Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1986; 2(1)

Nutritional and therapeutic value of fermented milk products

O. Cenap TEKİNŞEN, Suzan YALÇIN — 1986-01-01

Fermentation with lactic acid bacteria is one of the oldest methods of food processing and food preservation used by mankind. Fermented dairy products have essentially the same caloric value as the milk from which they are made, but they are more nutritious due to predigestion by cultures of their components as proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Lactobacillic fermented product such as yogurt could be of benefit to persons with lactose intolerance. Several fermented dairy products contain higher levels of B-vitamins than milk and their counterparts prepared by direct acidification. In addition, during fermentation the lactobacilli can also produce natural antibiotics which are active against a wide variety of Gram- positive and Gram- negative organisms including pathogens, natural anticholesteremic compounds and natural anticarcinogenic compounds.

The effect of lasalocid sodium on growth performance and possible coccidiosis in weaned Akkaraman lambs

Şakir Doğan TUNCER, Behiç COŞKUN, Rıfat CANTORAY, Mehmet Ali TEKEŞ — 1986-01-01

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of Na -lasalocid that was added into concentrate mixtures in 25, 50 and 75 g per ton on growth performance and against the possible coccidia infection of lambs. In the experiment, 40 Akkaraman male lambs with 3.5 - 4 months old were used. The research works were conducted as 4 groups for the period of 84 days. The ratian of the control group did not contain any Na-lasalocid. The average of final weights of lambs in the groups were 47.41; 48.91; 49.98 and 49.96 kg respectively, (P>0.05). Average daily weight gain was found to be 260 g in the control group; 262, 281 and 280 g in the other groups, respectively, (P > 0.05). The concentrates and wheat straw fed to the lambs ad libitum. Total feed consumption for all groups w ere 1646, 1648, 1650 and 1709 g respectively. The concentrate intake per kg weight gain were found to be 5.896, 5.744, 5.402 and 5.571 kg, respectively. According to these results, it would asserted that the groups feed with lasalocid improved the feed canversion rate more than the control group at the level of 2.58%, 8.38%, and 5.51 %, respectively. The numbers of coccidia oocysts were found to be 6ı33, 5ıoo, 6000 and 7833 in ı g of feces sample at the beginning of the experiment. However, the counts of oocysts were sharply reduced after the treatment with Na-lasalocid at all levels. These values were found to be 4033, 38, 30 and 0, respectively, at the end of the experiment. Although 25 g g/ton Na-lasalocid did not improve the growth performance, the same level was highly effective in reducing the cocysts counts. On the other hand, spesifically 50 g/ton Na- lasalocid had both possitive effect on growth performance and reducing oocysts numbers. As a result, the use of this level would be strongly recommended in intensive lamb feeding.

Improvement of pregnancy rates in dairy cows with GnRH injections

Erol ALAÇAM, Tevfik TEKELİ, Yılmaz GÖKÇAY — 1986-01-01

In this trial, the efficacy of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (Factrel^R ), administrated at the time of mating, on the pregnancy rate of dairy cows were studied. Sixty- nine cows were used as materials. Animals were divided in to two• groups and 25µg Factrel were injected to the first group of 33 aniınals and Placebo to the second group of 36 animals. Rectal exploration was performe.d. for estrous controls and pregnancy examinations were done post- mating 19- 21 and 60 days respectively. The pregnancy rates of Factrel injected group (81.81 %) were found higher than the controls (63.88%). The value was found significimtly higher between the two groups (P :<; 0.01). The results were evaluated among the age groups. The differences in the pregnancy ra te were found higher in younger cows ( < 5 ages). There was a markeel improvement in the fertility rate in hormone treated cows after the relatively short interval ( < 60 days) between calving and mating. As a conclusion, the pregnancy rates could be improved with GnRH injections at the time of mating in the early postpartum cows.

Comparative studies on histomorphology of Tensor tympani muscle in carnivores and small ruminants

Ziya ÖZCAN — 1986-01-01

In this study, the histomorphology of tensor tympani muscle, one of the muscle in the middle ear, was comparatively studied in carnivores and smail ruminants at various age groups. The massiveness of muscles in different size and weigh, thin and thick type content of muscle fibers, and additionally the amount of fat cells among the muscle fibres were the striking features between these two species. In smail ruminants, the myofibrils in a muscle fibre were showed a straight course at all age groups, while those in a thick muscle fibre in carnivores displaid a spiral arrangement, related to the age of animal Regarding the differences found histomorphologically, it is thought whether a correlation existed between the high/low sensitivity in hearing and the structure, in these species.

