.3 mg) dl, 6.6 gr\ dl, 315.8 mEqjL, 17 mEq/L, 5.24 % mg, 28 %, 13.9 X 103 respectively and total rumen protozoa count decreased to 20.200 + 4852 / ml and diffuse lipit infiltrastion was seen in epithelial cells of liver. On the 12 the day of the experiment, niacin was given orally to the animals for five days. At the end of the treatment, blood sugar incerased to 60.6 mg\ dl, serum insulin levels increased to 20.46 mIU/ml, SGOT decreased to 55.4 U/ L, rumen protozoa count increased to 111400 + 15883/ ml and lipid drops in liver samples were disappeared. The other blood parameters have also been changed and all animals were recovered by this treatment.

Untersuchungen über den Gehalt von Progesteron un d Fett in der Kuhmilch im

Behiç Serpek, Max Döbeli — 1988-01-01

Zusammenfassung: Bei 2 Kilhen (Schweizerisches Braunvieh) wurden in 8 verschiedenen Zyklusphasen die Kqnzentrationen von Fett und Progesteron in der Milch im Verlaufe des Melkaktes gemessen. Die in 1 Melkgang aus 1 Euterviertel anfallende Milch wurde in Fraktionen zu 200 ml aufgefan-gen. Bei Melkbeğinn waren die Fett - und Progesteronkonzentrationen gering, nahmen im Verlaufe des Melkaktes zu und erreichtea Hochswerte am Schluss des Melkens. Mit Ausnahme des 2. Zyklustages bei Kuh Habana (r = 0.64) und des 17. Zyklustages bei Kuh Nelli (r = 0.54) waren Fett - und Progesteronkonzentrationen gut korreliert (r = 0.82 - 0.98). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Endgemelk ein geeignetes Untersuchungssubstrat für eine Trachtigkeits-diagnose darsetellt; sie weisen aber auch darauf hin, dass Anfangsgemelk zu Fehlinterpretationen führen kann, wenn die Beurteılungskr ter,en anhand von Endgemelksproben erarbe.tet worden sind.

The Serological Survey on Parainfluenza Virus-3 (PIV-3) Infection in Cattle of Konya Province

Feridun Öztürk, Sibel Yavru — 1988-01-01

A sum of 1032 blood serum samples of the beef cattle were collected from Konya province of Turkey. The blood sera, were examined for neutralizing antibodies to PIV-3 by microneutralisation test. At the end of the this test, 45.6 percent of these serum samples were found to be positive against PIV-3 at the level of 1:5

The quality of strained yoghurt consumed in Konya

The quality of strained yoghurt consumed in Konya — 1988-01-01

In this research, chemical and microbiological qualities of 14 strained yoghurt samples taken from Konya market were determined. It was found that microbiological qualities of strained yoghurt samples were low and chemically 78.57 % of samples differed from the values of Food Regulation.

Some biochemical parameters and pressure of cerebrospinal fluid in healthy dogs

Veysi Aslan, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Mahmut Ok — 1988-01-01

A total 20 healthy dogs were used in this study. After premedication, the hair was clipped from the skin in the region of the occiput and the first cervical vertebra. The site was aseptically prepared for introduction of the needle. The dog was placed in right lateral recumbency at the end of the table. The head was held by an asistant. After these applications the injection of region was done by the needle and the spinal manometer was put on to the needle and CSF pressure was measured. After the measured of the pressure of CSF, spinal manometer was taken out and 5 ml CSF was taken in a sterile tube. CSF Ma, K, Ca, Pi, GO T and ALP values were measured in each samples.

