Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1987; 3(1)

DÜZELTME

1987-01-01

CREATINE KINASE: A BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH

Nihat MERT — 1987-01-01

In this review creatin kinase was overviwed from the biochemical point of view.

Determination of milk and plasma progesterone concentrations for early diagnosing pregnancy in cows

Erol ALAÇAM, Tevfik TEKELİ, A. Nuri SEZER — 1987-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the pregnancy diagnosis rates by blood and milk serum progesterone assays at the first and second estrous periods after the natural servings in cows and heifers. Fourty Swedish red cows and 10 heifers, between 2- 11 years old, were used as materials. Blood and milk samples w ere collecteld from cows in addi tion to blood samples taken from heifers on the days of 21, 38 and 45 days after serving. Blood and milk samples were centrifugated for 20 minutes at the 2000 and 5000 rpm respectively and were kept in at- 20 until the determination of progesterone by radioimmunoassay method. For the progesterone assays, «¹²⁵ I Direct progesterone kits, IMM 1024, Immuchem Comp.» and «gamma counter, mini assay type, 6 - 20» were used. The figures higher than 2.30 ng/ml for plasma and 1.94 ng/ml for milık serum both the cows and heifers were evaluated as pregnant. Radioimmunoassay results were controlled by rectal examination on the 60 th day after the servings. At the end of the study the correct diagnosis rates were 84.45 % and 100.00 % for pregnant and non pregnant animals. The progesterone values for the blood samples ta'ken at the 21 st, 38 th and 45 th days were not different statistically. A correlatlon at 5% level was found between the blood and milk samples in cows and heifers. As a conclusion, the high rate of correct pregnancy diagnosis can be obtained satisfactorily in cows and heifers by the assays of the blood and milk samples collected at the 21 st day of serving.

The effect of different energy sources on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition and fatty liver syndrome in broilers, I. The effect on growth performance and abdominal fat deposition

Şakir Doğan TUNCER, Reşat AŞTI, Behiç COŞKUN, Mehmet Ali TEKEŞ, Hüdaverdi ERER — 1987-01-01

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different energy sources used in broiler diets on the growth performance and the albdominal fat deposition. Four hundred male and 400 female day- old Arbro -7 chicks were randomly distributed by sex into sixteen pens, each pen containing 50 chicks. In eght experimental rations, 1. Corn (M); 2. Sunflower oil (2.5 %) (AY1); 3. Sunflower (5%) (AY₂ ); 4. Fish oil (2.5 %) (BY₁ ); 5. Fish oil (5%) (BY₂ ); 6. Animal fat (2.5 %) (HY₁ ); 7. Animal fat (5 %) (HY₂ ); 8. Wheat + Sunflower oil (3 %) (BAY) were used as supplemental or based energy sources. Each ration was fed to one male and one female group. Thus, sixteen groups were set up and the experiment was ended at the 56th day. Mean live weight values of the males were between 1892.93 and 2375.00 grams. The groups of M and BAY had the lowest live weight. the highest values were obtained from the chickens in AYı (2355.58 g), AY₂ (2375.00 g) and BY₁ (2346.16 g) (P<0.01). There were no significant differences among the live weights of females fed sunflower oil, fish oil and animal fat (P > 0.05). The total feed consumption and feed convertion of male chickens w ere 4.424-5.376 kg and 2.135-2.450 kg, respectively, during the entire experiment. The satisfactory feed convertion values were found in AY₂ and BAY. Feed convertion of female chicken groups was in the range of 2.352- 2.574 kg and the chickens in the group fed corn as an energy source consumed more feed for 1 kg weight gain than the other groups. Abdominal fat contents of the males were in the range of 24.1-44.9 g and percent abdominal fat of live weight was in the range of 1.0-2.0 %. Both abdominal fat weight and the percent abdominal fat of live weight were the largest in the groups fed fish oil. In the females, the highest values were obtained in BAY, HY₁ and HY₂ (55.7, 48.7 and 52.4 g respectively). The percent abdominal fat of li ve weight in the same sex groups was between 1.8 and 2.9 %. According to these results, it is said that the abdominal fat deposition of female chickens was more than the values of males. As a result, because of best effect on increasing growth performanc~ obtained with supplementing various levels of sunflower oil, it is suggested that the vegetable oil be used in broiler rations as an energy subsitute for some part of corn:. On the contrary, fish oil used in broiler rations increased abdominal fat accumulation and caused fishy smell in me at.

