2020, Cilt 36, Sayı 5, Sayfa(lar) 058-060 |
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Bioinformatics-aided identification of SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) |
Mehmet Özkan Timurkan, Hakan Aydın |
Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Viroloji Anabilim Dalı, Erzurum, Türkiye |
Keywords: Coronavirus, Covid-19, pandemic |
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Current increase in discovery of coronaviruses and their sequenced
genomes gave us a unique opportunity to make genomic and bioinformatic
analyses of this virus family. Coronaviruses have one of the
largest genomes (approx. 30 kb) among known RNA viruses. These
viruses have various genes (Open Reading Fream 1ab, spike, envelope,
membrane and nucleocapsid). Furthermore Coronaviridae
family has 4 genera (Alphacoronavirus, Beta-, Delta- and Gamma-)
with Betacoronaviruses consisting of 4 subgroups phylogenetically,
namely A, B, C and D. 2003 SARS coronavirus is shown to have 4x10-4
ile 2x10-2 difference with its common ancestor annually in a molecular
structural analysis using different gene loci of coronaviruses.
Coronaviruses are also known to have genetic recombination. This
type of genetic interaction is reported among different murine hepatitis
viruses (MHV), among different infectious bronchitis viruses,
between MHV and bovine coronaviruses, between feline coronavirus
type 1 and canine coronavirus and among human coronaviruses.
Thus we need reports on characterization of viruses by analyzing
bioinformatically to investigate and to understand the ever changing
virus interactions which are shaped by mutations and genetic
changes. In this review we explained and discussed the current status
and potential future possibilities of lesser known but much needed
coronavirus bioinformatics. We provided a general perspective of
present and frequently used techniques and summarized the main
advantages and disadvantages of the use of bioinformatic analyses
of SARS CoV-2 for virology field.
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