A survey on the susceptibiliy to Theileria annulata infection of buffalo

Nazir DUMANLI — 1986-01-01

In this study 3 splenectomized calves, 2 splenectomized young buffalo calves aged 6 to 8 months were used. Unfed larvae of Hyalomma excavatum, which were fed on rabbit in the Parasitology Laboratory for six generations, were fed on a calf infecdet with Theileria annulata. Infected nymphs developing from these larvae were fed on a calf and a young buffalo calf. Theileria annulata infection occured in the calf but not in the young buffalo calf.

The celular storage of Vitamin A in the cattle liver

Reşat Nuri AŞTI, Ziya ÖZCAN, İlhami ÇELİK, Kenan ÇINAR — 1986-01-01

This study was carried out under the light and fluorescence microscopy to investigate the celular storage of Vitamin A in the liver of cattle given normal or excess dose Vitamin A palmitate. Seven beef cattles whose ages range from one to one an half year were used as a materials. Examination of control animals' liver tissue revealed few fat storing cells carrying one or two small lipid droplets in their cytoplasms. These cells gave weak reactions with Sudan III and gold chloride fluorescence against Vitamin A was also meager. In the animals given Vitamin A palmitate, the number of cells found in the perisinuzoidal space and lipid droplets being exist in the cytoplasm of the cells increased rapidly. Lipid droplets given strong reaction against Sudan III and gold chloride also gave strong fluorescence with Vitamin A palmitate. According to our findings it was concluded that Vitamin A is stored as a Vitamin A ester in perisinuzoidal cells of cattle liver.

Studies on the effectiveness of Cefoperazone on subclinical mastitis of dairy cows

Erol ALAÇAM, Tevfik TEKELİ, Yavuz SEZEN, Osman ERGANİŞ — 1986-01-01

In this study the effectiveness of Cefoperazone injected intracisternally against to different bacterias was investigated in subclinically infected cows. The udder quarters of 52 Swedish Red cows W i thin 3-13 years old were used as materials. They were all in the first month of lactation. Quarter samples were screened for the California Mastitis Test (CMT), and milk samples were collected aseptically from the infected udders. After a direct microscopic somatic cell count was carried out on all positive samples, they were cultured and antibiograms were tested. Pathazone (Cefoperazone sodium, 258.8 mg, Pfizer) was injected intracisternally in a single dose to the subclinically infected quarters after evening milking and rested in the quarters at least for 12 hours. Seven days later, the milk samples were collected and cultured again. The samples which are free from the pathogen isolated from the first sample were decided as a cured. The microorganisms isolated from the infected quarters were found to be 50.44% for staphylococcus, 30.75% for streptococcus. The positive results of the treatment were 83.33- 100% in streptococcus and only 44.44% in staphylococcus infections. As a conclusion, Cefoperazone sodium was found effective against to most of the subclinical mastitis agents as they are in the elinical cases.

Detection of N-nitrosamine compounds by gas chromatography in sausages

İbrahim PİRİNÇCİ, H. Ahmet ACET, Bekir BATI — 1986-01-01

In this study, the levels of nitrosamines which can occur in 21 sausage samples provided from Elazığ, Konya, Kayseri and Ankara regions were investigated. NPyr was found in all that samples in the result of the analysis made by using gas chromatography with flame-ionization- detector. Whereas, NDMA, NDEA and NPip were determined in about 95% of samples analysed. The levels of nitrasamirres determined in the sausage samples analysed were 5.1- 370.0 ppb, 2.5- 600.0 ppb, 6.5- 200.0 ppb, and 1.4- 125.0 ppb for NDMA, NDEA, NPyr and NPip respectively. According to the density groups, fourty- one %41, 17.95%, 10.26%, 6.41 %, 6.41%, 6.41 %, 7.69%, 2.56% 1.28% of the levels found for four nitrasamine derivatives were determined to be between 1.1- 20.0 ppb, 20.1- 40.0 ppb, 40.1- 60.0 ppb, 60.1- 80.0 ppb, 80.1- 100.0 ppb, 100.0- 150.0 ppb, 150.0- 200.0 ppb, 200.1- 400.0 ppb, 400.1- 600.0 ppb respectively. In conclusion, it can be said that the occurence of nitrasamine derivatives in the levels, which can produce canserogenic effect in same samples, is due to the adding of the compounds with nitrate nitrite to these samples.