Bestimmung der Konzentrationen von Plasmaprogesteron, -östradıol-17 β, -lute-inisîerungshormon vor und nach der Nachgeburtsverhaltung bei einer Kuh

Behiç Serpek — 1988-01-01

Zum Schreiben der Uteruskontraktionen und -potentiate wurde die Elektroden unter die Uterus-Serosa gestellt. Nach der Geburt entstand die Nachbeburtstverhaltung, die Brucellosis frei war. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Konzentrationen von Plasmaprogesteron -östradiol-17 β, -kortisol und -LH waehrend der Ante partumGeburts- und Post partum-Phase zur Aufklaerung der Nachgeburscverhaltung, deren Ursache nicht bekannt war, untersucht. Zjwischen 1-4 T age ante partum lagen die Plasmaprogesteron-Werte 2—3 ng\ ml und Plasmaöstradiol-17 β-Werte mehr als 100 pg\ ml vor, ins-besondere Plasmaöstradiol-17 β zeigte zwei Tage vor der Geburt den höchsten Wert (161.59 ng/ml). Plasmakortisol-und -luteinisierungshormonkonzentrati-onen dauerten als normalen Plasmaspigel. Einige Stunden nach der Geburt betragen die ProgesteronOstradiol-ll [3-, Kortisol- und LH-Werte in der Reihenfolge, 1.04 ngl ml, 71.61 pg/ml, 22.6 ng/ ml und 1.66 ng/ml. Ins-besondere zog die höhe Kortisol-werte in Betracht. In der Post-partum-Phase wurden die Östradiol-17 β-Konzentrationen noch hoch festgestellt, die am ers-ten Tag post partum 71.61 und zweiten Tah 17.71 pg/ ml vorlagen. In der Post-partum-Phase waren die Plasmaprogesteron- W erte zu niedrig, Kortisol und LH-Werte wurden als normalen Plasmaspiegel gejunden.

A study on the macro-anatomical differences of the skeletons of wolf and fox as compared with the skeleton of dog

Aydın Girgin, Hüseyin Karadağ, Sait Bilgiç, Akın Temizer — 1988-01-01

In this study, the differences that skeleton (except the cranium) of wolf (canis lupus) and fox (canis vulpes) as compared with those of dog were investigated. The observed dijferences were itemized as follow:

Researches of the neutralizing antibody distributions and antibody titers against parainfluenza 3 (PI-3) virus in cattle in Livestock Central Research Institute of Konya

Feridun Öztürk, Asuman Toker, Sibel Yavru, Yılmaz Gökçay — 1988-01-01

In this study the blood sera collected from 238 cattle belonging to Livestock Central Research Institute of Konya were examined by micro-neutralisation test against parainfluenza-?) (PI-3) virus from the point of neutralizing antibodies. 116 cattle blood sera (49.57%) in a 1:5 dilution were found to be positive against PI-3 virus. It was determined that the antibody titers of positive sera ranged 1:5.63-1:317.

Some mikroscopic investigations in fibrosis of bovine livers infected by fasciola hepatica

İ. Enver Ozan, Harun Özer — 1988-01-01

The purpose of this study was to obtain some microscopic investigations in fibrosis of bovine livers infected by fasciola Hepatica. Totally 28 livers of which 22 with fascioliosis and 6 normal livers were examined. In the livers with fascioliosis, it was seen that the fibrous tissue increased between lobules iri the portal areas. In this tissue, the collegen fibrae were found abundantly. In the livers with fascioliosis, bile canaliculi were dilated, the number of hematocytes were decreased but diamaters of their nuclei were bigger than those of normal livers hepatocytes. A large number of polyploidy nuclei were seen in infected hepatocytes of livers.

The prognosis nad treatment of the neonatal calves with diarrhea

Mehmet Kocabatmaz, Veysi Aslan, Yavuz Sezen, Mehmet Nizamlıoğlu — 1988-01-01

In this investigation, it was studied on 50 neonatal calves with ' diarrhea. As soon as the calves arrived to clinic the blood samples were taken from the jugular vein in order to determine the following blood parameters: packet cell volume (hematocrit %), leukocyte number, differential leukocyte count %, sedimentation rate, serum urea, Ma, K, Inorganic P and total protein. Especially, the increase in PCV (Hematocrit %). leukocyte number and serum urea were much pronounced in the blood of calves. To decide about prognosis and the treatment of the calves, these measure-rements are taken into consideration. The analysis of these blood parameters was carried out before the treatment and during the treatment period. The treatment of animals consisted of subcutaneous infusion of a isolayt -solution mixed with hyaluornidaes (50—150 ml isolayt + 15—45 I.U. hya-luronidase per kg of body weight). On the other hand, the application of the effective antibiotics were administered orally (chloramphenicol; 30 mgjkg). and intramuscular (Gentamycine ; 5 mg) kg) based on the results of an antibi-ogram carried out on facces. Three calves died but the other 47 calves were returned to their health.

