Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2017; 33(3)

Macroanatomic investigations on arteria celiaca and its branches in Malakan Horse

İftar Gürbüz, Mustafa Orhun Dayan, Yasin Demiraslan, Kadir Aslan — 2017-09-01

Aim: In the study, it was aimed to investigate the branches of Materials and Methods: In the study, 5 male and 5 female adult Malakan horses were used. After opening the abdominal cavity of the horses, the colored latex, by entering from the aorta abdominalis, was injected to the vessel. Results: It was determined that arteria celiaca was divided into three rami as arteria hepatica, arteria gastrica sinistra and arteria lienalis. It was determined that diamater of the arteria hepatica were average of 7.36 mm in male and 7.00 mm in female, diamater of the arteria gastrica sinistra were average of 5.56 mm in male and 4.95 mm in female, the diamater of the arteria lienalis were average of 8.79 mm in male and 7.50 mm in female. Arteria hepatica gave the rami pancreatici, ramus hepaticus, arteria gastrica dextra and, continued the course as arteria gastroduodenalis. After arteria gastrica sinistra gave the rami pancreatici, it was divided into ramus parietalis and ramus visceralis. Ramus parietalis gave the ramus esophageus for the esophageal vascularization. It was determined that the arteria gastrica breves, rami pancreatici, rami splenici, rami epiploici emerged from arteria lienalis and, arteria lienalis coursed as arteria gastroepiploica sinistra. Conclusions: In conclusion, the findings were similar at high rates by literature.

Biochemical values of male mice fed with restricted calorie diet

Özge Çakıcı, Firuze Kurtoğlu — 2017-09-01

Aim: In this study, the effects of calorie restriction on basic biochemical parameters such as blood lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl (PC), HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), aspartate amino transferase (AST), glucose and body weight of male mice (Swiss Albino) were investigated Materials and Methods: Ninety six Swiss Albino male mice that have 6-8 months of age and body weight close to by each other were used in the study. Before starting the experiment, all animals were weighed and distributed in groups according to homogenity for theirs body weight. The research lasted for 60 days and conducted at Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Experimental Animal Research Unit. Mice were divided into 3 groups in each subgroups be of 8 mice and were fed in standard mice cages These groups organized as follows; 1-Control; 2- Calorie restricted (40%); 3- Calorie restricted (60%). After the adaptation period of 10 days, at the beginning; 30; and 60 days blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture. Results: LPO and PC values of 2nd and 3rd showed continuity declines (P<0.001) but such differences have not been shown in the control group as can be seen both P1 and P2 values. As lipid profile from the perspective of study; calorie restrictions (2nd and 3rd groups) decreased the triglyceride levels especially at 60.day both between groups as well as in each group among the periods of blood intake. The lowest low density lipoprotein (LDL) and highest high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were obtained from 40% calorie restricted groups. While the plasma glucose levels were not change for 60 days in the control group; these levels reached at lowest in groups 2 and group 3 especially, at 30 and 60 days (P1). Conclusions: Obtained from data, it can be said that, calorie restriction practices applied as nutritional habits regularly may be effective on the vital parameters and biochemical mechanisms and can delay the aging process, significantly reduce the incidence of some diseases of live organisms. For verifying the effects of different factors such as age and gender, studies created by using laboratory animal models with different age and sex for a longer time will contributed to this subject.

Breeding Aksaray Malaklısı in folklore of Aksaray Province

Gökhan Aslım, Çağrı Çağlar Sinmez — 2017-09-01

Aim: In this study, it is aimed to gather oral, written and visual data deal with Aksaray Malaklısı, to reveal the intangible cultural heritage and those contribute to science. Materials and Methods: In this survey, it was used to interview technique with interviewees. Interviews were conducted with 50 dog breeders and owners. It was asked 54 questions under the six chapters to resource person. Results: Obtained some data related breed features of Aksaray Malaklısı, shelter, care and nutrition, reproduction and obstetric information, and folk beliefs. According to the post color, Aksaray Malaklısı called as boz karabaş, ala malaklı, çapar malaklı, sarı malaklı; also it is classified as kamçı kuyruk, L kuyruk and kıvrık kuyruk. Conclusions: Consequently, we believe that obtained folkloric information which can contribute to Turkish culture inventory will help to protect the generation and closely recognition of Aksaray Malaklı shepherd dogs.