Studies on the Penicillin- resistance with same enzyme characteristics and biochemicaı tests of Staph. aureus isolated from cows milk with mastitis

İ. Yavuz SEZEN, Osman ERGANİŞ, Mehmet ÇORLU, Mehmet ATEŞ — 1986-01-01

Nineteen strains of Staph. aureus isolated from cows milk with mastitis were tested for their ability to produce coagulase, phosphatase, catalase, B-lactamase, clumping factor, oxydation/fermentcı. tion (O/F) and resistance of penicillin and ampicillin. All of the strains have produced B-lactamase and their resistance rates to penicillin and ampicillin were 94.9%, 47.9% respectively. Catalase, ı;ıhosphatase and 0/l<., producing rate of all Staph. aureus were positive 100%. The Coagulase tests found to be positive at the rate of 89.8% with rabbit plasma, 73.7% with cow plasma, 100% with mixture of rabbit-cow piasma. The rate of positive clumping factors was also found to be 89.8%, 94.9%, 100% with rabbit, cow and mix plasma, respectively. 73.7% of all strains have grown on Mannitol Salt Agar plates. 12 strains producedgolden cooured colonies. All of the 6 strains were intracutaneously inoculated to rabbits reduced necrosis.

Seralogic studies on ineidence of Bluetongue disease of sheep in Elazığ, Diyarbakır and Şanlıurfa

Yusuf BOLAT — 1986-01-01

Pericipitating antibody with the aid of immunodiffusion test and neutralizing antibody against bluetongue virus type 4 were determined in 275 of 1290 sera samples from sheep which in same cities of the east south- east Anatolia such as Elazıg, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, Kayseri, Muş, Van and Tunceli. The ineidence of the disease in these cities was determined as 21.32 percent.

Bakteriologische Untersuchungen der Bodenproben aus verschiedenen Vororten von der Stadt -Konya

İ. Yavuz SEZEN, Mehmet ÇORLU, Osman ERGANİŞ, Mehmet ATEŞ — 1986-01-01

Es wurden 52 Bodenproben Umgebung von Konya über bakteriologische Erreger untersucht. Aus 52 Proben wurden 138- Erreger isoliert, da von ll 7 (%85) konuten identifiziert werden. Die identifizierten Bakterien sind Mycobacterium sp., Enterabaeter sp., Salmonella sp., E. coli, Serratia, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus sp.

Researches on erythrocyte Glutathione Values of White Karaman Lambs

Mehmet NİZAMLIOĞLU, Nuri BAŞPINAR — 1986-01-01

In this study the erythrocyte GSB: values of a total of 100. white Karaman Lamb; 58 lambs with 8- 9 months of age belonging to Koriya Meat Fishery Combine and 42 lambs with 6 - 7 months of age belonging to Selçuk Univeı:sity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, . were determined. 95 % of the determined GSH values were found in GSHh type and 5% of them in GSHH type. The values of GSH^h were found to be 4.6- 43.0% mg (average 18.58 ±0.93% mg) and values of GSH^H were found to be 55.3-141.3 mg %. (average 79.56 ±15.70%mg).

A study of the determination of goşsypol levels of cottonseed meals produced in Turkey

Şakir Doğan TUNCER, Sakine YALÇIN — 1986-01-01

This experiment was carried out to determine free and total gossypol contents of cottonseed meals obtained from the different parts of Turkey. Cottonseed meal plays an important role in supplying the protein needs of animals. However gossypol content, especially free gossypol content, is a restricted factor for the usage of this meal. At the end of the experiment, free and total gossypol amounts of extraction cottonseed meal were found as 0.0573 and 0.418%; the amounts of expeller cottonseed meal were also found as 0.0694 and 0.565%, respectively.

Sorne observations on the enzootic pneurnonias of larnbs and kids

Harun ÖZER, H. Basri G ÜLCÜ — 1986-01-01

In vicinity of Elazığ, 17 lambs and 3 kids with pneumonia were examined. Macroscopically, the foci of pneumonia in lugs were voluminous or collapsed according to the nature and duration of the disease. Histological changes were oedema, hyalin membranes, epithelisation in alveoli and lympho- histiocytic proliferation in the interalveolar tissues. On the other hand, macrophages established in some alveoli and bronchioli. Bacteriologically, Pasteurella spp., Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were observed.