Serological determination of bovine adenovirus type 1, type 2 and type 3 in cattlc in Konya Agricultural Institution

Feridun Öztürk, Asuman Toker — 1988-01-01

This study was carried out to determine serologically the bovine adenovirus (BAV) type 1, type 2 and type 3 infections on 214 cattle blood sera in Konya Agricultural Institution. The blood sera collected from 214 cattle were subjected to micro serum neutralization test, initially by diluting 1/10, then by diluting them two times and by comparing BAV type 1, type 2 and type 3 viruses with the ratio of 100 DKID₅₀ I 0.05 ml. Based on the results the neutralizing antibodies were found in 153 sera against BAV type 1, in 179 sera against BAV type 2 and in 191 sera against BAV type 3. These findings pointed out that the adenovirus infections which are one of the significant breeding diseases were prevalent in cattle in Konya Agricultural Institution.

Pathological investigations on theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata in brown calves

Nazır Dumanlı, M. Kemal Çiftçi — 1988-01-01

This study was made to inestigate the macroscopical and microscopical changes in calves which died and were slaughtered compulsorily from experimental theileriosis. In this study four splenectomized calves aged 6 to 8 months were used. In the necropsy of the calves, the findings observed are these ; faded muco-se, jaundice in the connective tissue, hemorrhages in the kidneys, heart, mucose and serosa, enlargement in hte lymph nodes and liver, fullness in the urinary and gall bladders, oedema in the lung, ulcerations and hemorrhages in the abo-masum, aboundant bloody and gelatinous exudate in the abdominal cavity. In the histopathological examination, the following findings were seen; hemorrgahes and necrosis with inflamatory reactions in lymph nodes, necrosis and ulcers in the abomasum, bronchopnumonia and oedema in the lung, interstitial nephritis in the kidneys, increase in the number of lymphocytes in the bone marrow and brain vessels, slight hemorrhages and hypremia in the brain and menings, cell filtration and hemorrhages in the tymus.

Pathological investigation on pneumonia in goats in Elazığ

Nursal Metin, Harun Özer, M. Kemal Çiftçi — 1988-01-01

Lungs taken from goats were examined for pneumonia. Macroscopically , pneumonia was found in 66 of 2784 lungs. It was recognized fibrinous pneumonia in 28 lungs (42 %), catarrhal-purulent bronchopneumonia in 15 lungs (23 %), interstitiel pneumonia in 14 lungs (22 %), verminous pneumonia in 8 lungs (12 %), also pulmonary adenomatosis was found in a case (1 %). This is a first report in goats in Turkey.

Researches on the development of grading system and the determination of quality factors for fish

Nazif Anıl, Mustafa Nizamlıoğlu, Yusuf Doğruer — 1988-01-01

This investigation was carried out to develop the grading system and to determine the quality factors for fish. On various sea fish the content of head, scales, fins, internal organs and fishbones ; the waste percentage ; the yield offish meat and the sensorial quality factors were determined. The waste percentages were found to be 28.04 % for anchovy, 35.93 %for horse mackerel, 29.64 %for bonito, 29.34 %for chub mackerel, 32.87 % for sea bream, 22.46 % for needlefish, 40.02 % for whiting. Hence, they have given 71.95 %, 64.04 %, 70.35 %, 70.65 %, 67.12 %, 77.53 % and 59.97 % meat yield, respectively. Furthermore, the sensorial acceptance levels for the same fish were valued at 8.31, 6.41, 9.04, 7.37, 6.47, 6.87, 7.88, respectively. Needlefish gave the highest meat yield (77. 53 %) due to its lowest waste percentage (22.46 %) but obtained an unsatisfactory result (6.87) from the organoleptic evaluation. On the other hand, whiting was not found valuable enought because of its highest waste percentage (40.02 %) and the lowest meat yield (59.97 %). It was proved that anchovy and bonito were the ideal fish for both their meat yield and as well as their sensorial acceptance level. As a result, the waste percentage, the meat yield and the organoleptic quality factors of various fish were determined, henceforth, a groundwork was laid down for the application of fish grading in our country in the future.