The effect of different energy sources on growth performance, abdominal fat depasition and fatty liver syndrome in broilers. II. The effect on fatty liver syndrome

Şakir Doğan TUNCER, Reşat AŞTI, Behiç COŞKUN, Hüdaverdi ERER, Mehmet Ali TEKEŞ — 1987-01-01

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different energy sources used in broiler diets on occurence of fatty liver syndrome. Four hundred male and 400 femal dayold Arbro 7 were randomly distributed by sex into sixteen pens with each pen containing 50 chicks. In eight experimental rations, 1. Corn (M); 2. Sunflower oil (2.5 %) (AY₁ ); 3. Sunflower oil (5 %) (AY₂ ); 4. Fish oil (2.5 %) (BY₁ ); 5. Fish oil (5 %) BY₂ ); 6. Animal fat (2.5%) (HY₁ ); 7. Animal fat (5%) (HY₂ ); 8. Wheat + Sunflower oil (3 %) (BAY) were used as supplemental or based energy sources. Each ration was fed to one male and one female •group. Thus, sixteen groups were set up and experiment was ended at the 56th day. At the 56th day of the experiment, the highest liver weights and liver fat percentages of the male chickens were found in BY₁ and BY₂ fed fish oil. On the other hand, the highest liver weight was found in BY₂ and the highest percentage of liver fat was observed in BY₁ in the females. At the end of the experiment, in macroscopic investigation of livers of the male and female chickens fed fish oil were yellowish pale, swollen and crispy. In microscobic investigation of the livers in the same groups, the excessive amounts of lipid infiltrations were seen in the cytoplasma of paranchymal cells. Simiral observation was found in the livers of female chickens fed corn. There were the excessive amounts of lipid infiltrations in M and BAY in males and in HY₁ and BAY females, but the lipid level was less than the above groups. By contrast, the lesser amounts of lipid infiltrations were observed in the liver paranchymal cells of the chickens fed the rations supplemented vegetable or animal fat. As a result, because of the best effect on the reduction of fat level obtained with supplementing various levels of sunflower oil, it is sug• gestecl that the vegetable oil be used in broiler rations as an energy substitute of some part of corn. On the contrary, fish oil used in broileı rations increasecl liver fat accumulation and caused fishy smell in meat.

A General Evaluation in aspects of internal diseases of the animals that were brought to the clinics of thıe veterinary facuıty of Selçuk University in 1985- 1986

Veysi ASLAN, Ali Muhtar TİFTİK — 1987-01-01

In this article an information was given about the types of diseases, the systems where they are located, their distribution based on the seasons and the animal species, the origines and the causes of diseases related to a total of 1060 animals that was brought to the clinics of the Veterinary Faculty Selçuk Üniversity in 1985- 1986. The distribution rate of diseases was found to be as 34.8% in horse, 16.2% in cow, 36.9% in calf, 6.2 % in sheep and 5.7% in cat and dog. In the region, the infections of the respiratory system were significantly higher. In fact, the tuberculosis, enzootic pneumonia, viral pneumonia and influenze were more common among these diseases. Furthermore several zoonotic diseases such as malleus and brucellosis, calf septisemia, parasitic disease and other disorders related to mineral and vitamin deficiency were also observed.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON LEUCOCYTES OF SOME FRESHW ATER FISH SPECIES

Mehmet KOCABATMAZ, Gürkan EKİNGEN — 1987-01-01

Since the composition of fish blood is fundamental to a comprehensive understanding of the normal and pathological biology of fish, haematology will play an important role in the diagnosis of fish diseases in the future. Therefore, economically important some freshwater fish species (Salmo gairdneri Rich., Silurus glanis L., Cyprinus carpio L. and Leuciscus cephalus L.) in Turkey have been studied for identification of leucocyte types and leucocyte formula. May Grünwald - Giemsa mixed stain was used fo~ the differential leucocyte count and identification of leucocytes of fish species. Since, the nucleus of leucocytes was not stained sufficiently with Giemsa stain, 1.5 drops of concentrated Giemsa stain were aded in 1 ml of distilled water. The mean percentage and the identification of each type of leucocyte present was calculated for each species. It is concluted that, the differentialleucocyte count and their pictures of some fishes given in this paper will help the comparative haematologist to understand better the circulating blood values of freshwater hishes.