Prevalence of Eimeria spp. in diarrhoeic calves

Nermin Işık, Özlem Derinbay Ekici — 2017-09-01

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in calves in different localities in Konya. Materials and Methods: The study, conducted from January- February 2015, involved 240 faecal samples of calves in the age groups of <1 month, 1-3 months, >3 months in different localities in Konya. Faecal samples were examined by Fulleborn saturated salt floatation technique. After examination of stool, detected oocysts were sporulated in 2.5% potassium dichromate at 22º C and species were identified. Results: Eimeria oocysts were detected as 8.33% in all samples. The positivity rates in each of the age groups were different. According to the age groups (<1 month, 1-3 months and >3 months), the Eimeria spp. were determined as 0.83%, 22.73% and 7.41%, respectively. The highest prevalence was observed in the age group of 1-3 months. E. cylindrica, E. zuernii, E. ellipsoidalis, E. subspherica, E. bovis, E. auburnensis, E. canadensis, E. illinoisensis and E. brasiliensis species were identified in infected calves. Conclusion: In this study, the presence of E. cylindrica, E. zuernii, E. subspherica, E. illinoisensis and E. brasiliensis in calves was firstly demonstrated in Konya province. In particular, the calves in the age group of 1-3 months should be evaluated in terms of coccidiosis and other etiological agents and necessary control measures sholud be taken.

The distribution of the european swallow bug (Oeciacus hirundinis Jenyns, 1839) in the nests of house martin (Delichon urbica Linnaeus, 1758) in Afyonkarahisar

Mustafa Köse, Kürşat Kartal, Mustafa Eser, Bilal Dik — 2017-09-01

Aim: This study was carried out to identify species responsible for infestation of swallow bugs frequently observed in the nests of house martin (Delichon urbica) which live mainly eaves of buildings and to determine it's prevalance. For this purpose, the nests at the buildings in central campus of Afyon Kocatepe University were examined. Materials and Methods: Bugs were collected from nests in order to identify the species and it's prevalance. Collected nymphs and mature bugs were cleared and sections were prepared; and then they were identified according to morphological characteristics under a microscope. Results: The European swallow bug (Oeciacus hirundinis) has been identified in some house martin nests and was reported for the first time in Turkey. Of the 82 nests examined, 21 (25.60%) were infested with bugs. Lower number of mature bugs were observed when the nests were empty due to migration of house martins. The highest number of bugs collected from nests was 75 whereas the lowest was 13. The number of female and male bugs were usually similar (1:1- 1.2:1). Nymph stage of the bugs showed a peak in June and July after the first and second incubation periods of house martins. When house martins started to leave nests and tend to migrate, bugs showed high activity, moved towards interior sites of the buildings and cracks and crevices in the walls. Conclusions: This situation poses a risk for human as it was reported that these species can suck blood in human. Beside rash and allergic reactions, they have the potential to transfer viral and bacterial infections.