Comparative studies on the repair of Achilles tendon ruptures in dogs by carbon fibre and supramid suture

Celal İzci — 1988-01-01

This study was carried out on 40 legs of 20 dogs of varied breed, sex and age. The experimental animals were divided into two groups containing 10 dogs each. In the first group, the tendon ends were sutured with carbon fibre and supramid after the tenotomy. In the second group, following the tenectomy, at first the tendon ends were fixed against each other by using 4/0 stainless steel wire later carbon fibre and supramid were placed like a bridge between the two ends by means of Dexon. In both groups the legs were bandaged covering up the whole hock in an extention state. The bandages were taken off after 17 days of the experiment where tenorrhaphy was applied. However, this was done at 21 st day of the operation where the implantation was tried. Atrophy has formed in soft tissues especially under the hock in cases where the plastared bandage was applied. No complication was observed as to the PVC bandage utilization. The animals for which tenorrhaphy was implemented were allowed for complete free movement at 30 th day, but the other animals for which the implantation was used did so after 35 days. After the recovering period samples had been obtained from the operational region and popliteal lymph nodes under general anesthesia for examining histo-patologically, the animals were euthanatized. As a result, it could be forseen that supramid may be used as a sutured material for the treatment of tendon ruptures in dogs, whereas carbon fibre can be used as an implant material for the same purpose.

L'epidemiologie des cestodes et nematodes chez les poules dans la region de Konya

Bilal Dik, Feyzullah Güçlü, Suphi Gülbahçe, Rifat Cantoray — 1988-01-01

Dans ce present travail on a etudie l'epidemiologie des cestodes et nematodes chez lez poules. Pour cela de janvier 1987 a janvier 1988 on a examine au mikroscope 751 examples coprologiques preleves dans 28 pou-laillers qui contenaient au total 88 370 poules. Dans 225 echantillons (30.36 %) d'excrements on a trouve des oeufs appartenant a differentes especes de parasite au contraire dans ceux des 516 echantillons restants (69.64 %) on n'a trouve aucun oeuf d'helmint. A'la fin de ces examens, autotal on a decouvert sept especes d'helmint Vun (C. infundibulum), les autres nematod (A. galli, T. tenuis, Subulura sp., S. avium, H. gallinae, Capillaria sp.). Pendant des etudes coprologiques on a trouve une epidemiologic d'oeuf d'ascaris en proportion de 25 %. En dehors de cela on a trouve l'epidemiologie d'autres especes de nematod en proportion de 0.13 — 3.64 %. On a observe seulement deux cas (%. 0.27) de C. infundibulum.

Recherches rurale sur aetivite de tiques de Bayticol pour-on

Rifat Cantoray, Bilâl Dik — 1988-01-01

Dans ce travail on a etudie l'aetivite du Bayticol contre les tiques du boeuf infeete naturellement. D experience a ete applique edans les conditions rurales. La solution de Bayticol deja pret â 1 % a ete versee tout au long du dos des animaux comme dose 1 mg. par kg. avec une seule application. Z' essai a ete fait sur 20 boeuf s. De plus cinq boeııfs a ete separes comme temoins. A la fin de ce travail on a vu que le resultat etait tres efficace contre les tiques des boeufs. En plus on a observe la tolerence parfaite des animaux au Bayticol.

The values of some metabolites in the rumen fluid and the blood of Angora Goat

Mehmet Kocabatmaz, Mursayettin Eksen, Zafer Durgun — 1988-01-01

Three Angora Goats of 2—2.5 years old, with permanent rumen cannula were used, in this experiment. Animals were fed with three different types of rations with concentrate mixture and alfalfa straw; 20:80, 40: 60, 60:40 respectively. In the investigation; pH Inorganic P and NHyN values in the rumen fluid and NH3N in the blood and Urea-N, total protein, glucose, Inorganic P levels in the blood sera vere determined before feeding, at the 4 and 8th hour after feeding for each animal. At the 4 th hour after feeding the pH values in the rumen fluid and NHyN of the blood were both decreased. The NHyN values of the blood at the 8 th hour after feeding and NHyN levels of the rumen fluid at the 4 th hour after feeding were highest. Inorganic P values in the blood sera were gradually increased but Inorganic P levels in the rumen fluid were decreased at the sampling times. No notable changes were observed in each sampling, as far as Urea-N, total protein and glucose levels of the blood sera are concerned.