Samengewinnung durch Penismassage beim Rüden und die Untersuchungen über einige Spıermaeigenschaften

Necmettin TEKİN, Hakkı İZGÜR, Mustafa ÖZYURT — 1987-01-01

Die Samen wurden von fünf Kangal - und von fünf Deutschen Schaferhund- Rasse durch Penismassage gewonnen. Zur sexuellen Stimulation war jeweils eine laufige Ründin anwesend. Die Absamung der Rüden erfolgte durch manuelle Frilktionsbewegungen des penis. Die Ejakülaten wurden mit Hilfe der Farbe und Konsistenz des Sekrets nach I.-,II.-bzw. III. Ejakülationsphase geteilt. Bei, der Ejakülaten, die von jeder Rüde fünf mal mit der Intervall von zwei Tage gewonnen wurde, wurden die Untersuchungsparemeter von Volumen, Motilitat, Dichte, Abnormal Spermien, Su'bravitalfarbung, pH und Ejekülationsdauer herangezogen. Diese spermatologische Eingenschaften in der 25 Ejakülate bei der Kangal- Rasse wurden 25.4 cm³ , 62.6 %, 524.0 x 10⁶ /cm³ , 7.9 %, 6.7 %, 6.1 und 10.3 minute; bzw. bei Deutschen Schaferhunde - Rasse 21.2 cm³ , 67.8 %, 305.8 x 10⁶ /cm³ , 6.2 %, 6.1 %, 6.2 und 10.8 minute festgestelt. Die Werte, die für die gleichen spermatologische Eingenschaften ausserhalb der Volumen bei der beiden Rasse gefunden wurden, zeigten keine signifikante Unterschied.

Studies on the application of renal angiography in dogs

Nuri YAVRU, Celal İZCİ, Yılmaz KOÇ — 1987-01-01

In this study an experimental angiography was applied to 10 dogs in 9- 28 kg. weight. Henceforth, the applicational possibility of this method in dog was investigated. For this purpose, the skin upon M. pectineus anterior, at the medial face of os femoris was incised in 5 cm. length. After uncovering up A. femoralis, the Cook's Catheter (6F) was inserted by means of the Sedlinger Cannula and a metalic guide. The point of catheter, under the scopy, was inserted into A. femoralis and advanced through aorta abdominalis up to the bifurcational region of A. renalis. The radiographic film was obtained following the injection of contrast mediums such as Urografin %76 (Schering), Omnipaque (Nyegaard). Later the catheter was taken out by making pressure with adrenalin soaked cotton. Slkin and subcutan tissues were sutured. Since the bleeding would not have been stopped in two cases, ligature was applied to A. femoralis. Besides that, any kind of complications did not happened either before or during the experiments. In this study it is deduced that the application of renal angiography would be benefidal in diagnosis of renal diseases of dogs.

Postmortem studies on macroscopic lesions of the genital organs as to bovine infertility

Dursun Ali DİNÇ, Mehmet GÜLER — 1987-01-01

A total of 1695 bovine reproductive tracts immediately obtained from the slaughtered animals in Konya Meat Combine was examined macroscopically. Of these, 420 cows (24.78 %) were found to be pregnant, 1275 cows (75.22 %) were nonpregnant. 238 pregnancy cases (56.66 %) have taken place in the right horn of uterus, 182 cases (43.34 %) were in the left side. Some minor pathological lesions were observed in 5 cases (0.30 %) of the pregnant cows as well as in 108 cases (6.37 %) of the nonpregnant ones. The most frequently identified lesions were the follicular cysts (2.90 %) in the genital organs. These abnormalities were more frequent in the winter season. Tuberculosic lesions of the genital organs were recorded in a ra te of 0.35 %. Although, in one case, the hidrosalpinx and severe ova- bursa! adhesions in the right ovarium were present, a 30-35 day old foetus was seen in the left horn of uterus. Beyond that, two 5 months old mummified foetus and a twin pregnancy were encountered.

