Mankind has suffered from infections caused by various microorganisms throughout history. While some of these infections have caused diseases in a limited region, some of these have caused serious epidemics and even pandemics that affect the world. The pandemic, which is caused by the viral agent called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) in Coronaviridae family, has taken its place in the history scene as one of the important epidemics in terms of public health. Although the first notification of the disease was made in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the disease started to appear in many countries for a short time and it was declared as pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Today, it is known that about 19 million people get the disease, besides the disease has not been controlled yet. Also, the fact that the disease causes deaths, especially in the elderly and/or people with chronic diseases in different age groups, reveals the severity of the outbreak. Various researches are carried out by many countries to increase our knowledge about the molecular and epidemiological properties of SARS CoV-2 and to develop vaccines and antiviral agents, which are critical in fighting the disease. As a result of these researches, promising news started to come especially in vaccine development studies. However, better knowledge of the molecular structure of SARS CoV2 and the monitoring of possible mutations are critical, especially for vaccination success.