The effect of defaunatıon on volatile fatty acids in Akkaraman lambs

Mehmet Kocabatmaz, M. Yaşar Aksoylar, Zafer Durgun, Mursayettin Eksen — 1988-01-01

Two groups of Akkaraman lambs (faunated and defa-unated lambs) were used to investigate the effect of the presence or absence of rumen ciliate protozoa on pH, volatile fatty acids of rumen content and weight gain. The lambs were fed with milk until 1.5 months of age. Then, all animals were given chopped sainfoin hay and concentrate diet for the duration of the experiment. For the purpose of defaunation of the 2nd group lambs, 0.3 - 0.8 % solution of Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate was administrated via stomach tube. Rumen samples were taken from the rumen of lambs before feeding and at 3, 6 hr. after feeding and pH values and volatile fatty acids levels were measured. pH values were found to be highest before feeding, decreased at the 3rd hr. and become lowest at the 6th. after feeding for each animals. Acetic acid, propionic acid, iso-butiric acid and total volatile fatty acid levels in the rumen contents of the faunated lambs were higher than in the def aunated lambs. The faunated lambs grew faster that the def aunated lambs. The average of body weights of the faunated lambs was4.6kg more than the faunated lambs .It was, therefore, concluted that the rumen ciliate protozoa are essential for the metabolism and growth of young lambs.

The efficiency of albendazole against gastro-intestinal nematodes, Dictyocaulus filaria and Moniezia spp. in sheep

Bilâl Dik, Suphi Gülbahçe — 1988-01-01

Activity of albendazole was determined against gastrointestinal nematodes, D. filaria and Moniezia spp, in naturally infected twenty one sheep. They were divided into four groups. Albendazole was administered to the first, second and. third groups at the rates of 3.8 mg, 7.5 mg and 10 mg/kg respectively. Fourth group was kept as a control. It was showed that albendazole was 100 % effective on the gastrointestinal nematodes and Moniezia spp. at all doses in faecal examinations made at the 4 th and 11 th days. Efficacy of albendazole 3.8 mg, 7.5 mg and 10 mg/kg doses against D. filaria was 99 %, 100 % and 98 % respectively at the 4 th day after treatment. D. filaria larvae were not found in the faeces of all terated sheep at the 11 th day.

Macro-anatomical investigations on the brachial plexus in dogs

Sadettin Tıpırdamaz, Hasan Erden — 1988-01-01

In this study, the formation and distribution of the brachial plexus of the dog was investigated. For this purpose, ten dogs, in different ages and sex, were used. The brachial plexus of the dog is formed by the ventral branches öf the sixth, seventh, eighth cervical and first, second thoracic nerves. The ventral branch of the second thoracic nerve is relatively small. The nerves arising from the brachial plexus of the dog: Suprascapular nerve is formed by the ventral branches sixth and seventh cervical nerves in dogs. Subscapular nerves usually number two in this study, it is determined that subscapular nerves, only one cases (10 %) are three in number, nine cases are two in number. When two subscapular nerves are present, one of them arises from the ventral branches of the sixth and seventh cervical nerves, the other originates from the ventral branch of the seventh cervical nerve. Musculocutaneus nerve arises from the ventral branches of the seventh cervical nerve, with a delicate branch contribution from the sixth cervical nerve. Axillary nerve takes its origin from the ventral branches of the seventh and eighth cervical nerves. Cranial pectoral nerves are two in number. One of them, at its origin it is associated with the musculocutaneus nerve. Caudal pectoral nerves are two in number. At its origin, they are associated with the lateral thoracic nerve, and arise from the ventral branches of the eighth cervical and first and second thoracic nerves. Lateral thoracic nerve takes its origin from the ventral branches of the cervical and first and second thoracic nerve. Thoracodorsal nerve is formed by the ventral branch of the eighth cervical nerve. Long thoracic nerve originates from the ventral branches of the seventh and eighth cervical nerves. Radial nerve is formed by the ventral branches of the eighth cervical and first and second, thoracic nerves. It is the largest nerve of the brachial plexus. Median nerve takes its origin from the ventral branches of the eighth cervical and first and second thoracic nerves. At its origin it forms a single trunk with ulnar nerve. Ulnar nerve takes its origin from the ventral branches of the eighth cervical and first and second .thoracic nerves.