Researches on Ovine Adenavirus Type Three (OA₃) Isolated from Clinically Healthy Sheep in Turkey

Feridun ÖZTÜRK — 1987-01-01

A cytopathogen virus isolated by means of MDBK (Madin Darby Bovine Kidney) and primary lamb kidney tissue cultures from the faeces of clinically healthy sheep brought to Meat and Fish Organization Ankara. Isolated virus was alsa able to multiply in cattle originated cells besides the sheep originated ones and the type of its nucleic acid was DNA. According to measurements made by electronmicroscope its length was alıout 100 milimicron. It was resisted against fat soluables such as ethe.r and chloroform and also trypsin enzyme. It lost infectiousness at 56°C in 120 minutes and at 60°C in 30 minutes. In between 3.0 and 4.0 pH degrees its infectiousness estimated to be decreased. It gave heamagglutination with rat erythrocytes and no elinical syımptoms estimated in rabbit, quinea pig and mice, but neutralizing antibodies were estimated in rabbit and quinea pig. Neutralisation estimated with OA₃ by means of cross neutralisation. It is concluded that the isolated virus was ovine adenavirus type 3 (OA₃ ) in accordance to the characteristics mentioned above.

The investigations on experimııntal colibasillosis and its treatment with milk replacer samples in calves

Yeysi ASLAN, Yavuz SEZEN, Osman ERGANİŞ, Ali Muhtar TİFTİK, Osman KAYA — 1987-01-01

Twelve calves about one week old, were usercl in this study. Milk replacer was given with special bucket. Before inoculating E. coli strains, the calves were examined clinically and pocket cell volume (PCV), total leucocyt number, serum urea, Na, K, inorganic P and total protein were determined in blood samples. All of these blood parameters were found in normal values. Each calves was given orally 40 ml. enterötoxigenic (10⁸ - bacterins/ ml.) and 2 ml. invasion (l0¹² bacterins/ml.) E. coli strain for occuring experimental colibasillosis. All calves were examined clinically and their blood samples were taken for determining blood parameters at 1^st , 12^th , 36^th hour of infection. At 12^th hour of infection elinical signs were observed. They were fever, lock of appetite, mild diarrhoea and increased pulse and respiratory rate. At 36^th hour these elinical findings were became severe. At the same time PCV, total leucocyt, serum urea levels were increased and Na level was decreased significantly. However, the total protein, K and P values were not affected. After the observation of these sing the calves were divided into three groups: The control, Esha Calvasid Superasid and Cholostral Suplement groups. The calves in control group were given 150g/l water Esha calvasid 60, the calves in other treatment group were given 125g/l water Esha calvasid superasid and the•third group w as fed 50 ml. cholostral suplement/1 milk. Only one calf in control•group died and other calves in control group were heated with cholostral suplement. The calves in both tteatment group were returned to their normal health.

Fluorometfic det;ermination of oxytetracycline (OTC) and tetracycline (TC) in animal tissues and influence of citric acid on absorption of oxytetracycline

Ahmet ACET, Mehmet NİZAMLIOĞLU — 1987-01-01

In this study, 55 broiler chickens which have been provided from the poultry- house of the Veterinary Faculty of University of Selçuk were used. Plasma, white muscle, red muscle, liver and kidney tissues, following the oral administration of the antibiotic tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) alone or with citric acid, were determined in broiler chickens. The fluorometric method was used for the determination of the OTC and TC residues in the tissues and plasma. The emission maxima of OTC and TC were at 500 nm and the exitation maxima were at 400 nm. The levels of OTC and TC in all the tissues were fo und to be between 0:041 and 2.86 ppm, 0.003 and 0.116 ppm respectively.

Research on serum Na, K and inorganic P values in Southern Anatolian Red, Holstein with their first and second cros - bred

Veysi ASLAN, Mehmet NİZAMLIOĞLU, Nuri BAŞPINAR — 1987-01-01

This study was carried out on 76 heifers in 17-20 months of age; 20 Holstein (H), 20 Southern Anatolian Red (GAK), 20 first cross -bred (G₁ )• and 16 second cross- bred obtaineld from the Mercimek Zootechnical Research İnstitue of General Directorate for Agricultural Affairs. The serum Na and K value s were determined with Flame – Photo-meter. The serum inorganic P values were executed by using Boehringer test kit. The results were stattistically evaluated by analysis of variance. The levels of Na, K and inorganic P in all the groups respectively between. 322.95 ±,8.78 - 351.60. ±1.52 mg/100 ml, 21.45 ±0.45 - 23.14 ±1.83 mg/100 ml, 6.09 ±0.30 - 7.20 ±0.25 mg/100 ml. The results between all of .the groups were not found statisotically significant ( > 0.05).