Hematological effects of Coenzyme Q10 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Ercan Keskin, Deniz Uluışık — 2017-09-01

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Coenzyme Q10 on some hematological parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 38 healthy, adult male rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 was fed standard rat pellets for four weeks. Group 2 was administered with 0,3 ml corn oil IP daily for four weeks, group 3 was injected IP with 10 mg/kg CoQ10 daily for four weeks, group 4 was made diabetic by SC injections of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin as single daily dose for two days, group 5 was made diabetic by SC injections of streptozotocin in the same way and then was injected IP with 10 mg/kg CoQ10 daily for four weeks. In blood samples received from all animals, red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) counts, hemoglobin amount, hematocrit value (PCV), differential leucocyte counts and mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were determined. Results: In diabetic rats, RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were determined to be lower (p<0.05) than the control group. CoQ10 application to diabetic animals increased (p<0.05) hematocrit value compared diabetic group. Experimentally induced diabetes caused significantly (p<0.05) increments in WBC count and neutrophil percentage, while lymphocyte percentage was decreased (p<0.05) compared to control group. CoQ10 treatment to the diabetic group markedly (p<0.05) decreased the neutrophil percentage and increased the lymphocyte percentage compared to diabetic group. Conclusions: These results showed that CoQ10 treatment to diabetic rats may have some beneficial properties on hematological parameters negatively affected from diabetic injury.

A Study on Coenzyme Q10, experimentally induced diabetes and liver enzymes in rats

Ercan Keskin, Deniz Uluışık — 2017-09-01

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on some liver enzymes in diabetes status. Materials and Methods: In the study, 38 healthy male Wistar Albino rats were used. The rats were divided into five groups. The animals in group 1, group 2 and group 3 were received standard diet, standard diet plus IP 0,3 ml corn oil and standard diet plus IP 10 mg/kg CoQ10 for four weeks, respectively. In group 4, diabetes was performed via SC injections of Streptozotocin (STZ) at dose of 40 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) single daily dose for two days. In group 5, diabetes was made via SC injections of STZ at a dose of 40 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) single daily dose for two days and then received IP 10 mg/kg CoQ10 for four weeks. At the end of the fourth week, blood samples were taken from all animals. In plasma samples, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels were determined. Results: In diabetic rats, RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were determined to be lower (p<0.05) than the control group. CoQ10 application to diabetic animals increased (p<0.05) hematocrit value compared diabetic group. Experimentally induced diabetes caused significantly (p<0.05) increments in WBC count and neutrophil percentage, while lymphocyte percentage was decreased (p<0.05) compared to control group. CoQ10 treatment to the diabetic group markedly (p<0.05) decreased the neutrophil percentage and increased the lymphocyte percentage compared to diabetic group. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is thought that CoQ10 supplementation may be beneficial on liver damage resulting from hazardous effects of diabetes.

Growth rates of hair goat kids by Multiple comparison tests

Zehra Günlü, Mehmet Emin Tekin — 2017-09-01

Aim: This research has been conducted to determine the effects of Dams Age and enterprise factors on suckling period Growth Rate (daily live weight gain) of Hair Goat Kids by different multiple comparison tests. Materials and Methods: The data suckling period daily live weight gain of 1189 hair goats kids born from dams of different ages in 2015 year in 6 different enterprises, member of Karaman Sheep and Goat Breeders Association was used as a research material in this study. The effects of maternal age and enterprises have been analysed by General Linear Model in SPSS. For pairwise comparison of the groups, all post-hoc comparisons test in SPSS were used and obtained results evaluated. Results: The effect of maternal age and enterprises factor on growth rate in hair goat kids was significant (P<0,001) according to the result of GLM procedure. TUKEY HSD, SCHEFFE, LSD, BONFERRONI, SIDAK, GABRIEL and Hochberg tests revealed the same similarities and differences for all comparisons. The growth rate of kids between in the enterprise of 2-4 was not statistically important (P>0,05) by the SCHEFFE test. According to the LSD test results, the difference between 2 and 3 was statistically important (P<0,05), unlike the others test. SNK, DUNCAN, and SCHEFFE tests created 4 homogeny subgroup and the others created 5 homogeny subgroup in all enterprises groups. In comparison for dam age groups, all tests except for SCHEFFE and LSD found the same similarities and differences all groups; while SCHEFFE test found the difference between 2-7 and 4-5 not significant (P>0,05), other test resulted in significant difference. However, LSD test found significant differences between 4-6, 5-7 and 6-7 groups (P>0,05)and the other test not detected any differences. In conclusion, all other test placed between LSD at one end, and SCHEFFE in the other end. Conclusions: As a result of the study; it could be concluded that LSD test could be used in the multiple comparison procedures if the group number is 3. It was determined that BONFERRONI and SIDAK test could be used interchangeably. If Type I error is wanted to be under control, SCHEFFE, TUKEY HSD and SNK should be use for post-hoc comparison. In the case that Type II error is wanted to be under control, LSD and DUNCAN test could be used for the post-hoc comparison.