The effect of different amounts of bıotin in broilers' ration on growth performance and fatty liver syndrome

Şakir Doğan Tuncer, Reşat Aştı, Behiç Coşkun, Erdoğan. Şeker, Ülker Demirci — 1988-01-01

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different amounts of biotin (0, 50, 100 and 150 y^g/kg) added to the broilers' ration on growth performance and fatty liver syndrome. In this study, 1000 day-old Hybro chicks were used. They were distributed into 4 groups, each group containing 250 chicks and the experiment was ended at the 49th day. Mean final weight values in the groups were 1841.13; 1871.78; 1822.88 and 1848.39 g respectively. There were no significant differences among the live weights of the groups (P > 0.05). But the highest final weight was found in the group fed 50 µ/kg biotin. Total feed consumption for all groups were 4.295; 4.326; 4.378 and 4.294 kg respectively. There was no large variation among the groups related to feed consumption. Feed convertion were found to be 2.340; 2.312; 2.405 and 2.324 kg, respectively, during the experiment. According to these results, experimental group I (50 &mikro;g/kg biotin) consumed less feed for 1 kg weight gain than the others. At the end of the experiment, in macroscopic investigation, livers of the groups given 0 and 50 jkg biotin were seen pale in colour and fatty. In microscopic investigation of the livers in the same groups, severe lipid infiltrations were seen in the cytoplasma of paranchymal cells. The livers of second (100 µ/kg biotin) and third (150 µg/kg biotin) groups were macroscopically normal. Any lipid infiltration in the paranchymal cells were not observed. 50 µg /kg biotin improves the growth performance but the same level was not effective in preventing fatty liver syndrome. As a result, the use of the amount of 100 µ,g /kg biotin would be recommended in preventing the formation of fatty liver syndrome in broiler feeding.

Etudes macro-anatomiques sur les organs abdominaux du visons (Mustela Vison)

Necdet Dursun — 1988-01-01

Dans ce travail, on a etudie macro-anatomiquement sur les' organs abdominaux du vison. Pour ce faire on a utilise 1 visons. Nous avorıs montre ci-dessaııs les particularity et les differences obtenues les plus importantes. 1- IJestomac est en forme d'un alambic, il existe un petit cul-de-sac a gauche et dorsalement a la cardia. 2- Uinterieur de Vestomac est divise en deux parties incompletes par un pli d'hauteur a pen pres 3 mmallonge perpendiculairement a la grande courbu-re de Vestomac, en regard de Vincisure angulaire. Vune d'elles, large, se trouve a gauche et dorsalement du pli, Vautre, est partie etroite, formee avant Vantrum pyloricum puis s'ouvrant au duodenum par un canal pylorique. 3- Le trajet du duodenum est semblable a celui du cheval. 4- La frontier e ri est pas definie entre Vileon et le jejunum. 5- Uileon continue avec le colon. 6- Le caecum est absent. 7- Le colon possede une seule taenie, alors quHl n'a pas de bosselure. II est caracterise par fort flexuosite. 8- La grande partie du pancreas est situe a cote droit de la ligne mediane et au debout de la partie descendente du duodenum, et sa partie, etroite et al-longee, a cote gauche de la ligne mediane, a la longueur de la face vis cer ale du rate. 9- La rate est semblable par sa forme a celui des grands ruminants. 10- Le foie est divise en cinq lobes principaux par fissures profondes. Le lobe caude est tres develloppe, surtout son processus caude deborde beaucoup le lobe droit laterale et porte la profonde et large une empreinte renale. 11- L'extremite crâniale du rein gauche est un peu pointu par rapport a celui du rein droit.