Investigations on the blood parasites and their ineidence in cattle in Elazığ region

Nazir DUMANL, Edip ÖZER — 1987-01-01

This study was made to determine the blood parasites and their ineidence in cattle in Elazığ region. Three types of material were used in this study. The first group contained the blood smears obtained from 69 cattle which were suspected to be infected with blood parasites. Second group consisted of rthe blood smears obtained from 261 cattle showing no elinical symptom of any disease. The last group contained lymph node, liver and spleen smears of 4 cattle in which some symptom related with blood parasites were seen after slaughtering in the slaug'hterhouse. All smears were microscopically examined after fixing with methyl alcohol and staining with giemza. In the first group, the elinical infections caused by Theilaria annulata, T. annulata + T. mutans, Babesia bigemina, T. mutans + B. bigemina and T. annulata + T. mutans +B. bigemina were 28.98 %, 20.28%, 1.45 %. 1.45% and 1.45% respectively. The latent infections caused by. T. annulata, T. mutans and T. annulata + T. mutans were 5.97 %, 11.59 % and 4.34% respectively in the same group. In the second group, the latent infections caused by T. mutans, T. annulata + T. mutans and T. annulata were 36.78 %, 19.54% and 2,30 % respectively. T. annulata was seen in 2 out of 4 cattle and B. bovis in the other two cattle in the last group. Clinical infections were found in every age of cattle after 15 days of age, especially in May, June and July. Latent infections were seenin every age of cattle, following one year of age in all season.

Researchizs on biochemical, antibiotics sensitivity and transferable drug - resistance ( R - factor) characteristics of E. c ali strains isolated from diarrheal calves in Konya region.

Mehmet ATEŞ, İ. Yavuz SEZEN, Osman ERGANİŞ, Mehmet ÇORLU — 1987-01-01

In this study, same biochemical characteristics, different antibiotics resistance states and R- factor transmissibility of 51 E. coli strain.s isolated from calves with diarrhea up to one week age were examined. Biochemical characteristics of the strains were found to be as follows: The rates for glucose, lactose, mannitol dulsitol, arabinose and adonitol fermentation tests were 100 %, 100%, 100 %, 54.9 %, 98.1 % and 21.6 % respectively and the rates for urease production, citrate utilization, tryp- tophane deaminase, H₂ S, indol and .motility tests were 100 %, 0.0 %, 0.0 %, 0.0 %, 100%, 0.0 %, 96.1% and 80.4% respectively. It was observed that only one of the whore strains ( 1.96 %) passessed a hemolytic activity. According to the results of disk diffusion method, antiıbiotic resistance rates of E. coli strains were determined as follows 70.5 % for tetracyline, 86.2 % for oxytetracycline and neomisin, 98.1 % for erytromisin, 54.9% for ampisilin, 49.0 % for streptomisin, 23.4 % for chloramphenicole and 5.9% for nalidixic acide. Of the strains 94.1 per cent were resistant to more than 3 antibiotics. The rates of R – plasmid transmission of the strain were found to be 27.1 per cent.

Comparative studies on the hearts and coronary arteries of Akkaraman sheep and ordinary goats

Sadettin TIPIRDAMAZ — 1987-01-01

This study was made on the hearts of 38 Akkaraman sheep and 38 ordinary goats. The heart is located between the second and fifth intercostal spaces in Akkaraman sheep and between the third and sixth intercostal spaces in ordinary goats. Sterno - pericardiac ligaments are attached to the sternuru at the levels of the sixth and seventh costal cartilages in Akkaraman sheep and ordinary goats respectively. The weights of the hearts are 160.93 ±4.65, 148.75 ± 12.5 gr in Akkaraman sheep

The Treatment of Enzootic Calf Pneumonia Wit Tiamutin

Veysi ASLAN — 1987-01-01

This investigation has been made in Konya from 1986 - 1987'in winter season ori 50 calves with enzootic pneumonia. In investigation, the most affected calves in the infected herds were chosen. Tiamutin was injected (1 ml/10 kg) intramuscularly to each infected calf for three consecutive days. All of the calves recovered by this treatment.

