2020, Cilt 36, Sayı 5, Sayfa(lar) 106-117 |
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Coronavirus infection in cats |
Tuğçe Manolya Baş, Mutlu Sevinç, Mahmut Ok |
Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Konya, Türkiye |
Keywords: Cat, coronavirus, fıpv, fecv, fıp |
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Coronaviruses (Coronaviruses; CoV) are among the important
pathogens that threaten human and animal health. In
humans, prominent diseases due to these viruses are severe
acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory
syndrome (MERS) and SARS CoV-2 (Covid-19), which
causes pandemics all over the world today. Feline infectious
peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease in domestic and wild cats
caused by coronaviruses (FCoVs). FCoVs; There are 2 biological
types known as feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV)
and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). Although 90% of cat
populations have antibodies against FCoVs, FIP develops in
only 5-10% of cats infected with FCoV. There are two theories
about the pathogenesis of FIP. The first of theory is the
hypothesis that virulent and avirulent FCoV strains coexist in
cat populations, and the second is the "in vivo mutation hypothesis".
According to this hypothesis, In cats infected with
apatogenic FCoV, the virus genome is spontaneously mutated.
As a result of mutation, the virus gains the ability to replicate
continuously in macrophages and this situation plays
a key role in the pathogenesis of FIP. Clinically, antemortem
diagnosis of FIP is still difficult. In cases without effusion,
definitive diagnosis can only be made postmortem or invasive
methods. Treatment of the disease is limited to palliative
therapy. However, current treatment protocols can prolong
survival. This review provides multidisciplinary information
about the pathogenesis of the disease, diagnostic methods,
current protocols and the virus.
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