Turkish pastramı; the development of its modern processing technique and its preservation with vacuum packaging

Nazif Anıl — 1988-01-01

This research was carried out to develop a modern production technique for Turkish pastrami by using a drying chamber in which the climatic conditions could be controlled and to determine the storage conditions of the product for extended shelf life by vacuum packaging. Three different types of experimental pastrami were manufactured under various climatic conditions. Based on the physical, chemical, microbiological and organoleptic findings of those samples, the "DPx₁ sample" produced at 20 °C temperature, 1.5 m/sec weather circulation speed and 65±5 % relative humidity was found to be as the most ideal one. The moisture content and the values of pH and A_w were 41.62 %, 5.45, 0.91 respectively. The level of organoleptic acceptability was quite satisfactory (8,7). Although there was no growth for Coliform microorganisms, a mild increase was observed in the total viable cell count (5.6xl06) and in the numbers of Staphylococci (4.5x10³ ). The same pastrami sample (DPx^) was kept in a vacuum package for the periods of 1,2 and 3 months at room temperature (20 °G). It was deduced that the weight loss decreased to the level of 1. 75 %, the total viable cell count dropped to 2.9xl0⁵ , the proliferation of anaerob microorganisms increased to 3 .5xl0⁴ , the degree of organoleptic acceptability has not changed significantly (7.9) at the end of 3 months storage period.

Equine Sarcoid Events In Equides

Nursal Metin, Harun Özer, M. Kemal Çiftçi — 1988-01-01

In equides 13 cases of equine sarcoides were investigated macrospically and microspically. These cases were obtained from one horse, tree mules and nine donkeys.

A case of fibrosarcoma of the vagina in a cow

Hüseyin Deveci, Hüseyin Tirmukan, M. Kemal Çiftçi — 1988-01-01

A tumour determined in vagina of a cow was removed surgically. It was detected that it was a fibrosarcoma as a result of histopatolo-gical examination of the tumour. It did not show any sign related to the recurrence of tumour in cow 9 months after the operation.

Calculi vesicalis in a Bitch (A case Report)

O. Sacit Görül — 1988-01-01

A bitch two and half year old, weighting 5 kg with complaints of frequent tenesmus and difficult, dripling and haemorrhagic urination was admitted to the Surgery Clinic of the Veterinary Faculty. The external physical examination of the abdominal wall, revealed the presence of a hard regular object in the caudal part of abdomen, likely in the urinary bladder. At the same time direct radiological examination in the lateral position was performed and revealed regular object shape of guadrangle. For the premedication Xylazine hydrochloride (Rompun) 2 mgr/kg body weight i.m. and Ketamine HCL (Ketalar, 50 mgrjml) 20 mg/kg body weight i.m. for the general anaesthesia were administred. Calculi vesicalis was removed by laparo-cystotomy. The bladder was lavaged with penicillin and saline solution. But the dog was died postoperative period due to uremie. Necropsy revealed hydronephros and chronic cystitis. Calculi vesicalis was found 99.610 gr. weight. Dimensions of the calculi were 5.5x4.5x3.8 cm. Biochemical analysis of calculi vesicalis was made in the Biochemistry Laboratory in the Medical School and reported that the composition was Phosphate in nature. This case has been reported because of that big size of calculi vesicalis wasn't seen until now in our clinic.

THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INTERMEDIATE-MOISTURE FOODS

Nazif Anıl — 1988-01-01

Intermediate Moisture Foods (IMF) can be regarded as being moist enough (20-30 % moisture) to be "ready-to-eat" and yet dry enough to be shelf stable. It is one of the oldest preserved foods of man, but recently there occured a revial of interest in them. Modern IMF are based on lowering of water activity through addition of humectants; addition of myostatic and bacteriostatic agents and incorporation of additional chemicals to improve stability and organoleptic properties. The most outstanding chemicals added for this purpose are glycerol, propylen glycol, K sorbate and salt. As the level of A_w decreases the proliferation of microorganisms in foods suppresses and below A_w 0.65 the growth becomes practically impossible.