Determination of antibiotic residues in the animal tissues by agar diffusion technique

Ahmet ACET, Mehmet ATEŞ, Osman ERGANİŞ — 1987-01-01

After oxytetracyline (20 mg/kg) and tetracycline (50 mg/ kg) were given orally to the broiler chickens, antibiotic residues in tissues were determined by agar diffusion technique. Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) was used as a sensitive strain. Petri dishes punched at 8 mm in diameter were incubated at 37°C overnight. A total of 124 tissues was tested. The oxytetracycline and tetracycline residues that have been found in tissues were respectively 0.32 - 2.56 µg/gr and 0.080 - 0.240 µg/gr. The limites of the test strain sensitivity were determined 0.04 µg and 0.01 µg levels for oxytetracycline and tetracycline respectively.

Research on Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, Alkaline phosphatase, Blood Urea Nitragen and Free Fatty Acids activities in Holstein, Southern Anatolian Reds, first and second cross-bred in the seasonaı differencies

Mehmet NİZAMLIOĞLU — 1987-01-01

In this study a total of 69 heifers in 8- 11 months of age; 21 Holstein (H), 17 Southern Anatolian Reds (GAK), 18 Holstein x GAK first cross- bred (G₁ ) and 13 second cross-bred (G₂ ) obtained from the Mercimek Zootechnical Research Institute of General Directorate for Agricultural affairs, were used. The experiments have continued for 4 seasons. Therefore a total of 276 blood samples: 4 times from each animal in every season, were collected and 1104 analyses: GOT, BUN, ALP- FF A for each samples were carried out. The analysis of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase eİızymes in blood serum were executed by using Boehringer enzyme test kits. For the determination of nitragen in b:ood urea, Nesslerisation method was used. Free fatty acidsin plasma were measured by coloİ'imetric methods. The results were statistically evaluated by analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test. According to the seasonal differencies the following values were obtained. The GOT values; 41.44 ±3.84- 82.38 ±5.69 U/L. The ALP values; 36.85 ±2.19 - 110.76 ±7.86 U/L. The BUN values; 10.02 ±0.667- 17.52 ±1.328 mg/100 ml. The FFA values; 0.047 ±0.003 - 0.461 ±0.093 mM/L. The differences related to the seasons and animal breeds are found to be statistically significant (P <0.01, P <0.05).

Clinical experiments with the topical applications of DMSO (Dimethylsulfoxide) in some traumatic lesions of small and large animals

Nuri YAVRU, Erdoğan SAMSAR, Faruk AKIN — 1987-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in the treatment of some traumatic lesions occured in different parts of the body of small and large animals. For this purpose 9 ca ttle ( calf, heifer, co w, bull), 7 horses, 2 cocks, 1 ram, 16 dogs and cats, totally 35 animals were used as materials. Undiluted pure DMSO or its 1/3 diluted solutions of it with glycerine, were applied locally once or twice in a day for the period until recovery of the lesions. DMSO was poured on the surface of the traumatic lesions by naked hand or piece of cotton or gause. The lesions were recovered between 2 - 15 and 2 - 5 days in small and large animals respectively. The treatment was failed on only two animals. As a conclusion, DMSO applications were found to be a simple and effective treatment in acut traumatic lesions of both small and large animals.

The histological and biochemical investigations on fatty liver syndrome in broilers

1987-01-01

This study was carried out to investigate the correlation between the fatty liver syndrome and som,e blood values in broilers fed with rations containing corn, sunflower oil and animal fat. Totally 150 day- old Arbro- 7 female chicks were used in the experiment. There were three groups each containing 50 chicks. The experiment lasted in 56 days. At the end of the experiment, a severe case of fatty livers was observed in the group fed with corn based ration. The highest SGOT (P < 0.05) and FF A values were fo und in this group. In the other two groups fed differently with ration containing sunflower oil and the animal fat, the lesser amount of lipid infiltrations were observed. The total serum cholesterol levels in the group fed with animal fat were higher than the other groups (P<0.0l). As a result, it can be deduced that the determination of SGOT values as well as the histological investigation would be helpfull in the diagnosis of subclinical fatty liver syndrome.