Investigation of the relationship between intraocular pressure and ultrasonographic examination of anterior and posterior segment of the eye in dogs

Özgür Erkan, Kurtuluş Parlak, Mustafa Arıcan — 2017-09-01

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between intraocular pressure and the examination of the anterior and posterior segment of the eye in the rapid diagnosis and treatment of acute eye diseases. Materials and Methods: The study materials of different age, race, sex and eye diseases without distinction as only the right eyes of 50 clinically healthy dogs were assessed at Selcuk University Veterinary Faculty, Department of Veterinary Surgery. Distribution of the dogs were Golden (4), Boxer (1), Cocker (1), and Terrier (3), 41 were Kangal hybrids, with a mean age of 3 ± 1 year and a weight average of 28 ± 1 kg. All eye examinations were performed within a certain order. Schirmer test kit was used to measure the quantitative amount of tear secretion. Tonovet was used for intraocular pressure measurement, direct ophthalmoscopic examination and ultrasonographic examinations were also performed. Results: In the correlation analysis show that moderate severity correlation was determined between intraocular pressure and anterior segment depth (medium correlation between 0.4-0.6, r: 0.551) in intra ocular pressure increased (n: 6) group. High correlation was also found between intraocular pressure and anterior segment width (high correlation between 0,6-0,8, r: 0,609). In the present study, it was seen that there was a statistically positive change in the measurements of the anterior and posterior segments in intra ocular pressure. Ultrasound- guided examinations have led to the conclusion that glaucoma can be diagnosed precisely. Conclusions: Eventhough, there is a relationship between intraocular pressure and ultrasonographic changes in the anterior segment, it is suggested to increase the number of cases and to make changes more accurate..

Investigation of West Nile virus infection in brown bears (ursus arctos) in Turkey

2017-09-01

Aim: This study is a serological and virological examination of the West Nile Virus (WNV) in free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Sarikamis district of Kars province of Turkey. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, blood samples from 11 brown bears were tested for antibodies against WNV using a commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used to determine the presence of West Nile Virus nucleic acid. Results: Seropositivity rate was detected to be zero % and West Nile virus nucleic acid was not found in samples. Conclusions: The significance of WNV infection in brown bears and other free-ranging mammals in the Turkey is unknown at this time and will require further investigation. This is the first report of WNV infection in brown bears in Turkey.

First report of Plagiorhynchus spp. in the Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) in Van, Turkey

Özlem Orunç Kılınç, Bekir Oğuz, Nalan Özdal, Serdar Değer — 2017-09-01

A dead mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was found in the Ercek district of Van province and was brought into Parasitology Department of Yuzuncu Yıl University. After the necropsy, some acanthocephalans were found in the intestinal wall of the mallard duck. Acanthocephalans were identified as Plagiorhynchus spp. according to their morphological pecularities. It is important because this case is the first report of this infection in a mallard duck in Turkey.

Traumatic myiasis in a owl

Sami Gökpınar — 2017-09-01

A owl was brought to the Kırıkkale University Faculty of Veterinary Clinics with the complaint of injury. On examination, a great number of larvae were on the right wing. Collected larvae were identified according to their morphological characteristics. Upon microscopic examination, these larvae were detected as the second and third stage larvae of Lucilia sericata.