The opemtive treatment of the caecum dilation and right abamasal deplacement case in a weaning calf

Veysi ASLAN, Kürşat TURGUT, Yılmaz KOÇ — 1986-01-01

A caecum dilatation and right abamasal deplacement case was determined at a male weaning calf of cross bread southern Anatolia Red (GAK) that was brought to the clinics of internal medicine of Veterinary Faculty at the same day, the caecum was discharged and the abamasum brought back in its right place by the fippropriate operative procedures. The calf was treated by applying antibiotics and liquid electrolites via intra peritonal and parenteral means. It was observed that the animal has been recovered in the 10^th day of treatment.

Ein Fall über die mit Kokzidiose verlaufende nekrotische Enteritis beim Broiler

Hüdaverdi ERER, İ. Yavuz SEZEN — 1986-01-01

In dieser Arbeit wurden die Erscheinungen von der mit Kokzidiose zusammem verlaufenden nekrotischen Enteritis beschrieben. Die makroskopischen Lesionen wurden in dem Dünndarm besanders in Ileum beobachtet. In den obengenannten Regionen war die Darmwand verdickt und ödematös. In der Schleimhaut wurden haemorrhagische Nekroseherden und Fibringerinsel festgestellt. Als mikroskopische Befunde wurden Epithel- und Zottendesquamation, Verdickung des Zotten, Hyperaemie sowie infiltrationen heterophilet Granulozyten und mononuklearen Zellen festgestellt. Ausserdem wurden in den Zotten Fibrine, Erythrozyten und in den aus den nekrotischen Zellen entstehenden Massen zahlreiche Clostridien beobachtet. Man traf auch in den Epithelien Kokzidien.

A case of spondylitis ossificans in a dog

Erdoğan SAMSAR, Faruk AKIN, Necdet GÜZEL, Nuri YAVRU — 1986-01-01

A case of spondylitis ossificans in a dog was reported. The dog was six years old, and had paraplegia in the hind limbs. In radiographical examination, the ossified bridges among the vertebral bodies in the lumbosacral area were seen. Upon the consent of the owner, because the treatment was impossible the animal was euthanesied.

Tuberkulose bei einer Taube

İ. Yavuz SEZEN, Hüdaverdi ERER, Osman ERGANİŞ — 1986-01-01

In dieser Arbeit wurde in einer Leber einer Taube festgestellten Tuberkulose makroskopisch, mikroskopisch und bakteriologisch untersucht.

Calliphora vomitoria in a dog eye

Erdoğan SAMSAR, Necdet GÜZEL, Zafer KARAER, Nuri YAVRU, Mehmet GÜRKAN — 1986-01-01

In may 5^th 1983 a male puppy in 5 days old with a slight occular purulent discharge was brought to the clinics of the Veterinary Faculty of Ankara University, for treatment. The lid area was swollen and a purulent discharge was extruding throung a small lid openin. The lid separation was performed with a blunt scissors. By this, the conjunctival and the corneal surface were exposed and two worms were found on the corneal surface. The worms were removed with forceps. Perforation and panophthalmia was seen in the cornea. The worms were identified as Calliphora vomitoria.

Untersuchungen über Aspergillose bei Junghennen

Hüdaverdi ERER, İ. Yavuz SEZEN, Osman ERGANİŞ — 1986-01-01

In dieser Arbeit wurde die Aspergillose bei 3,5 monaten alten 7 Hisex Junghennen Untersuchungen durchgeführt. In einem Betrieb mit 1500 Junghennen wurde die Sterblichkeit 30% gestiegen. Es wurde bei sezierten Junghennen in den Lungen, auf den Luftsaecken, Herzmuskeln, der Brustwand, in der Leber und auf der abdaminalen Serosa Granulome festgestellt. Aus den Granulomen wurden die Proben enttommen und auf Sabouraud Agar beimpft. Nach dem Wachstum der Kllituren wurde Aspergillus fumigatus festgestellt. Bei der histopathologische Untersuchungen der stecknadelkopf- his erbsengrossen, weissen -lüisigen Granulomen wurden zentraler Nekroseherd mit Pilzhyphen festgestellt, der von Makrophagen, heterophilen Granulozyten und Riesenzellen umgegeben und bindegewebige Kapsel eingegrenzt wurde.