Researches on new and simple test for elifferentiation of tuberculosis anel brucellosis

Veysi ASLAN — 1987-01-01

This research was carried out on a total of 50 ili animals suspected from tuberculosis and brucellosis which were brought to the clinics of Veterinary Faculty and on 10 healthy cattle that have being raised at o ur experimental farm. All of the animals were inspected clinically and the new and simple test ,Balcı test was applied to those ones with tuberculosis and brusellosis. Based on the test evaluation, tuberculin was given in the case positive reaction and the serological methods were applied in the brusellosis incidents. The Balcı and tuberculin tests were both positive at 25 samples out of 40, the Balcı test was positive, but the tuberculin test was negative for 5 samples; on the other hand the Balcı and tuberculin were both negative for 10 samples. The same test was applied to 8 cattle and 2 rams with bruceilasis and a positive relation was obtained. This was affirmed by the Iabaratarial findings. Methodology of Balcı test : A. Solutions 1 - 0.75 % Eosin Solution (Solution A). This solution was obtained by dissolving Eosin in distilled water. 2 - Glycine - saline Buffer solution (pH 8.2), obtained by dissolving 7.5 gr glycine in 977 cc distilled water adding 2.5 cc 1 N Na OH the mixture was levelled to 1000 cc by adding distilled water and furthermore 8.5 gr NaCL was added. 3 - 1 % CaCL₂ solution, obtained by dissolving 1 gr granul ated pure CaCI₂ in 100 cc distiled water. 4 - Three parts of Glycine - Saline Buffer Solution were mixed with one part of 1% CaCI₂ solution. Sodium Acide of 1/20 concentration in distiled water was added to this mixture until the mixture reached a sodium acide concentration of 1/2000. The resulting mixture was used in the test and it is called solution B. B. Aplication A full drop of blood obtained from the top of ear was placed on a slide. A drop of solution was added and mixed with the tip of the lanset and the mixture was spread over the slide. Next a drop of solution B was added, mixed and spread smilarly. The slide was rolled back and forth a couple of times. When many red granulations appeared in the mixture within two minutes the test was considered as positive.

The influence of citric acid on the absorbtion of chlortetracycline from the alimentary tract in the Broiler chickens

Ahmet ACET, Mursayettin EKSEN, Zafer DURGUN — 1987-01-01

Plasma and tissues concentrations were determined by fluorimetric method, after administering the chlortetracycline orally to the Broiler chickens. It was found that the most drug residues were in the liver and kidney. It was observed that citric acid has increased the chlortetracycline absorption in the alimentary tract. The emission maxima of the chlortetracycline was 500 nm and excitation maxima was at 400 nm. The chlortetracycline residues which were determined in the plasma and tissues were observed between 0,007-0,046 µg/g.

The effect of alfalfa hay on ciliate protozoa in the rumen

Mehmet KOCABATMAZ, Zafer DURGUN, Mursayettin EKSEN — 1987-01-01

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of alfalfa hay on pH of the rumen content and the number of cliate protozoa. In the experiment two Akkaraman sheep, one of which was rumen fistulated the other one was rumen cannulated were used. They were fed with alfalfa hay and water ad. libitum. The samples of the rumen content were obtained with a plactis tube through the fistula and cannula. pH was immediately measured electrometrically. After fixing of the rumen contents in formalin the ciliate pmtozoa numbers and the differential protozoa counts were determined. pH values of the rumen contents were found to be highest before feeding, decreased at the 3 rd hour, later dropped to a lowest level at the 6 th hour after feeding. The protozoa counts per ml of the rumen content showed a parellelism to the declination in pH values. Totaly five species of protozoa were identified throughout the study. These were Isotricha, Entodinium, Diplodinium, Epidinium and Ophryoscolex.

UNTERISUCHUNGEN UEBER DEN EİNFLUSS VON KALİUMDİCHROMAT UND PROBENLAGERUNG AUF DİE RADİOİMMUNOLOGİSCH GEMESSENE PROGESTERON - KONZENTRATİON İN DER KUHMİLCH

Behiç SERPEK, Max DÖBELİ — 1987-01-01

Da Milchproben zwischen Gewinnung und Verarbeitung in spezialierten Labors unterschiedlichen Temparaturen und Transportzeiten ausgesetzt sind, wurde in dieser Arbeit akgeklaert. ob der einfache Zusatz von Kaliumdichromat in Tabiettenform in Abhaengigkeit von Dauer und Temparatur der Lagerung zu Abweichungen der radioimmunologisch ermittelten Progesteronkonzentrationen vom Anfansgehalt führt. Kaliumdichromat per se veraenderte das Messergebnis nicht. Nach Aufbewahrung bei Raumtemparatur, die den praktischen Verhaeltnissen am naechsten kommt, wurden in Milchen ohne Kaliumdichromat mit fortscnreitender Lagerdauer abnehmende Progesteronwerte, so dass sich ein Zusatz von Kaliumdichromat empfiehlt, um Fehlinterpretation in der Diagnostik zu vermeiden. Demgegenüber erreichten die Messwerte bei einer Aufbewahrungstemparatur von 37°C nach 168 Stunden sprunghaft das Vierfache der Ausgangskonzentration, was auf die Bildung proteolytischer und darnit den Antikörper schaedigender Substanzen selıliessen liess. Aufbewahrungstemparaturen von +4 und- 20ºC führten in Milchen mit und ahne Kaliumdichromat zu einer leichten, aber nicht signifikanten Abnahme der Progesteronkonzentration, so class 4°C für Proben, die kein konservierendes Agens en thalten dürfen, und - 20°C für Langzeitlagerung als geeignete Aufbewahrungstemparaturen betrachtet werden dürfen. 6 maliges Einfrieren und Auftauen blieb ahne messbaren Einfluss auf die Progesteronkonzentration.

Acrania case in a lamb

Erol ALAÇAM, Kamil SEYREK — 1987-01-01

A case of acrania was observed in a Merino lamb. The lamb was one of the twin male fetuses of the Merino sheep with her third lambing. The fetus was 3915 g in weight and 18 x 31 cm in diameters. The hair coat and other organs of the bo'dy were seen normal on macroscopic examination and under the x-ray photograhps except lack of the first four cervical vertebrates, cranium and maiformation of the pelvic bone.

Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 1987; 3(1)

DÜZELTME

CREATINE KINASE: A BIOCHEMICAL APPROACH

Determination of milk and plasma progesterone concentrations for early diagnosing pregnancy in cows

The effect of different energy sources on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition and fatty liver syndrome in broilers, I. The effect on growth performance and abdominal fat deposition

The effect of different energy sources on growth performance, abdominal fat depasition and fatty liver syndrome in broilers. II. The effect on fatty liver syndrome

A General Evaluation in aspects of internal diseases of the animals that were brought to the clinics of thıe veterinary facuıty of Selçuk University in 1985- 1986

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON LEUCOCYTES OF SOME FRESHW ATER FISH SPECIES

Samengewinnung durch Penismassage beim Rüden und die Untersuchungen über einige Spıermaeigenschaften

Studies on the application of renal angiography in dogs

Postmortem studies on macroscopic lesions of the genital organs as to bovine infertility

Researches on Ovine Adenavirus Type Three (OA3) Isolated from Clinically Healthy Sheep in Turkey

The investigations on experimııntal colibasillosis and its treatment with milk replacer samples in calves

Fluorometfic det;ermination of oxytetracycline (OTC) and tetracycline (TC) in animal tissues and influence of citric acid on absorption of oxytetracycline

Research on serum Na, K and inorganic P values in Southern Anatolian Red, Holstein with their first and second cros - bred

Investigations on the blood parasites and their ineidence in cattle in Elazığ region

Researchizs on biochemical, antibiotics sensitivity and transferable drug - resistance ( R - factor) characteristics of E. c ali strains isolated from diarrheal calves in Konya region.

Comparative studies on the hearts and coronary arteries of Akkaraman sheep and ordinary goats

The Treatment of Enzootic Calf Pneumonia Wit Tiamutin

Determination of antibiotic residues in the animal tissues by agar diffusion technique

Research on Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, Alkaline phosphatase, Blood Urea Nitragen and Free Fatty Acids activities in Holstein, Southern Anatolian Reds, first and second cross-bred in the seasonaı differencies

Clinical experiments with the topical applications of DMSO (Dimethylsulfoxide) in some traumatic lesions of small and large animals

The histological and biochemical investigations on fatty liver syndrome in broilers

Researches on new and simple test for elifferentiation of tuberculosis anel brucellosis

The influence of citric acid on the absorbtion of chlortetracycline from the alimentary tract in the Broiler chickens

The effect of alfalfa hay on ciliate protozoa in the rumen

UNTERISUCHUNGEN UEBER DEN EİNFLUSS VON KALİUMDİCHROMAT UND PROBENLAGERUNG AUF DİE RADİOİMMUNOLOGİSCH GEMESSENE PROGESTERON - KONZENTRATİON İN DER KUHMİLCH

Acrania case in a lamb

Researches on Ovine Adenavirus Type Three (OA₃) Isolated from Clinically Healthy Sheep in Turkey